Professor of geophysics at the University of Paris-Diderot, and a researcher in physical volcanology, he is one of the world's leading specialists in natural hazards of geological origin. He was appointed a member of the Institute, French Academy of Sciences, Section of Universe Sciences. By a presidential decree of 12 January 2011,[1] he succeeded Vincent Courtillot as head of the Institute of Earth Physics in Paris.
Claude Jaupart's work focuses on the thermal structure of continents, the characteristics of the internal movements of our planet responsible for continental drift and the modalities of volcanic eruptions.
Prizes and awardsedit
Prizesedit
1993: Wager Medal from the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI)
1995: Silver medal from the CNRS, Fernand Holweck Prize from the French Academy of Sciences.
1998: Winner of the Mergier-Bourdeix Prize of the French Academy of Sciences, Fellow of the American Geophysical Union.
1999: Prestwich Medal from the Geological Society of London.
2007: Holmes Medal of the European Geophysical Union.
2008: Member of the French Academy of Sciences.[2]
Executive Committee, Deep Carbon Observatory, Global Community International Program,
Sloan Foundation and Carnegie Institution of Washington, 2009–2018.
Scientific Committee, IFCPAR (Indo-French Centre for the Promotion of Advanced Research) 2015–2019.
Organizer and Lecturer, Advanced School on Scaling Laws in Geophysics:
Mechanical and Thermal Processes in Geodynamics,
The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, 23 May – 3 June 2011.
Reading, CIDER Cooperative Institute, University of California, Berkeley, July 2013.
Lecturer, Advanced School on Physics of Volcanoes, The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, 17 – 21 October 2016.
Fellow, American Geophysical Union.
Fellow, European Geosciences Union.
Scientific workedit
Six main themes.edit
(1) Measurements of surface heat flux, calculation of the Earth's heat balance and its secular cooling rate.
(2) Structure and thermal evolution of the crust and continental roots. Determination of the heat flux at the base of a continental root. Causes of the distribution in time and space of granitic massifs in a province. Mechanisms for stabilizing the continental crust. Consequences of the unstable nature of continental roots.
(3) Convection in the Earth's mantle. How the movements and distribution of temperatures within the Earth are affected by the large variations in viscosity that prevail there and by the presence of continents.
(4) Ascension of magmas and placement of magmatic reservoirs in the continental crust: at what depth and how magmatic reservoirs are formed, role played by the construction of a volcanic building on the surface.
(5) Crystallization and differentiation of magmas: convective exchanges between the layers where crystallization occurs and the interior of a reservoir, competition between sedimentation/flotation of crystals and movements of the carrier magma.
(6) Physics of volcanic eruptions: importance of gas leaks through the walls of a conduit, importance of coupling between flow at the surface and in an eruptive conduit, effects of compressibility on lava flows, effects of fragmentation and fragment size distribution (pumice and ash) on the behaviour of eruptive plumes in the atmosphere.
Some publicationsedit
Brandeis, G. & Jaupart, C., The kinetics of nucleation and crystal growth and scaling laws for magmatic crystallization, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 96, 24-34, 1987
Pinet C. & Jaupart, C., A thermal model for the distribution in space and time of the Himalayan granites, Earth Planet. Sci Lett. 84, 87-99, 1987
Jaupart, C. & Vergniolle, S., The generation and collapse of a foam layer at the roof of a basaltic magma chamber, J. Fluid Mech. 203, 347-380, 1989.
Jaupart C. and C.J. Allegre, Eruption rate, gas content and instabilities of eruption regime in silicic volcanoes, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 102, 413-429, 1991
Davaille, A. and C. Jaupart, Transient high Rayleigh number thermal convection with large viscosity variations, J. Fluid Mech. 253, 141-166, 1993.
Jaupart, C., and S. Tait, The dynamics of differentiation in magma chambers, J. Geophys. Res. 100, 17615-17636, 1995.
Guillou, L., and C. Jaupart, On the effect of continents on mantle convection, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 24217-24238, 1995.
Kaminski, E. and C. Jaupart, The size distribution of pyroclasts and the fragmentation sequence in explosive volcanic eruptions, J. Geophys. Res. 103, 29,759-29,779, 1998
Pinel, V., and C. Jaupart, The effect of edifice load on magma ascent beneath a volcano, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A, 358, 1515–1532, 2000.
Milelli, L., L. Fourel and C. Jaupart, A lithospheric instability origin for the Cameroon Volcanic Line, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 335–336, 80–87, doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2012.04.028, 2012.
Jaupart, C. and J.-C. Mareschal, Post-orogenic thermal evolution of newborn Archean continents, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 432, 36-45, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.09.047, 2015. Jaupart, C., S. Labrosse, F. Lucazeau and J.-C. Mareschal, Temperatures, Heat and Energy in the Mantle of the Earth. In: Gerald Schubert (Editor-in-chief), Treatise on Geophysics, 2nd edition, Vol.7, Oxford: Elsevier; p. 223-270, 2015.
Bibliographyedit
On the mechanisms of heat transfer in the Earth: conduction and convection, Doctoral thesis, University of Paris Diderot – Paris VII, 1982.
De l'Existence de couches stagnantes à la base des chambres magmatiques convectives, with Geneviève Brandeis and Claude Allègre, Paris, CNRS: Institut national d'astronomie et de géophysique, series "Bulletin PIRPSEV", 1984.
Les volcans, Paris, Flammarion, coll. "Dominos", 1998.
La physique et la Terre, chapter: Physique des éruptions volcaniques, Ed. Belin - CNRS Editions, pp. 14–33, 2000.
Volcans (sound recording-Audio CD), Paris, De vive voix, "sciences à écouter" series, 2001.[4]
Volcanism: cause of death and source of life, chapter: Why and how volcanoes are formed, under the direction of Patrick de Wever, with Michel Guiraud, Jean-Christophe Komorowski... Paris, Vuibert: Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, pp. 13–26, 2003.
Au-dessous des volcans, lecture given at the CNAM in 2000 as part of the "366 conferences for the year 2000" operation, VHS cassette from the "Université de tous les savoirs" series, Vanves, Service du film de recherche scientifique, France 5, 2004.[5]
Heat generation and transport in the Earth, with Jean-Claude Mareschal, Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridge university press, 2011.
5 young researchers of the future, presented by their elders, Paris, Éd. le Pommier, coll. "Promesses de la science le Pommier ! », 2013.
^Le texte de cette conférence est édité dans le volume 4 Qu'est-ce que l'Univers de la collection « Université de tous les savoirs », sous la direction d'Yves Michaud, aux Éditions Odile Jacob, 2001, p. 414-428
claude, jaupart, born, 1953, french, geophysicist, member, french, academy, sciences, since, december, 2008, contents, biography, prizes, awards, prizes, distinctions, serving, community, scientific, work, main, themes, some, publications, bibliography, refere. Claude Jaupart born 22 May 1953 is a French geophysicist and a member of the French Academy of Sciences since December 2008 Contents 1 Biography 2 Prizes and awards 2 1 Prizes 2 2 Distinctions 2 3 Serving the community 3 Scientific work 3 1 Six main themes 3 2 Some publications 4 Bibliography 5 ReferencesBiography editProfessor of geophysics at the University of Paris Diderot and a researcher in physical volcanology he is one of the world s leading specialists in natural hazards of geological origin He was appointed a member of the Institute French Academy of Sciences Section of Universe Sciences By a presidential decree of 12 January 2011 1 he succeeded Vincent Courtillot as head of the Institute of Earth Physics in Paris Claude Jaupart s work focuses on the thermal structure of continents the characteristics of the internal movements of our planet responsible for continental drift and the modalities of volcanic eruptions Prizes and awards editPrizes edit 1993 Wager Medal from the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth s Interior IAVCEI 1995 Silver medal from the CNRS Fernand Holweck Prize from the French Academy of Sciences 1998 Winner of the Mergier Bourdeix Prize of the French Academy of Sciences Fellow of the American Geophysical Union 1999 Prestwich Medal from the Geological Society of London 2007 Holmes Medal of the European Geophysical Union 2008 Member of the French Academy of Sciences 2 2010 Member of the Academia europaea 3 2015 Harry H Hess Medal from the American Geophysical Union AGU Distinctions edit CIRES Distinguished Lecturer Univ Colorado 2003 Daly Lecture VGP Section American Geophysical Union 2003 Ketin Lecture Istanbul Technical University 2004 Birch Lecture Tectonophysics Section American Geophysical Union 2006 Virgil and Mildred Barnes Distinguished Lecturer Univ Texas at Austin 2011 Bentor Lecture Univ Jerusalem 2017 Vernadsky readings Moscow 2018 Serving the community edit Fellows Committee American Geophysical Union 2010 2012 Hess Medal Committee President American Geophysical Union 2002 2003 Hess Medal Committee American Geophysical Union 2000 2001 VGP Fellows Committee American Geophysical union 2014 2016 VGP Fellows Committee American Geophysical Union 2004 2008 VGP Fellows Committee American Geophysical Union 1998 2000 Science Advisory Board Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique France 1996 2000 Executive Committee Deep Carbon Observatory Global Community International Program Sloan Foundation and Carnegie Institution of Washington 2009 2018 Scientific Committee IFCPAR Indo French Centre for the Promotion of Advanced Research 2015 2019 Organizer and Lecturer Advanced School on Scaling Laws in Geophysics Mechanical and Thermal Processes in Geodynamics The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics 23 May 3 June 2011 Reading CIDER Cooperative Institute University of California Berkeley July 2013 Lecturer Advanced School on Physics of Volcanoes The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics 17 21 October 2016 Fellow American Geophysical Union Fellow European Geosciences Union Scientific work editSix main themes edit 1 Measurements of surface heat flux calculation of the Earth s heat balance and its secular cooling rate 2 Structure and thermal evolution of the crust and continental roots Determination of the heat flux at the base of a continental root Causes of the distribution in time and space of granitic massifs in a province Mechanisms for stabilizing the continental crust Consequences of the unstable nature of continental roots 3 Convection in the Earth s mantle How the movements and distribution of temperatures within the Earth are affected by the large variations in viscosity that prevail there and by the presence of continents 4 Ascension of magmas and placement of magmatic reservoirs in the continental crust at what depth and how magmatic reservoirs are formed role played by the construction of a volcanic building on the surface 5 Crystallization and differentiation of magmas convective exchanges between the layers where crystallization occurs and the interior of a reservoir competition between sedimentation flotation of crystals and movements of the carrier magma 6 Physics of volcanic eruptions importance of gas leaks through the walls of a conduit importance of coupling between flow at the surface and in an eruptive conduit effects of compressibility on lava flows effects of fragmentation and fragment size distribution pumice and ash on the behaviour of eruptive plumes in the atmosphere Some publications edit Brandeis G amp Jaupart C The kinetics of nucleation and crystal growth and scaling laws for magmatic crystallization Contrib Mineral Petrol 96 24 34 1987 Pinet C amp Jaupart C A thermal model for the distribution in space and time of the Himalayan granites Earth Planet Sci Lett 84 87 99 1987 Jaupart C amp Vergniolle S The generation and collapse of a foam layer at the roof of a basaltic magma chamber J Fluid Mech 203 347 380 1989 Jaupart C and C J Allegre Eruption rate gas content and instabilities of eruption regime in silicic volcanoes Earth Planet Sci Lett 102 413 429 1991 Davaille A and C Jaupart Transient high Rayleigh number thermal convection with large viscosity variations J Fluid Mech 253 141 166 1993 Jaupart C and S Tait The dynamics of differentiation in magma chambers J Geophys Res 100 17615 17636 1995 Guillou L and C Jaupart On the effect of continents on mantle convection J Geophys Res 100 24217 24238 1995 Kaminski E and C Jaupart The size distribution of pyroclasts and the fragmentation sequence in explosive volcanic eruptions J Geophys Res 103 29 759 29 779 1998 Pinel V and C Jaupart The effect of edifice load on magma ascent beneath a volcano Phil Trans R Soc Lond A 358 1515 1532 2000 Milelli L L Fourel and C Jaupart A lithospheric instability origin for the Cameroon Volcanic Line Earth Planet Sci Lett 335 336 80 87 doi org 10 1016 j epsl 2012 04 028 2012 Jaupart C and J C Mareschal Post orogenic thermal evolution of newborn Archean continents Earth Planet Sci Lett 432 36 45 doi 10 1016 j epsl 2015 09 047 2015 Jaupart C S Labrosse F Lucazeau and J C Mareschal Temperatures Heat and Energy in the Mantle of the Earth In Gerald Schubert Editor in chief Treatise on Geophysics 2nd edition Vol 7 Oxford Elsevier p 223 270 2015 Bibliography edit On the mechanisms of heat transfer in the Earth conduction and convection Doctoral thesis University of Paris Diderot Paris VII 1982 De l Existence de couches stagnantes a la base des chambres magmatiques convectives with Genevieve Brandeis and Claude Allegre Paris CNRS Institut national d astronomie et de geophysique series Bulletin PIRPSEV 1984 Les volcans Paris Flammarion coll Dominos 1998 La physique et la Terre chapter Physique des eruptions volcaniques Ed Belin CNRS Editions pp 14 33 2000 Volcans sound recording Audio CD Paris De vive voix sciences a ecouter series 2001 4 Volcanism cause of death and source of life chapter Why and how volcanoes are formed under the direction of Patrick de Wever with Michel Guiraud Jean Christophe Komorowski Paris Vuibert Museum national d histoire naturelle pp 13 26 2003 Au dessous des volcans lecture given at the CNAM in 2000 as part of the 366 conferences for the year 2000 operation VHS cassette from the Universite de tous les savoirs series Vanves Service du film de recherche scientifique France 5 2004 5 Heat generation and transport in the Earth with Jean Claude Mareschal Cambridge Cambridge Cambridge university press 2011 5 young researchers of the future presented by their elders Paris Ed le Pommier coll Promesses de la science le Pommier 2013 6 References edit Portant nomination du directeur de l Institut de physique du Globe de Paris legifrance gouv fr in French 14 January 2011 Academie des sciences Academia europaea De vive voix Le texte de cette conference est edite dans le volume 4 Qu est ce que l Univers de la collection Universite de tous les savoirs sous la direction d Yves Michaud aux Editions Odile Jacob 2001 p 414 428 Bibliographie France culture Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Claude Jaupart amp oldid 1214465386, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
