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Cîteaux Abbey

January 01, 1970

Cîteaux Abbey (French: Abbaye de Cîteaux [abe.i d(ə) sito]) is a Catholic abbey located in Saint-Nicolas-lès-Cîteaux, south of Dijon, France.[1] It is notable for being the original house of the Order of Cistercians. Today, it belongs to the Trappists (also called the Cistercians of the Strict Observance).

Cîteaux Abbey

The abbey has about 35 monks.[2] The community produces a cheese branded under the abbey's name, as well as caramels and honey-based candies.

History edit

Cîteaux Abbey was founded on Saint Benedict's Day, 21 March 1098,[3] by a group of monks from Molesme Abbey seeking to follow more closely the Rule of St. Benedict. The Abbey was supported by Renaud, Vicomte de Beaune, and Odo I, Duke of Burgundy.[4] They were led by Saint Robert of Molesme,[5] who became the first abbot. The site was wooded and swampy, in a sparsely populated area. The toponym predates the abbey, but its origin is uncertain. Theories include a derivation from cis tertium [lapidem miliarium], "this side of the third (milestone)" of the Roman road connecting Langres and Chalons sur Saône,[6] or alternatively from cisternae "cisterns", which in Middle Latin could refer to stagnant pools of a swamp.[7]

In the year 1111, the monastery produced the illuminated manuscript now known as the Cîteaux Moralia in Job.[8]

The second abbot was Saint Alberic, and the third abbot Saint Stephen Harding, who wrote the Carta Caritatis that described the organisation of the order. Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, who would later be proclaimed Doctor of the Church, was a monk of Cîteaux Abbey and left it in 1115 to found Clairvaux Abbey, of which he became the first abbot. Saint Bernard would also be influential in the subsequent rapid growth of the Cistercian order.

The great church of Cîteaux Abbey, begun in around 1140, was completed in 1193. The Dukes of Burgundy subsequently used it as their dynastic place of burial.

By the beginning of the 13th century the order had more than 500 houses and Cîteaux became an important center of Christianity. In 1244, King Louis IX of France (Saint Louis) and his mother Blanche of Castile visited the abbey.

During the Hundred Years' War, the monastery was pillaged in 1360 (the monks sought refuge in Dijon), in 1365, 1434 and 1438. In 1380, the Earl of Buckingham stayed at L'Aumône Abbey, a daughter house of Cîteaux located in the forest of Marchenoir whilst his army was quartered in the surrounding Forest.[9]

In the beginning of the 16th century, the abbey was a strong community of about 200 members. However, it suffered badly in the French Wars of Religion and slowly declined for the next century. In 1698, the abbey only had 72 professed monks. In 1791, during the French Revolution, the abbey was seized and the property sold off by the government.

In 1898, the remains of the abbey were bought back and repopulated by Trappists.

List of abbots edit

N° Beginning End Name
1 21 March 1098 6 July 1099 Saint Robert of Molesme
2 July 1099 26 January 1108 Saint Alberic
3 1108 September 1133 Saint Stephen Harding
4 1133 before 1134 Guy de Trois-Fontaines
5 1134 16 December 1150 Blessed Raynaud de Bar
6 before 1151 31 March 1155 Goswin de Bonnevaux
7 April 1155 September 1161 Lambert de Morimond
8 September 1161 21 April 1163 Blessed Fastrède de Cambron
9 May 1163 17 October 1168 Saint Gilbert le Grand
10 November 1168 28 July 1178 Alexandre de Cologne
11 December 1178 27 November 1180 Guillaume de Toulouse
12 before 1181 March/April 1184 Pierre de Pontigny
13 September 1184 1 January 1186 Bernard de Fontaines
14 before 1186 August 1189 Guillaume II de la Prée
15 August 1189 11 January 1190 Thibaut
16 January 1190 3 January 1194 Guillaume III
17 January 1194 March/April 1194 Pierre II
18 April/May 1194 1200 Guy II de Paray
19 September 1200 12 March 1212 Arnaud Amaury
20 March/April 1212 March/April 1217 Arnaud II
21 3 April 1217 8 January 1218 Saint Conrad of Urach
22 before 1219 1236 Gauthier d'Orchies
23 11 November 1236 1238 Jean de Boxley
24 1238 1243 Guillaume IV de Montaigu
25 July 1243 1257 (uncertain) Boniface
26 1257 1258 May 1262 Guy III de Bourgogne
27 May/June 1262 1266 Jacques de Cîteaux
28 1266 9 October 1284 Jean II de Ballon
29 October 1284 2 January 1294 Thibaut II de Saucy
30 January 1294 30 November 1299 Robert II de Pontigny
31 9 October 1294 30 November 1299 Rufin de la Ferté
32 late 1299 1303 Jean III de Pontissier de Pontoise
33 Milieu 1303 28 July 1315 Henri
34 August 1315 6 January 1317 Conrad II de Metz
35 January 1317 13 February 1337 Guillaume V
36 19 February 1337 8 June 1359 Jean IV de Chaudenay
37 9 July 1359 23 March 1363 Jean V le Gentil de Rougemont
38 late March 1363 20 December 1375 Jean VI de Bussières
39 before 1376 9 July 1389 Gérard de Bussières
40 August 1389 18 April 1405 Jacques II de Flogny
41 1405 21 December 1428 Jean VII de Martigny
42 1429 30 April 1440 Jean VIII Picart d'Aulnay
43 1440 25 November 1458 Jean IX Vion de Gevrey
44 late 1458 22 July 1462 Guy IV d'Autun
45 1462 24 March 1476 Humbert-Martin de Losne
46 late April 1476 20 November 1501 Jean X de Cirey
47 1501 25 October 1516 Jacques III Theuley de Pontailler-sur-Saône
48 1516 10 September 1517 Blaise Légier de Ponthémery
49 16 September 1517 25 April 1521 Guillaume V du Boissey
50 29 April 1521 26 March 1540 Guillaume VI Le Fauconnier
51 30 March 1540 26 December 1559 Jean XI Loysier
52 6 January 1560 19 June 1564 Louis I de Baissey
53 1/2 July 1564 23 October 1571 Jérôme de la Souchère
54 12 December 1571 December 1583 Nicolas I Boucherat
55 June 1584 21 August 1604 (uncertain) Edmond de la Croix
56 October 1604 before May 1625 Nicolas II Boucherat
57 3 June 1625 30 November 1635 Pierre III Nivelle
58 19 November 1635 4 December 1642 Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal Richelieu
59 2 January 1643 1 February 1670 Claude Vaussin
60 29 March 1670 6 May 1670 Louis II Loppin
61 20 July 1670 15 January 1692 Jean XII Petit
62 27 March 1692 4 March 1712 Nicolas III Larcher
63 20 May 1712 31 January 1727 Edmond II Perrot
64 21 April 1727 14 September 1748 Andoche Pernot des Crots
65 27 November 1748 25 April 1797 François Trouvé

References edit

  1. ^ "Citeaux | France". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2017-06-19.
  2. ^ "Abbaye Notre-Dame de Citeaux". history. 2023-11-15. Retrieved 2024-03-14.
  3. ^ Edward Ortved, Cistercieordenen og dens Klostre i Norden, 1, Copenhagen 1927. Page 2.
  4. ^ "Cistercian Order | Grove Art". www.oxfordartonline.com. doi:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T017866. Retrieved 2020-02-19.
  5. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Cîteaux" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 395.
  6. ^ Jens Rüffer: Die Zisterzienser und ihre Klöster. Leben und Bauen für Gott. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 2008, ISBN 978-3-534-18811-6, p. 10.
  7. ^ Watkin Wynn Williams, Studies in St. Bernard of Clairvaux, 1927, p. 75. citing Du Cange "cisternae": Dicitur de loco humili et paludoso, ubi stagnat aqua.
  8. ^ Rudolph, Conrad (1997). Violence and Daily Life: Reading, Art, and Polemics in the Cîteaux Moralia in Job. Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691026732. Retrieved 2020-03-16.
  9. ^ John Froissart, John (1395). . Manuscript. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2015.

Sources edit

  • Plouvier, M. and Saint-Denis, A. (eds.), 1998: Pour une histoire monumentale de Cîteaux, 1098-1998 (Commentarii cistercienses. Studia et documenta, 8), Cîteaux.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Abbaye de Cîteaux.
  • Official site

Pictures edit

  • Abbey Stamp

47°07′41″N 5°05′36″E / 47.12806°N 5.09333°E / 47.12806; 5.09333

January 01, 1970
cîteaux, abbey, help, expand, this, article, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, french, september, 2009, click, show, important, translation, instructions, view, machine, translated, version, french, article, machine, translation, like, deep. You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French September 2009 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the French article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at fr Abbaye de Citeaux see its history for attribution You may also add the template Translated fr Abbaye de Citeaux to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Citeaux Abbey French Abbaye de Citeaux abe i d e sito is a Catholic abbey located in Saint Nicolas les Citeaux south of Dijon France 1 It is notable for being the original house of the Order of Cistercians Today it belongs to the Trappists also called the Cistercians of the Strict Observance Citeaux Abbey The abbey has about 35 monks 2 The community produces a cheese branded under the abbey s name as well as caramels and honey based candies Contents 1 History 2 List of abbots 3 References 4 Sources 5 External links 5 1 PicturesHistory editCiteaux Abbey was founded on Saint Benedict s Day 21 March 1098 3 by a group of monks from Molesme Abbey seeking to follow more closely the Rule of St Benedict The Abbey was supported by Renaud Vicomte de Beaune and Odo I Duke of Burgundy 4 They were led by Saint Robert of Molesme 5 who became the first abbot The site was wooded and swampy in a sparsely populated area The toponym predates the abbey but its origin is uncertain Theories include a derivation from cis tertium lapidem miliarium this side of the third milestone of the Roman road connecting Langres and Chalons sur Saone 6 or alternatively from cisternae cisterns which in Middle Latin could refer to stagnant pools of a swamp 7 In the year 1111 the monastery produced the illuminated manuscript now known as the Citeaux Moralia in Job 8 The second abbot was Saint Alberic and the third abbot Saint Stephen Harding who wrote the Carta Caritatis that described the organisation of the order Saint Bernard of Clairvaux who would later be proclaimed Doctor of the Church was a monk of Citeaux Abbey and left it in 1115 to found Clairvaux Abbey of which he became the first abbot Saint Bernard would also be influential in the subsequent rapid growth of the Cistercian order The great church of Citeaux Abbey begun in around 1140 was completed in 1193 The Dukes of Burgundy subsequently used it as their dynastic place of burial By the beginning of the 13th century the order had more than 500 houses and Citeaux became an important center of Christianity In 1244 King Louis IX of France Saint Louis and his mother Blanche of Castile visited the abbey During the Hundred Years War the monastery was pillaged in 1360 the monks sought refuge in Dijon in 1365 1434 and 1438 In 1380 the Earl of Buckingham stayed at L Aumone Abbey a daughter house of Citeaux located in the forest of Marchenoir whilst his army was quartered in the surrounding Forest 9 In the beginning of the 16th century the abbey was a strong community of about 200 members However it suffered badly in the French Wars of Religion and slowly declined for the next century In 1698 the abbey only had 72 professed monks In 1791 during the French Revolution the abbey was seized and the property sold off by the government In 1898 the remains of the abbey were bought back and repopulated by Trappists List of abbots editN Beginning End Name 1 21 March 1098 6 July 1099 Saint Robert of Molesme 2 July 1099 26 January 1108 Saint Alberic 3 1108 September 1133 Saint Stephen Harding 4 1133 before 1134 Guy de Trois Fontaines 5 1134 16 December 1150 Blessed Raynaud de Bar 6 before 1151 31 March 1155 Goswin de Bonnevaux 7 April 1155 September 1161 Lambert de Morimond 8 September 1161 21 April 1163 Blessed Fastrede de Cambron 9 May 1163 17 October 1168 Saint Gilbert le Grand 10 November 1168 28 July 1178 Alexandre de Cologne 11 December 1178 27 November 1180 Guillaume de Toulouse 12 before 1181 March April 1184 Pierre de Pontigny 13 September 1184 1 January 1186 Bernard de Fontaines 14 before 1186 August 1189 Guillaume II de la Pree 15 August 1189 11 January 1190 Thibaut 16 January 1190 3 January 1194 Guillaume III 17 January 1194 March April 1194 Pierre II 18 April May 1194 1200 Guy II de Paray 19 September 1200 12 March 1212 Arnaud Amaury 20 March April 1212 March April 1217 Arnaud II 21 3 April 1217 8 January 1218 Saint Conrad of Urach 22 before 1219 1236 Gauthier d Orchies 23 11 November 1236 1238 Jean de Boxley 24 1238 1243 Guillaume IV de Montaigu 25 July 1243 1257 uncertain Boniface 26 1257 1258 May 1262 Guy III de Bourgogne 27 May June 1262 1266 Jacques de Citeaux 28 1266 9 October 1284 Jean II de Ballon 29 October 1284 2 January 1294 Thibaut II de Saucy 30 January 1294 30 November 1299 Robert II de Pontigny 31 9 October 1294 30 November 1299 Rufin de la Ferte 32 late 1299 1303 Jean III de Pontissier de Pontoise 33 Milieu 1303 28 July 1315 Henri 34 August 1315 6 January 1317 Conrad II de Metz 35 January 1317 13 February 1337 Guillaume V 36 19 February 1337 8 June 1359 Jean IV de Chaudenay 37 9 July 1359 23 March 1363 Jean V le Gentil de Rougemont 38 late March 1363 20 December 1375 Jean VI de Bussieres 39 before 1376 9 July 1389 Gerard de Bussieres 40 August 1389 18 April 1405 Jacques II de Flogny 41 1405 21 December 1428 Jean VII de Martigny 42 1429 30 April 1440 Jean VIII Picart d Aulnay 43 1440 25 November 1458 Jean IX Vion de Gevrey 44 late 1458 22 July 1462 Guy IV d Autun 45 1462 24 March 1476 Humbert Martin de Losne 46 late April 1476 20 November 1501 Jean X de Cirey 47 1501 25 October 1516 Jacques III Theuley de Pontailler sur Saone 48 1516 10 September 1517 Blaise Legier de Ponthemery 49 16 September 1517 25 April 1521 Guillaume V du Boissey 50 29 April 1521 26 March 1540 Guillaume VI Le Fauconnier 51 30 March 1540 26 December 1559 Jean XI Loysier 52 6 January 1560 19 June 1564 Louis I de Baissey 53 1 2 July 1564 23 October 1571 Jerome de la Souchere 54 12 December 1571 December 1583 Nicolas I Boucherat 55 June 1584 21 August 1604 uncertain Edmond de la Croix 56 October 1604 before May 1625 Nicolas II Boucherat 57 3 June 1625 30 November 1635 Pierre III Nivelle 58 19 November 1635 4 December 1642 Armand Jean du Plessis Cardinal Richelieu 59 2 January 1643 1 February 1670 Claude Vaussin 60 29 March 1670 6 May 1670 Louis II Loppin 61 20 July 1670 15 January 1692 Jean XII Petit 62 27 March 1692 4 March 1712 Nicolas III Larcher 63 20 May 1712 31 January 1727 Edmond II Perrot 64 21 April 1727 14 September 1748 Andoche Pernot des Crots 65 27 November 1748 25 April 1797 Francois TrouveReferences edit Citeaux France Encyclopedia Britannica Retrieved 2017 06 19 Abbaye Notre Dame de Citeaux history 2023 11 15 Retrieved 2024 03 14 Edward Ortved Cistercieordenen og dens Klostre i Norden 1 Copenhagen 1927 Page 2 Cistercian Order Grove Art www oxfordartonline com doi 10 1093 gao 9781884446054 article T017866 Retrieved 2020 02 19 Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Citeaux Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 6 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 395 Jens Ruffer Die Zisterzienser und ihre Kloster Leben und Bauen fur Gott Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft Darmstadt 2008 ISBN 978 3 534 18811 6 p 10 Watkin Wynn Williams Studies in St Bernard of Clairvaux 1927 p 75 citing Du Cange cisternae Dicitur de loco humili et paludoso ubi stagnat aqua Rudolph Conrad 1997 Violence and Daily Life Reading Art and Polemics in the Citeaux Moralia in Job Princeton University Press ISBN 9780691026732 Retrieved 2020 03 16 John Froissart John 1395 Froissart s Chronicles Book II Manuscript Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 1 August 2015 Sources editPlouvier M and Saint Denis A eds 1998 Pour une histoire monumentale de Citeaux 1098 1998 Commentarii cistercienses Studia et documenta 8 Citeaux External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Abbaye de Citeaux Official site Pictures edit Photo Abbey Stamp Illumination of an Abbey Manuscript 47 07 41 N 5 05 36 E 47 12806 N 5 09333 E 47 12806 5 09333 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Citeaux Abbey amp oldid 1213748523, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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