Gabriel-Marie-Théodore-Joseph, comte d'Hédouville (27 July 1755 in Laon, Aisne – 30 March 1825) (also Thomas Hedouville) was a French soldier and diplomat.
A student at the royal collège at La Flèche, he became a lieutenant in 1788 and rose to adjutant-general and lieutenant-colonel in 1792. He fought at the Battle of Valmy on 20 September 1792 and was made general de brigade and chief of staff to the Army of Moselle the following March. He then distinguished himself at the Battle of Kaiserslautern. However, he was then suspended and imprisoned as a noble and thus as a suspect, but was freed on 9 Thermidor year II (27 July 1794), brought back into the army at the rank of general of brigade and sent to the Army of the Coasts of Cherbourg (then at Brest). He became general of division in November 1795 and the Cherbourg army's chief of staff in January 1795, under Lazare Hoche. Under Hoche's orders he carried out a policy of pacification and appeasement in the west, which had revolted against the Republican regime.
He served on Saint-Domingue in 1798, where he had been sent as governor during Sonthonax's second commission. He encouraged the dissension between André Rigaud and Toussaint Louverture which helped to fuel the Haitian Revolution.[2][3] Toussaint's military leadership during the Haitian Revolution resulted in the rebellious slaves gaining the upper hand and restoring most of Saint-Domingue to France. Now that he ruled the island, Toussaint did not wish to surrender power to France and continued to effectively rule the country autonomously. Hédouville was one of the rivals to power whom Toussaint had to overcome. Hédouville was eventually forced to flee.[4] However, before he left, he released André Rigaud from Toussaint's leadership.[5]
Consulate to Restoration
After his time on Saint-Domingue, Hédouville was employed by the Armée d'Angleterre before returning to western France in January 1800 to take over from Hoche as commander-in-chief of the Army of the West He again negotiated a peace settlement with the Royalists. He was appointed as the Consulate's minister plenipotentiary at Saint Petersburg, Russia, from 1801 to 1804, when the Tsar broke relations with France. Hédouville left Saint Petersburg 7 June 1804. On 1 February 1805 he became a member of the Sénat conservateur, and he was ennobled as a Count of the Empire. Remaining a monarchist at heart, he enthusiastically rallied to King Louis XVIII in 1814.
^"Comte d'Hédouville". The Louverture Project. Retrieved 2006-11-27.
^"Toussaint L'Ouverture: A Biography and Autobiography: Electronic Edition". University of North Carolina. Retrieved 2007-08-22.
^"The Haitian Revolution of 1791-1803 - Toussaint and Independence". Retrieved 2006-11-27.
^. Webster University. Archived from the original on 2007-07-03. Retrieved 2007-07-03.
References
Clerget, Charles (1905). Tableaux des Armées Françaises pendant les Guerres de la Révolution. Paris: Librarie Militaire R. Chapelot et Cie. Retrieved 3 July 2015.
External links
Hédouville Flees
January 29, 2023
gabriel, comte, hédouville, gabriel, marie, théodore, joseph, comte, hédouville, july, 1755, laon, aisne, march, 1825, also, thomas, hedouville, french, soldier, diplomat, gabriel, hédouvilleportrait, jean, baptiste, paulin, guérinborn27, july, 1755laondied30,. Gabriel Marie Theodore Joseph comte d Hedouville 27 July 1755 in Laon Aisne 30 March 1825 also Thomas Hedouville was a French soldier and diplomat Gabriel d HedouvillePortrait by Jean Baptiste Paulin GuerinBorn27 July 1755LaonDied30 March 1825 1825 03 30 aged 69 Bretigny sur OrgeAllegiance Kingdom of France Kingdom of the French First French Republic First French Empire Kingdom of FranceRankgeneral de divisionBattles warsFrench Revolutionary Wars Battle of Valmy Battle of KaiserslauternOther workDiplomat Contents 1 Life 1 1 Early life 1 2 Saint Domingue 1 3 Consulate to Restoration 2 Notes 3 References 4 External linksLife EditEarly life Edit A student at the royal college at La Fleche he became a lieutenant in 1788 and rose to adjutant general and lieutenant colonel in 1792 He fought at the Battle of Valmy on 20 September 1792 and was made general de brigade and chief of staff to the Army of Moselle the following March He then distinguished himself at the Battle of Kaiserslautern However he was then suspended and imprisoned as a noble and thus as a suspect but was freed on 9 Thermidor year II 27 July 1794 brought back into the army at the rank of general of brigade and sent to the Army of the Coasts of Cherbourg then at Brest He became general of division in November 1795 and the Cherbourg army s chief of staff in January 1795 under Lazare Hoche Under Hoche s orders he carried out a policy of pacification and appeasement in the west which had revolted against the Republican regime He temporarily commanded the Army of the Coasts of the Ocean in place of Hoche from 10 July to mid August 1796 1 Saint Domingue Edit He served on Saint Domingue in 1798 where he had been sent as governor during Sonthonax s second commission He encouraged the dissension between Andre Rigaud and Toussaint Louverture which helped to fuel the Haitian Revolution 2 3 Toussaint s military leadership during the Haitian Revolution resulted in the rebellious slaves gaining the upper hand and restoring most of Saint Domingue to France Now that he ruled the island Toussaint did not wish to surrender power to France and continued to effectively rule the country autonomously Hedouville was one of the rivals to power whom Toussaint had to overcome Hedouville was eventually forced to flee 4 However before he left he released Andre Rigaud from Toussaint s leadership 5 Consulate to Restoration Edit After his time on Saint Domingue Hedouville was employed by the Armee d Angleterre before returning to western France in January 1800 to take over from Hoche as commander in chief of the Army of the West He again negotiated a peace settlement with the Royalists He was appointed as the Consulate s minister plenipotentiary at Saint Petersburg Russia from 1801 to 1804 when the Tsar broke relations with France Hedouville left Saint Petersburg 7 June 1804 On 1 February 1805 he became a member of the Senat conservateur and he was ennobled as a Count of the Empire Remaining a monarchist at heart he enthusiastically rallied to King Louis XVIII in 1814 Notes Edit Clerget 1905 p 56 Comte d Hedouville The Louverture Project Retrieved 2006 11 27 Toussaint L Ouverture A Biography and Autobiography Electronic Edition University of North Carolina Retrieved 2007 08 22 The Haitian Revolution of 1791 1803 Toussaint and Independence Retrieved 2006 11 27 Review of Haitian Revolution Part II Webster University Archived from the original on 2007 07 03 Retrieved 2007 07 03 References EditClerget Charles 1905 Tableaux des Armees Francaises pendant les Guerres de la Revolution Paris Librarie Militaire R Chapelot et Cie Retrieved 3 July 2015 External links EditHedouville Flees Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gabriel comte d 27Hedouville amp oldid 1071675613, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
