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Clapton Crabb Rolfe

January 01, 1970

Clapton Crabb Rolfe (5 March 1845 – 18 December 1907) was an English Gothic Revival architect whose practice was based in Oxford.

Clapton Crabb Rolfe
Born5 March 1845[1]
Hailey, Oxfordshire, England[2]
Died18 December 1907 (aged 62)
Wheatley, Oxfordshire[3]
NationalityBritish
OccupationArchitect
BuildingsSt John the Evangelist parish church, Hailey, Oxfordshire
All Saints' parish church, Nuneham Courtenay, Oxfordshire
ProjectsKing Edward VI Grammar School, Nuneaton

Family edit

Rolfe was the second of nine children. His father was Rev. George Crabb Rolfe (1811–93) who was perpetual curate of Hailey, Oxfordshire from 1838 until his death.[4] His mother Ellen was a sister of the architect William Wilkinson.[4] Rolfe's elder brother George Wilkinson Rolfe (1843–1912) followed their father into the clergy[4] and a younger brother, William Andrew Rolfe (born 1850), also became an architect.[4] In 1873 Rolfe married Annie de Pré. They had one son, Benedict Hugh Rolfe (born 1874)[4] who trained as an architect and assisted his father on some of his later works, before settling in London as a consulting engineer.[4]

Rolfe died in 1907. Both he and Annie are buried in the parish churchyard of St Mary's, Wheatley, Oxfordshire.[4]

The Buildings of England series of architectural guides spells Rolfe's middle name "Crabbe" but other authorities use "Crabb",[3][4] A memorial plaque in Hailey parish church to his father Rev. G.C. Rolfe also uses the latter spelling.

Career edit

 
St John the Evangelist parish church, Hailey, Oxfordshire, built 1868–69

Much of Rolfe's work was for parish churches and other institutions of the Church of England. His first major commission was to design a new parish church at Hailey for his father.[5] His design was in a freely reinterpreted French Gothic style.[5] The Oxford Diocesan Architect G.E. Street condemned Rolfe's first draft as "needlessly eccentric".[5] Despite Street's objections Rolfe completed the church with some unusual details, including an unusually shaped bell-turret.[6]

Rolfe's work is notable for its quality and detail. In his reconstruction of part of the nave of Nuneaton Abbey and his restoration of All Saints parish church, Thorpe Malsor, the carving was undertaken by Harry Hems (1842–1916),[4] a craftsman who originated from Yorkshire[7] but from 1866 worked in Exeter.[8] He carved for Rolfe again on the restorations of St Giles' parish church, Standlake in 1880–91, St Martin's parish church, Chipping Ongar in 1884, and St Michael's parish church, Inkpen in 1896–97, and also at Rolfe's new chapel for the Sisterhood of Saint Thomas, Oxford in 1888.[4]

 
All Saints' parish church, Nuneham Courtenay, Oxfordshire, built 1872–74. The apsidal south transept is the organ chamber

Rolfe became an Associate of the Royal Institute of British Architects in 1869.[3] In 1881, following the death of G.E. Street, Rolfe was one of the applicants to succeed him as Oxford diocesan architect.[4] John Oldrid Scott was the successful applicant, but Rolfe was later appointed Oxford Diocesan Surveyor.[4]

Rolfe was a devout Anglo-Catholic who sought to translate his faith into his building work.[4] In 1871 he wrote in The Builder:

Those professional men nowadays who despise and ridicule that pure symbolic spirit which actuated our forefathers in their church-work, and probably substitute for it that £sd money-grubbing spirit of the age, are alike unfit and unworthy of being engaged on any modern church-work whatever.[9]

Rolfe wrote a number of publications on aspects of church architecture and furnishing, but as he got older the style and content of his writing became increasingly obscure.[4]

Works edit

Buildings edit

Written works edit

  • Chancels, Screens and Roods (pamphlet). Reading: 1877.[4]
  • The Ancient Use of Liturgical Colours. Oxford & London: Parker & Co. 1879.
  • Ecclesiastical Dilapidations, a Handbook for the Clergy. London: Simpkin, Marshall. 1883.
  • The Liturgical Use of Incense, an Eirenicon by C. C. R., with Preface by the Rt Hon. Earl Nelson. London. 1900.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)[4]

References edit

  1. ^ Oxfordshire, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1915 for Clapton Crabb Rolfe
  2. ^ 1881 England Census
  3. ^ a b c Brodie et al. 2001, p. 187.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Saint 1970
  5. ^ a b c Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 628.
  6. ^ Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 629.
  7. ^ . Exeter Memories. Archived from the original on 17 August 2009.
  8. ^ . The Harry Hems Centre. Archived from the original on 13 August 2013.
  9. ^ Rolfe 1871[page needed]
  10. ^ Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 558.
  11. ^ Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 545.
  12. ^ Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 325.
  13. ^ Tyack 1998, p. 237.
  14. ^ North Oxford Victorian Suburb Conservation Area Draft Appraisal, page 20
  15. ^ Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 423.
  16. ^ Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 726.
  17. ^ Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, pp. 770–71.
  18. ^ Pevsner & Wedgwood 1966, pp. 365–366.
  19. ^ Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 777.
  20. ^ Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 755.
  21. ^ a b Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 329.
  22. ^ Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 335.
  23. ^ Crossley et al. 1996, pp. 166–170.
  24. ^ Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 331.
  25. ^ Townley 2004, pp. 254–255.
  26. ^ Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 568.
  27. ^ Pevsner 1966, pp. 158–159.

Sources edit

January 01, 1970
clapton, crabb, rolfe, march, 1845, december, 1907, english, gothic, revival, architect, whose, practice, based, oxford, born5, march, 1845, hailey, oxfordshire, england, died18, december, 1907, aged, wheatley, oxfordshire, nationalitybritishoccupationarchitec. Clapton Crabb Rolfe 5 March 1845 18 December 1907 was an English Gothic Revival architect whose practice was based in Oxford Clapton Crabb RolfeBorn5 March 1845 1 Hailey Oxfordshire England 2 Died18 December 1907 aged 62 Wheatley Oxfordshire 3 NationalityBritishOccupationArchitectBuildingsSt John the Evangelist parish church Hailey OxfordshireAll Saints parish church Nuneham Courtenay OxfordshireProjectsKing Edward VI Grammar School Nuneaton Contents 1 Family 2 Career 3 Works 3 1 Buildings 3 2 Written works 4 References 5 SourcesFamily editRolfe was the second of nine children His father was Rev George Crabb Rolfe 1811 93 who was perpetual curate of Hailey Oxfordshire from 1838 until his death 4 His mother Ellen was a sister of the architect William Wilkinson 4 Rolfe s elder brother George Wilkinson Rolfe 1843 1912 followed their father into the clergy 4 and a younger brother William Andrew Rolfe born 1850 also became an architect 4 In 1873 Rolfe married Annie de Pre They had one son Benedict Hugh Rolfe born 1874 4 who trained as an architect and assisted his father on some of his later works before settling in London as a consulting engineer 4 Rolfe died in 1907 Both he and Annie are buried in the parish churchyard of St Mary s Wheatley Oxfordshire 4 The Buildings of England series of architectural guides spells Rolfe s middle name Crabbe but other authorities use Crabb 3 4 A memorial plaque in Hailey parish church to his father Rev G C Rolfe also uses the latter spelling Career edit nbsp St John the Evangelist parish church Hailey Oxfordshire built 1868 69 Much of Rolfe s work was for parish churches and other institutions of the Church of England His first major commission was to design a new parish church at Hailey for his father 5 His design was in a freely reinterpreted French Gothic style 5 The Oxford Diocesan Architect G E Street condemned Rolfe s first draft as needlessly eccentric 5 Despite Street s objections Rolfe completed the church with some unusual details including an unusually shaped bell turret 6 Rolfe s work is notable for its quality and detail In his reconstruction of part of the nave of Nuneaton Abbey and his restoration of All Saints parish church Thorpe Malsor the carving was undertaken by Harry Hems 1842 1916 4 a craftsman who originated from Yorkshire 7 but from 1866 worked in Exeter 8 He carved for Rolfe again on the restorations of St Giles parish church Standlake in 1880 91 St Martin s parish church Chipping Ongar in 1884 and St Michael s parish church Inkpen in 1896 97 and also at Rolfe s new chapel for the Sisterhood of Saint Thomas Oxford in 1888 4 nbsp All Saints parish church Nuneham Courtenay Oxfordshire built 1872 74 The apsidal south transept is the organ chamber Rolfe became an Associate of the Royal Institute of British Architects in 1869 3 In 1881 following the death of G E Street Rolfe was one of the applicants to succeed him as Oxford diocesan architect 4 John Oldrid Scott was the successful applicant but Rolfe was later appointed Oxford Diocesan Surveyor 4 Rolfe was a devout Anglo Catholic who sought to translate his faith into his building work 4 In 1871 he wrote in The Builder Those professional men nowadays who despise and ridicule that pure symbolic spirit which actuated our forefathers in their church work and probably substitute for it that sd money grubbing spirit of the age are alike unfit and unworthy of being engaged on any modern church work whatever 9 Rolfe wrote a number of publications on aspects of church architecture and furnishing but as he got older the style and content of his writing became increasingly obscure 4 Works editBuildings edit Saint John the Evangelist Hailey Oxfordshire new church 1868 69 10 Old Church Churchill Oxfordshire east window 1869 11 114 138 149 156 and 159 164 Kingston Road Oxford terraces of artisan houses 1870 75 12 13 14 Ascott under Wychwood village school 1871 15 Leafield Oxfordshire extension to village school 1871 4 All Saints Nuneham Courtenay new church 1872 74 16 Holy Trinity Rayleigh Essex restoration of chancel 1873 4 Saint John the Baptist Curbridge Oxfordshire added apse to chapel 1874 demolished 1906 4 Saint James s College South Leigh 1875 later part of Holyrood Hospital 17 Saint Peter Mancetter Warwickshire restoration 1875 4 Nuneaton Abbey Warwickshire new vicarage and reconstruction of part of nave 1877 4 All Saints Thorpe Malsor Northamptonshire restoration 1877 4 Saint Margaret Eglwyscummin Carmarthenshire restoration 1878 4 King Edward VI Grammar School Nuneaton Warwickshire new buildings 1879 80 18 Saint Giles Standlake Oxfordshire restored church 1880 91 19 Saint Lawrence Appleton Berkshire now in Oxfordshire restored nave 1882 84 4 Saint Martin Chipping Ongar Essex south aisle 1884 4 Holy Rood Shilton Oxfordshire restored church 1884 88 20 Sisterhood of Saint Thomas Oxford new buildings 1886 21 demolished 1969 4 29 Abbey Road Oxford house 1886 87 22 Saint Denis Northmoor Oxfordshire partial restoration 1886 4 or 1887 23 Holywell Ford Mill Lane Oxford house 1888 24 Saint Thomas Oxford vicarage 1893 21 Barnett House Turl Street Oxford house on corner of Broad Street 1889 demolished 1960 s 4 Hailey parish school Oxfordshire infants classroom 1892 25 Holy Rood Cuxham Oxfordshire rebuilt chancel 1895 26 Saint Michael Inkpen Berkshire restored and remodelled church 1896 27 Saint Nicholas Dormston Worcestershire restoration 1899 4 Written works edit Chancels Screens and Roods pamphlet Reading 1877 4 The Ancient Use of Liturgical Colours Oxford amp London Parker amp Co 1879 Ecclesiastical Dilapidations a Handbook for the Clergy London Simpkin Marshall 1883 The Liturgical Use of Incense an Eirenicon by C C R with Preface by the Rt Hon Earl Nelson London 1900 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link 4 References edit Oxfordshire England Church of England Births and Baptisms 1813 1915 for Clapton Crabb Rolfe 1881 England Census a b c Brodie et al 2001 p 187 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Saint 1970 a b c Sherwood amp Pevsner 1974 p 628 Sherwood amp Pevsner 1974 p 629 Harry Hems ecclesiastical sculptor and wood carver Exeter Memories Archived from the original on 17 August 2009 Building History The Harry Hems Centre Archived from the original on 13 August 2013 Rolfe 1871 page needed Sherwood amp Pevsner 1974 p 558 Sherwood amp Pevsner 1974 p 545 Sherwood amp Pevsner 1974 p 325 Tyack 1998 p 237 North Oxford Victorian Suburb Conservation Area Draft Appraisal page 20 Sherwood amp Pevsner 1974 p 423 Sherwood amp Pevsner 1974 p 726 Sherwood amp Pevsner 1974 pp 770 71 Pevsner amp Wedgwood 1966 pp 365 366 Sherwood amp Pevsner 1974 p 777 Sherwood amp Pevsner 1974 p 755 a b Sherwood amp Pevsner 1974 p 329 Sherwood amp Pevsner 1974 p 335 Crossley et al 1996 pp 166 170 Sherwood amp Pevsner 1974 p 331 Townley 2004 pp 254 255 Sherwood amp Pevsner 1974 p 568 Pevsner 1966 pp 158 159 Sources editNorth Oxford Victorian Suburb Conservation Area Appraisal Draft Oxford Oxford City Council p 20 Brodie Antonia Felstead Alison Franklin Jonathan Pinfield Leslie Oldfield Jane eds 2001 Directory of British Architects 1834 1914 L Z London amp New York Continuum p 187 ISBN 0 8264 5514 X Crossley Alan Currie C R J Baggs A P Chance Eleanor Colvin Christina Day C J Selwyn Nesta Townley Simon C 1996 A History of the County of Oxford Volume 13 Bampton Hundred Part One Victoria County History pp 166 170 ISBN 978 0 19 722790 9 Pevsner Nikolaus 1966 Berkshire The Buildings of England Harmondsworth Penguin Books Pevsner Nikolaus Wedgwood Alexandra 1966 Warwickshire The Buildings of England Harmondsworth Penguin Books Rolfe C C 1871 THE ARCHITECTURAL CONFERENCE The Builder 29 471 Saint Andrew 1970 Three Oxford Architects Oxoniensia XXXV Oxfordshire Architectural and Historical Society 53 ff Archived from the original on 28 September 2007 Retrieved 3 November 2009 Sherwood Jennifer Pevsner Nikolaus 1974 Oxfordshire The Buildings of England Harmondsworth Penguin Books ISBN 0 14 071045 0 Baggs A P Chance Eleanor Colvin Christina Cooper Janet Day C J Selwyn Nesta Williamson Elizabeth Yates Margaret 2004 Townley Simon C ed A History of the County of Oxford Volume 14 Bampton Hundred Part Two Victoria County History pp 254 255 ISBN 978 1 904356 25 7 Tyack Geoffrey 1998 Oxford An Architectural Guide Oxford amp New York Oxford University Press p 237 ISBN 0 19 817423 3 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Clapton Crabb Rolfe amp oldid 1179069970, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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