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CBS 30th Street Studio

January 01, 1970

CBS 30th Street Studio, also known as Columbia 30th Street Studio, and nicknamed "The Church", was an American recording studio operated by Columbia Records from 1948[1] to 1981 located at 207 East 30th Street, between Second and Third Avenues in Manhattan, New York City.

Actually containing two[2] Columbia sound rooms — "Studio C" and "Studio D" — the facility was considered by some in the music industry to offer the best-sounding recording venue of its time, while others considered it to have been the greatest recording studio in history.[2]

Numerous recordings were made there in all genres, including Ray Conniff's 'S Wonderful! (1956), Miles Davis' Kind of Blue (1959) and In A Silent Way (1969), Leonard Bernstein's West Side Story (Original Broadway Cast recording, 1957), Percy Faith's "Theme from A Summer Place" (1959), Chicago's Chicago Transit Authority (1969), Chicago (1970), and Chicago III (1971), Pink Floyd's The Wall (1979), as well as a recording about the city itself, Frank Sinatra's "New York, New York".[3]

Early building and church history edit

The site was originally the Adams-Parkhurst Memorial Presbyterian Church, a mission of the Madison Square Presbyterian Church, designed by the architect J. Cleaveland Cady, and was dedicated March 28, 1875. Several groups shared the building over the years, including a German Lutheran congregation, an Armenian Evangelical Church (1896–1921),[4] and radio station WLIB (1944–1952).[5]

Recording studio edit

Having been a church for many years, it had been abandoned and empty for some time, and in 1948 it was transformed into a recording studio by Columbia Records.[2][6][7]

"There was one big room, and no other place in which to record", wrote John Marks in an article in Stereophile magazine in 2002.[8]

The recording studio was approximately 97 feet long by 55 feet wide, with a 50-foot-high ceiling.[9] The original control room (8 by 14 feet in size) was on the second floor. Later, the control room was moved down to the ground floor.[2]

"It was huge and the room sound was incredible," recalls Jim Reeves, a sound technician who had worked in it. "I was inspired," he continues, "by the fact that, aside from the artistry, how clean the audio system was."[10]

A CBS Records A&R executive hailed the former church's unique and varied sound qualities, writing that the studio "resounds with the glory of a symphony orchestra, sparkles with the clarity of a polished piano performance, embraces the exuberance of a Broadway cast in full voice."[3]

Musical artists edit

Many celebrated musical artists from all genres of music used the 30th Street Studio for some of their most famous recordings.

Bach: The Goldberg Variations, the 1955 debut album of the Canadian classical pianist Glenn Gould, was recorded in the 30th Street Studio. It was an interpretation of Johann Sebastian Bach's Goldberg Variations (BWV 988). The work launched Gould's career as an international pianist, and became one of the best known piano recordings. On May 29, 1981, a second version of the Goldberg Variations by Glenn Gould was recorded in this studio, a year before Gould's death.[8] It was also the last recording session in the studio.

Among Rudolf Serkin's recordings of Beethoven's piano sonatas, nos. 1, 6, 12, 13, 16, 21 (Waldstein), 30, 31 and 32 were recorded there between 1967 and 1980. Vladimir Horowitz recorded his entire Masterworks (originally Columbia then Sony Classical) studio discography there, from 1962–1964 and 1969–1973. Other classical musicians having recorded in the facility included Igor Stravinsky, Leonard Bernstein, Bruno Walter.

Jazz trumpeter Miles Davis recorded almost exclusively at the 30th Street Studio during his years under contract to Columbia, including his album Kind of Blue (1959). Other jazz musicians who recorded in the location include Duke Ellington, Dizzy Gillespie, Thelonious Monk, Dave Brubeck, Charles Mingus, and Billie Holiday (Lady in Satin with Ray Ellis, 1958).

Gospel singer Mahalia Jackson recorded many of her albums at "The Church", including her Christmas album Sweet Little Jesus Boy (1955).

California composer and minimalist music pioneer, Terry Riley recorded both his landmark composition In C (1968) and his collaborative LP with John Cale Church of Anthrax (1971) at the 30th Street Studio.

In 1964, Bob Dylan and record producer Tom Wilson were experimenting with their own fusion of rock and folk music. The first unsuccessful test involved overdubbing a "Fats Domino early rock & roll thing" over Dylan's earlier, recording of "House of the Rising Sun", using non-electric instruments, according to Wilson. This took place in the Columbia 30th Street Studio in December 1964.[11] While it was quickly discarded, Wilson would later use the same technique of overdubbing an electric backing track to an existing acoustic recording with Simon & Garfunkel's "The Sound of Silence".[2]

Demise edit

Recession woes, combined with high operating costs for the energy-inefficient old church, spelled the beginning of the end for the studio.[3]

Columbia Records failed to buy the building (for an estimated $250,000; equivalent to $790,000 after inflation) when they abandoned their contracts with the studio in 1982. Columbia felt constrained by restrictions imposed by the owner, including a closing time of 10 p.m. or 11 p.m. The owner then sold it for $1.2 million, and it was quickly reacquired for $4.5 million ($14 million after inflation).[2]

The building was later demolished. A 10-story residential apartment building called "The Wilshire", completed in 1985, was built on the site.[12][13]

References edit

  1. ^ North, James (Jun 15, 2006). New York Philharmonic: The Authorized Recordings, 1917-2005. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. p. xx. ISBN 9780810862395. Retrieved December 21, 2014.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Simons, David (2004). Studio Stories - How the Great New York Records Were Made. San Francisco: Backbeat Books. ISBN 9780879308179.
  3. ^ a b c "Great Sound vs. Bottom Line". Billboard. 1980-11-01.
  4. ^ "Armenian Evangelical Church (Congregational) - 152 East 34th", NYC Chapter of the American Guild of Organists
  5. ^ "Adams-Parkhurst Memorial Presbyterian Church: 207 East 30th Street at Third Avenue", NYC Chapter of the American Guild of Organists
  6. ^ "In Session At The Columbia Records 30th Street Studio". Morrison Hotel Gallery.
  7. ^ "Columbia Builds Waxing Studios". Billboard. New York. 1948-12-18. Retrieved 2019-04-04. Columbia Records has built a new recording studio here which will replace its Liederkrantz Hall wax stages. The diskery has quietly constructed the new studio thru the ban months.
  8. ^ a b Marks, John, "The Fifth Element #7 Bookmark and Share", Stereophile, March 2002. Cf. pp.1-2, especially p.2
  9. ^ Vincent J. Liebler (March 1954). "A Record is Born!". The Columbia Record. Vol. 1, no. 6. The studio is not only completely soundproof, but heating engineers have also made it completely weatherproof. The studio is approximately 97 feet long, 55 feet wide, and 50 feet from floor to ceiling.
  10. ^ Reeves, James, "CBS STUDIO C, a.k.a. 'The Church'", Reeves Audio website.
  11. ^ Heylin, Clinton, Bob Dylan: The Recording Sessions, 1960-1994, Macmillan, 1997. Cf. p.33-34 for record producer Tom Wilson's use of the 30th Street Studios for some of Dylan's work, and other references in the book.
  12. ^ "Profile: The Wilshire", City Realty
  13. ^ "The Wilshire", NY Bits
  • Simons, David (2004). Studio Stories - How the Great New York Records Were Made. San Francisco: Backbeat Books. ISBN 9780879308179. Cf. especially, p. 23-24 with an article on "The Church" and elsewhere in the book.

Further reading edit

  • Cogan, Jim; Clark, William, Temples of sound : inside the great recording studios, San Francisco : Chronicle Books, 2003. ISBN 0-8118-3394-1. Cf. chapter on Columbia Studios, pp. 181–192.
  • Dietrich, Sean, "Vic Damon, 30th Street Studio, Village Vanguard", All About Jazz, August 2, 2010
  • Felten, Eric, "Abbey Road and the Day Studio Music Died: 'A great room acts like an instrument. . . . It has a voice.'", The Wall Street Journal, February 19, 2010
  • Heylin, Clinton, Bob Dylan: The Recording Sessions, 1960-1994, Macmillan, 1997. Cf. p. 33-34 for record producer Tom Wilson's use of the 30th Street Studios for some of Dylan's work, and other references in the book.
  • Kelley, Robin, Thelonious Monk: The Life and Times of an American Original, Free Press, October 2009. ISBN 978-0-684-83190-9. Cf. especially. Chapter 24, "Everything Begins Here and Everything Ends Here", p.327 and onward on the 30th Street Studio and Thelonious Monk.
  • Levine, Robert, "Sony Taps Into Photo Archive as a Resource During Hard Times", The New York Times, May 29, 2008
  • "In Session At The Columbia Records 30th Street Studio", press release, Morrison Hotel Gallery, New York, June 25, 2008. Announcement of an exhibition of photographs, many taken at the 30th Street Studio.
  • "In Session At The Columbia Records 30th Street Studio Opens in SoHo", Morrison Hotel Gallery, New York. An exhibition of photographs, many taken at the 30th Street Studio.

40°44′35″N 73°58′45″W / 40.7431°N 73.9792°W / 40.7431; -73.9792

January 01, 1970
30th, street, studio, also, known, columbia, 30th, street, studio, nicknamed, church, american, recording, studio, operated, columbia, records, from, 1948, 1981, located, east, 30th, street, between, second, third, avenues, manhattan, york, city, actually, con. CBS 30th Street Studio also known as Columbia 30th Street Studio and nicknamed The Church was an American recording studio operated by Columbia Records from 1948 1 to 1981 located at 207 East 30th Street between Second and Third Avenues in Manhattan New York City Actually containing two 2 Columbia sound rooms Studio C and Studio D the facility was considered by some in the music industry to offer the best sounding recording venue of its time while others considered it to have been the greatest recording studio in history 2 Numerous recordings were made there in all genres including Ray Conniff s S Wonderful 1956 Miles Davis Kind of Blue 1959 and In A Silent Way 1969 Leonard Bernstein s West Side Story Original Broadway Cast recording 1957 Percy Faith s Theme from A Summer Place 1959 Chicago s Chicago Transit Authority 1969 Chicago 1970 and Chicago III 1971 Pink Floyd s The Wall 1979 as well as a recording about the city itself Frank Sinatra s New York New York 3 Contents 1 Early building and church history 2 Recording studio 3 Musical artists 4 Demise 5 References 6 Further readingEarly building and church history editThe site was originally the Adams Parkhurst Memorial Presbyterian Church a mission of the Madison Square Presbyterian Church designed by the architect J Cleaveland Cady and was dedicated March 28 1875 Several groups shared the building over the years including a German Lutheran congregation an Armenian Evangelical Church 1896 1921 4 and radio station WLIB 1944 1952 5 Recording studio editHaving been a church for many years it had been abandoned and empty for some time and in 1948 it was transformed into a recording studio by Columbia Records 2 6 7 There was one big room and no other place in which to record wrote John Marks in an article in Stereophile magazine in 2002 8 The recording studio was approximately 97 feet long by 55 feet wide with a 50 foot high ceiling 9 The original control room 8 by 14 feet in size was on the second floor Later the control room was moved down to the ground floor 2 It was huge and the room sound was incredible recalls Jim Reeves a sound technician who had worked in it I was inspired he continues by the fact that aside from the artistry how clean the audio system was 10 A CBS Records A amp R executive hailed the former church s unique and varied sound qualities writing that the studio resounds with the glory of a symphony orchestra sparkles with the clarity of a polished piano performance embraces the exuberance of a Broadway cast in full voice 3 Musical artists editMany celebrated musical artists from all genres of music used the 30th Street Studio for some of their most famous recordings Bach The Goldberg Variations the 1955 debut album of the Canadian classical pianist Glenn Gould was recorded in the 30th Street Studio It was an interpretation of Johann Sebastian Bach s Goldberg Variations BWV 988 The work launched Gould s career as an international pianist and became one of the best known piano recordings On May 29 1981 a second version of the Goldberg Variations by Glenn Gould was recorded in this studio a year before Gould s death 8 It was also the last recording session in the studio Among Rudolf Serkin s recordings of Beethoven s piano sonatas nos 1 6 12 13 16 21 Waldstein 30 31 and 32 were recorded there between 1967 and 1980 Vladimir Horowitz recorded his entire Masterworks originally Columbia then Sony Classical studio discography there from 1962 1964 and 1969 1973 Other classical musicians having recorded in the facility included Igor Stravinsky Leonard Bernstein Bruno Walter Jazz trumpeter Miles Davis recorded almost exclusively at the 30th Street Studio during his years under contract to Columbia including his album Kind of Blue 1959 Other jazz musicians who recorded in the location include Duke Ellington Dizzy Gillespie Thelonious Monk Dave Brubeck Charles Mingus and Billie Holiday Lady in Satin with Ray Ellis 1958 Gospel singer Mahalia Jackson recorded many of her albums at The Church including her Christmas album Sweet Little Jesus Boy 1955 California composer and minimalist music pioneer Terry Riley recorded both his landmark composition In C 1968 and his collaborative LP with John Cale Church of Anthrax 1971 at the 30th Street Studio In 1964 Bob Dylan and record producer Tom Wilson were experimenting with their own fusion of rock and folk music The first unsuccessful test involved overdubbing a Fats Domino early rock amp roll thing over Dylan s earlier recording of House of the Rising Sun using non electric instruments according to Wilson This took place in the Columbia 30th Street Studio in December 1964 11 While it was quickly discarded Wilson would later use the same technique of overdubbing an electric backing track to an existing acoustic recording with Simon amp Garfunkel s The Sound of Silence 2 Demise editRecession woes combined with high operating costs for the energy inefficient old church spelled the beginning of the end for the studio 3 Columbia Records failed to buy the building for an estimated 250 000 equivalent to 790 000 after inflation when they abandoned their contracts with the studio in 1982 Columbia felt constrained by restrictions imposed by the owner including a closing time of 10 p m or 11 p m The owner then sold it for 1 2 million and it was quickly reacquired for 4 5 million 14 million after inflation 2 The building was later demolished A 10 story residential apartment building called The Wilshire completed in 1985 was built on the site 12 13 References edit North James Jun 15 2006 New York Philharmonic The Authorized Recordings 1917 2005 Lanham MD Scarecrow Press p xx ISBN 9780810862395 Retrieved December 21 2014 a b c d e f Simons David 2004 Studio Stories How the Great New York Records Were Made San Francisco Backbeat Books ISBN 9780879308179 a b c Great Sound vs Bottom Line Billboard 1980 11 01 Armenian Evangelical Church Congregational 152 East 34th NYC Chapter of the American Guild of Organists Adams Parkhurst Memorial Presbyterian Church 207 East 30th Street at Third Avenue NYC Chapter of the American Guild of Organists In Session At The Columbia Records 30th Street Studio Morrison Hotel Gallery Columbia Builds Waxing Studios Billboard New York 1948 12 18 Retrieved 2019 04 04 Columbia Records has built a new recording studio here which will replace its Liederkrantz Hall wax stages The diskery has quietly constructed the new studio thru the ban months a b Marks John The Fifth Element 7 Bookmark and Share Stereophile March 2002 Cf pp 1 2 especially p 2 Vincent J Liebler March 1954 A Record is Born The Columbia Record Vol 1 no 6 The studio is not only completely soundproof but heating engineers have also made it completely weatherproof The studio is approximately 97 feet long 55 feet wide and 50 feet from floor to ceiling Reeves James CBS STUDIO C a k a The Church Reeves Audio website Heylin Clinton Bob Dylan The Recording Sessions 1960 1994 Macmillan 1997 Cf p 33 34 for record producer Tom Wilson s use of the 30th Street Studios for some of Dylan s work and other references in the book Profile The Wilshire City Realty The Wilshire NY Bits Simons David 2004 Studio Stories How the Great New York Records Were Made San Francisco Backbeat Books ISBN 9780879308179 Cf especially p 23 24 with an article on The Church and elsewhere in the book Further reading editCogan Jim Clark William Temples of sound inside the great recording studios San Francisco Chronicle Books 2003 ISBN 0 8118 3394 1 Cf chapter on Columbia Studios pp 181 192 Dietrich Sean Vic Damon 30th Street Studio Village Vanguard All About Jazz August 2 2010 Felten Eric Abbey Road and the Day Studio Music Died A great room acts like an instrument It has a voice The Wall Street Journal February 19 2010 Heylin Clinton Bob Dylan The Recording Sessions 1960 1994 Macmillan 1997 Cf p 33 34 for record producer Tom Wilson s use of the 30th Street Studios for some of Dylan s work and other references in the book Kelley Robin Thelonious Monk The Life and Times of an American Original Free Press October 2009 ISBN 978 0 684 83190 9 Cf especially Chapter 24 Everything Begins Here and Everything Ends Here p 327 and onward on the 30th Street Studio and Thelonious Monk Levine Robert Sony Taps Into Photo Archive as a Resource During Hard Times The New York Times May 29 2008 In Session At The Columbia Records 30th Street Studio press release Morrison Hotel Gallery New York June 25 2008 Announcement of an exhibition of photographs many taken at the 30th Street Studio In Session At The Columbia Records 30th Street Studio Opens in SoHo Morrison Hotel Gallery New York An exhibition of photographs many taken at the 30th Street Studio 40 44 35 N 73 58 45 W 40 7431 N 73 9792 W 40 7431 73 9792 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title CBS 30th Street Studio amp oldid 1214084799, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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