Panaeolus bisporus
Panaeolus bisporus, also known as Copelandia bisporus is a rare and widely distributed little brown mushroom that bruises blue and contains the hallucinogen psilocybin.
| Panaeolus bisporus | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Bolbitiaceae |
| Genus: | Panaeolus |
| Species: | P. bisporus |
| Binomial name | |
| Panaeolus bisporus (Malencon and Bertault) Singer and Weeks | |
| Synonyms | |
| Panaeolus bispora | |
| Panaeolus bisporus | |
|---|---|
| Gills on hymenium | |
| Cap is convex | |
| Hymenium is adnexed | |
| Stipe is bare | |
| Spore print is black | |
| Ecology is saprotrophic | |
| Edibility is psychoactive | |
This mushroom is similar macroscopically to Panaeolus tropicalis, Panaeolus cambodginiensis and Panaeolus cyanescens, but can be differentiated using a microscope by its two spored basidia.
Description Edit
This is a little brown mushroom that grows on dung and has black spores. It has been found in Hawaii, Southern California, North Africa, Spain and Switzerland.
Cap: 15-30 mm tan to gray fading to black sometimes when covered with spores and with a defined ring zone somewhat globe shaped or bell shaped to convex, hardly expanding, margin often torn and pedaled, smooth not viscid, and slightly wrinkled and pitted with age. Dark grey-brown drying whitish.
Gills: adnexed or narrowly attachedtightly packed, mottled gray to jet black, white edges
Stem: white, fibrous, 65-120 mm long 2-3 mm thick, hollow, translucent gray, bruising heavily blue where bruised
Spores: jet black, elliptical, 12-14 x 8-10 x 6-7.5 µm smooth and opaque, elongated with germ pore straight off the end
Habitat: saprotrophic on grasses
Microscopic features: 2 spored basidia 18 - 23 × 8-10 µm, cheilocystidia are bottle shaped and clear 20-30 µm, metuloids with yellow brown walls 40-55 × 12-15 µm some with excreted crystals
See also Edit
References Edit
- Stamets, Paul (1996). Psilocybin Mushrooms of the World. Berkeley: Ten Speed Press. ISBN 0-9610798-0-0.
External links Edit
- Mushroom Observer - Panaeolus bisporus
- Panaeolus bisporus microscopy composite
- Panaeolus bisporus photo