fbpx
Wikipedia

Cinéma vérité

May 05, 2023

For other uses, see Cinéma vérité (disambiguation).

Cinéma vérité (UK: /ˌsɪnɪmə ˈvɛrɪteɪ/, US: /- ˌvɛrɪˈteɪ/, French: [sinema veʁite]; "truthful cinema") is a style of documentary filmmaking developed by Edgar Morin and Jean Rouch, inspired by Dziga Vertov's theory about Kino-Pravda. It combines improvisation with use of the camera to unveil truth or highlight subjects hidden behind reality.[1][2][3] It is sometimes called observational cinema,[4][5] if understood as pure direct cinema: mainly without a narrator's voice-over. There are subtle, yet important, differences between terms expressing similar concepts. Direct cinema is largely concerned with the recording of events in which the subject and audience become unaware of the camera's presence: operating within what Bill Nichols,[6] an American historian and theoretician of documentary film, calls the "observational mode", a fly on the wall. Many therefore see a paradox in drawing attention away from the presence of the camera and simultaneously interfering in the reality it registers when attempting to discover a cinematic truth.

History

Cinéma vérité can involve stylized set-ups and interaction between the filmmaker and the subject, even to the point of provocation. Some argue that the obvious presence of the filmmaker and camera was seen by most cinéma vérité filmmakers as the best way to reveal the truth.[7][8][9] The camera is always acknowledged, for it performs the act of filming real objects, people, and events in a confrontational way. The filmmaker's intention was to represent the truth as objectively as possible, freeing the viewer from deceptions in how those aspects of life were formerly presented to them. From this perspective, the filmmaker should be the catalyst of a situation. Few agree on the meanings of these terms, even the filmmakers whose films are being described.

Pierre Perrault sets situations up and then films them, for example in Pour la suite du monde (1963) where he asked old people to fish for whale. The result is not a documentary about whale fishing; it is about memory and lineage. In this sense cinéma vérité is concerned with anthropological cinema, and with the social and political implications of what is captured on film. How a filmmaker shoots a film, what is being filmed, what to do with what was filmed, and how that film will be presented to an audience, all were very important for filmmakers of the time.

In all cases, the ethical and aesthetic analysis of documentary form (see docufiction) of the 1950s and 1960s has to be linked with a critical look at post-war propaganda analysis. This type of cinema is concerned with notions of truth and reality in film. Feminist documentary films of the 1970s often used cinéma-vérité techniques. This sort of "realism" was criticized for its deceptive pseudo-natural construction of reality.[10][11]

Edgar Morin coined the term around the time of such essential films as 1960's Primary[12] and his own 1961 collaboration with Jean Rouch, Chronicle of a Summer.[13]

Filmmakers associated with the style

Pioneers
Others

Selected cinéma-vérité films

Legacy

Many film directors of the 1960s and later adopted use of handheld camera and other cinéma vérité aspects for their scripted, fiction films—having actors improvise to get a more spontaneous quality in their dialogue and action. Influential examples include director John Cassavetes, who broke ground with his film Faces.[49] The techniques of cinéma vérité can also be seen in fiction films from The Blair Witch Project[14] to Saving Private Ryan.[50]

Cinéma vérité was also adapted for use in scripted TV programs, such as Homicide: Life on the Street, NYPD Blue,[14] both the UK and American versions of The Office, Parks & Recreation[51] and Modern Family.[14] Documentary series are less common, but COPS is one famous non-fictional example.[14]

It has also been a subject ripe for parodies and spoofs such as the mockumentary film This Is Spinal Tap[52] and Emmy Award-nominated TV series Documentary Now (the latter paying homage to the style of such CV classics as Grey Gardens and The War Room).[53][54]

See also

References

  1. ^ Glossary of rouchinan terms at MAITRES FOUS net
  2. ^ Ricky Leacock and “The Sense of Being There” 2013-06-14 at the Wayback Machine – Article by Stephen Altobello at IMN
  3. ^ Camera that Changed the World, BBC Four.
  4. ^ Direct Cinema 2019-04-06 at the Wayback Machine at Karamumedia12 April 6, 2019, at the Wayback Machine.
  5. ^ Observational documentary at Film Reference
  6. ^ Nichols, Bill. Introducing the Documentary. Indiana University Press, 2001, p. 109
  7. ^ Barbara Bruni, "Jean Rouch: Cinéma-vérité, Chronicle of a Summer and The Human Pyramid", Senses of Cinema, issue 19, March 2002.
  8. ^ DIRECT CINEMA: Filmmaking Style and its relationship to “Truth” – Thesis by Bernice K. Shneider, B.A., Art History University of Massachusetts, MIT (1972)
  9. ^ Jean Rouch – The Film-maker as Provocateur August 24, 2014, at the Wayback Machine – Article at Microwave.
  10. ^ A feminist critique of documentary film – Paper at Serendip Studio 2012-11-05 at the Wayback Machine
  11. ^ By, For, and About: The “Real” Problem in the Feminist Film Movement January 25, 2020, at the Wayback Machine – Paper by Shilyh Warren at Mediascape, UCLA
  12. ^ a b Richard Brody, "The Godfather of Cinéma Vérité", The New Yorker, July 31, 2014.
  13. ^ Chronicle of a Summer (1961), The Criterion Collection.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u "Cinema Verite: The Movement of Truth", Independent Lens, PBS.org.
  15. ^ Cassavetes, Major Director In U.S. Cinema Verite, Dies at 59 - The New York Times
  16. ^ New Working-class Studies - Google Books (pg.160)
  17. ^ The 25 Best Movies About The Cold War – Page 2 – Taste of Cinema
  18. ^ Realism as a Style in Cinema Veritie: A Critical Analysis of Primary on JSTOR
  19. ^ Chronicle of a Summer (1961)|The Criterion Collection
  20. ^ Happy Mother's Day at Pennebaker Hegedus Films
  21. ^ Terri C Smith (January 15, 2007). "D.A. Pennebaker's Don't Look Back: Direct Cinema's Early Portrait of a Cultural Icon" (PDF).
  22. ^ Josh Schasny, "25 New Hollywood Era Films That Projected the Hopes and Fears of the Times", Taste of Cinema, March 4, 2016.
  23. ^ 10 Essential Cinema Verite Films Every Documentary Fan Should See - Page 2 -Taste of Cinema
  24. ^ Wanda (1970)|The Criterion Collection
  25. ^ Charlie Fox on John Waters's Multiple Maniacs - Artforum International
  26. ^ The Plaint of Steve Kreines as recorded by his younger brother Jeff at Sundance Festival
  27. ^ MISS SPHEERIS'S PUNK VERITE - The New York Times
  28. ^ The Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock & Roll: The Definitive History of the Most Important Artists and Their Music - Google Books (pg.113)
  29. ^ The Atomic Cafe|Screen Slate
  30. ^ IN ‘THE ATOMIC CAFE,’ U.S. COLD WAR PROPAGANDA COMES OUT OF THE BUNKERS FOR THE TRUMP ERA - The Texas Observer
  31. ^ The Atomic Cafe Review|Movie - Empire
  32. ^ THE ATOMIC CAFE|Jayne Loader Interview
  33. ^ A New Pot of Gold: Hollywood Under the Electronic Rainbow, 1980 1989 - Google Books (pg. 380)
  34. ^ Two Stark Visions of the American Underbelly Hit the Big Screen|Current|The Criterion Collection
  35. ^ Sherman's March – New Georgia Encyclopedia
  36. ^ Paris Is Burning - Cinema Axis
  37. ^ IN DISGUISE A GROTESQUE MIRROR ON THE CULTURE 'PARIS IS BURNING' AND THE ... - Buffalo News
  38. ^ When We Were Kings: Hale County This Morning and Hoop Dreams|Watershed
  39. ^ Slam: The Book - Publishers Weekly
  40. ^ Tarnation (2004): Jonathan Caouette's Reality as Painfully and Weirdly Entertaining Confessional Family Saga | Emanuel Levy
  41. ^ Enter Narci-Cinema - The New York Times
  42. ^ Take Out (2004)|The Criterion Collection
  43. ^ Daddy Longlegs (2009)|The Criterion Collection
  44. ^ "The Florida Project" finds magic for those living in the shadow of Disney – Tone Madison
  45. ^ The 25 Best Movies of the Decade (2010s) - World of Reel
  46. ^ Dick Johnson Is Dead (2020)|The Criterion Collection
  47. ^ Why a Documentary About a Cow Reveals the Limits of an Art Form|The New Yorker
  48. ^ Inside the 21-Year Spiritual Journey of Capturing Kayne West's Life and Career|The Film Stage
  49. ^ John Cassavetes in Allmovie, accessed online on the New York Times, October 23, 2006.
  50. ^ Best Film Editing Sequences - filmsite.org
  51. ^ Brad Becker Parton, "How 'Parks and Rec' Transcended its Mockumentary Roots", Vulture, February 26, 2015.
  52. ^ Greatest Film Scenes and Moments - filmsite.org
  53. ^ "'Documentary Now!' a spoof on docs by 'SNL' alums Seth Meyers, Bill Hader and Fred Armisen", Daily News, August 14, 2015.
  54. ^ Hubert Adjei-Kontoh, "Documentary Now! An ode to the funniest spoof on television", The Guardian, February 20, 1019.

External links

  • , article by Robert McConnell at Parlez-vous.com
  • Cinéma Vérité at Encyclopædia Britannica
  • at the Wayback Machine (archive index)
  • Cinéma Vérité: Defining The Moment, IMDb.

May 05, 2023
cinéma, vérité, other, uses, disambiguation, french, sinema, veʁite, truthful, cinema, style, documentary, filmmaking, developed, edgar, morin, jean, rouch, inspired, dziga, vertov, theory, about, kino, pravda, combines, improvisation, with, camera, unveil, tr. For other uses see Cinema verite disambiguation Cinema verite UK ˌ s ɪ n ɪ m e ˈ v ɛr ɪ t eɪ US ˌ v ɛr ɪ ˈ t eɪ French sinema veʁite truthful cinema is a style of documentary filmmaking developed by Edgar Morin and Jean Rouch inspired by Dziga Vertov s theory about Kino Pravda It combines improvisation with use of the camera to unveil truth or highlight subjects hidden behind reality 1 2 3 It is sometimes called observational cinema 4 5 if understood as pure direct cinema mainly without a narrator s voice over There are subtle yet important differences between terms expressing similar concepts Direct cinema is largely concerned with the recording of events in which the subject and audience become unaware of the camera s presence operating within what Bill Nichols 6 an American historian and theoretician of documentary film calls the observational mode a fly on the wall Many therefore see a paradox in drawing attention away from the presence of the camera and simultaneously interfering in the reality it registers when attempting to discover a cinematic truth Contents 1 History 2 Filmmakers associated with the style 3 Selected cinema verite films 4 Legacy 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksHistory EditCinema verite can involve stylized set ups and interaction between the filmmaker and the subject even to the point of provocation Some argue that the obvious presence of the filmmaker and camera was seen by most cinema verite filmmakers as the best way to reveal the truth 7 8 9 The camera is always acknowledged for it performs the act of filming real objects people and events in a confrontational way The filmmaker s intention was to represent the truth as objectively as possible freeing the viewer from deceptions in how those aspects of life were formerly presented to them From this perspective the filmmaker should be the catalyst of a situation Few agree on the meanings of these terms even the filmmakers whose films are being described Pierre Perrault sets situations up and then films them for example in Pour la suite du monde 1963 where he asked old people to fish for whale The result is not a documentary about whale fishing it is about memory and lineage In this sense cinema verite is concerned with anthropological cinema and with the social and political implications of what is captured on film How a filmmaker shoots a film what is being filmed what to do with what was filmed and how that film will be presented to an audience all were very important for filmmakers of the time In all cases the ethical and aesthetic analysis of documentary form see docufiction of the 1950s and 1960s has to be linked with a critical look at post war propaganda analysis This type of cinema is concerned with notions of truth and reality in film Feminist documentary films of the 1970s often used cinema verite techniques This sort of realism was criticized for its deceptive pseudo natural construction of reality 10 11 Edgar Morin coined the term around the time of such essential films as 1960 s Primary 12 and his own 1961 collaboration with Jean Rouch Chronicle of a Summer 13 Filmmakers associated with the style EditPioneersRobert Drew 14 Richard Leacock 14 D A Pennebaker 14 Jean Rouch 14 OthersLindsay Anderson 14 Tony Richardson 14 Karel Reisz 14 Shirley Clarke 14 Chris Marker 14 The Maysles Brothers Albert and David Maysles 14 Frederick Wiseman 14 John Cassavetes 15 Barbara Kopple 16 Peter Watkins 17 Selected cinema verite films EditPrimary 1960 12 18 Chronicle of a Summer 1961 19 Happy Mother s Day 1964 20 Dont Look Back 1967 21 Portrait of Jason 1967 14 Titicut Follies 1967 14 Faces 1968 22 High School 1968 23 Salesman 1969 14 Wanda 1970 24 Multiple Maniacs 1970 25 Gimme Shelter 1970 14 The Plaint of Steve Kreines as recorded by his younger brother Jeff 1974 26 Grey Gardens 1975 14 The Decline of Western Civilization 1981 27 and the sequel The Metal Years 1988 28 The Atomic Cafe 1982 29 30 31 32 Say Amen Somebody 1982 33 Streetwise 1984 34 Sherman s March 1986 35 Paris Is Burning 1990 36 37 The War Room 1993 14 Hoop Dreams 1994 38 Slam 1998 39 Tarnation 2003 40 Control Room 2004 41 Take Out 2004 42 Daddy Longlegs 2009 43 The Florida Project 2017 44 45 Dick Johnson Is Dead 2020 46 Cow 2021 47 Jeen Yuhs 2022 48 Legacy EditMany film directors of the 1960s and later adopted use of handheld camera and other cinema verite aspects for their scripted fiction films having actors improvise to get a more spontaneous quality in their dialogue and action Influential examples include director John Cassavetes who broke ground with his film Faces 49 The techniques of cinema verite can also be seen in fiction films from The Blair Witch Project 14 to Saving Private Ryan 50 Cinema verite was also adapted for use in scripted TV programs such as Homicide Life on the Street NYPD Blue 14 both the UK and American versions of The Office Parks amp Recreation 51 and Modern Family 14 Documentary series are less common but COPS is one famous non fictional example 14 It has also been a subject ripe for parodies and spoofs such as the mockumentary film This Is Spinal Tap 52 and Emmy Award nominated TV series Documentary Now the latter paying homage to the style of such CV classics as Grey Gardens and The War Room 53 54 See also EditCinema Verite Defining the Moment Cinema Verite the 2011 HBO TV movie about the making of PBS s 1973 documentary series An American Family Ethnofiction Found footage pseudo documentary Pilottone Sync sound 16 mm filmReferences Edit Glossary of rouchinan terms at MAITRES FOUS net Ricky Leacock and The Sense of Being There Archived 2013 06 14 at the Wayback Machine Article by Stephen Altobello at IMN Camera that Changed the World BBC Four Direct Cinema Archived 2019 04 06 at the Wayback Machine at Karamumedia12 Archived April 6 2019 at the Wayback Machine Observational documentary at Film Reference Nichols Bill Introducing the Documentary Indiana University Press 2001 p 109 Barbara Bruni Jean Rouch Cinema verite Chronicle of a Summer and The Human Pyramid Senses of Cinema issue 19 March 2002 DIRECT CINEMA Filmmaking Style and its relationship to Truth Thesis by Bernice K Shneider B A Art History University of Massachusetts MIT 1972 Jean Rouch The Film maker as Provocateur Archived August 24 2014 at the Wayback Machine Article at Microwave A feminist critique of documentary film Paper at Serendip Studio Archived 2012 11 05 at the Wayback Machine By For and About The Real Problem in the Feminist Film Movement Archived January 25 2020 at the Wayback Machine Paper by Shilyh Warren at Mediascape UCLA a b Richard Brody The Godfather of Cinema Verite The New Yorker July 31 2014 Chronicle of a Summer 1961 The Criterion Collection a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Cinema Verite The Movement of Truth Independent Lens PBS org Cassavetes Major Director In U S Cinema Verite Dies at 59 The New York Times New Working class Studies Google Books pg 160 The 25 Best Movies About The Cold War Page 2 Taste of Cinema Realism as a Style in Cinema Veritie A Critical Analysis of Primary on JSTOR Chronicle of a Summer 1961 The Criterion Collection Happy Mother s Day at Pennebaker Hegedus Films Terri C Smith January 15 2007 D A Pennebaker s Don t Look Back Direct Cinema s Early Portrait of a Cultural Icon PDF Josh Schasny 25 New Hollywood Era Films That Projected the Hopes and Fears of the Times Taste of Cinema March 4 2016 10 Essential Cinema Verite Films Every Documentary Fan Should See Page 2 Taste of Cinema Wanda 1970 The Criterion Collection Charlie Fox on John Waters s Multiple Maniacs Artforum International The Plaint of Steve Kreines as recorded by his younger brother Jeff at Sundance Festival MISS SPHEERIS S PUNK VERITE The New York Times The Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock amp Roll The Definitive History of the Most Important Artists and Their Music Google Books pg 113 The Atomic Cafe Screen Slate IN THE ATOMIC CAFE U S COLD WAR PROPAGANDA COMES OUT OF THE BUNKERS FOR THE TRUMP ERA The Texas Observer The Atomic Cafe Review Movie Empire THE ATOMIC CAFE Jayne Loader Interview A New Pot of Gold Hollywood Under the Electronic Rainbow 1980 1989 Google Books pg 380 Two Stark Visions of the American Underbelly Hit the Big Screen Current The Criterion Collection Sherman s March New Georgia Encyclopedia Paris Is Burning Cinema Axis IN DISGUISE A GROTESQUE MIRROR ON THE CULTURE PARIS IS BURNING AND THE Buffalo News When We Were Kings Hale County This Morning and Hoop Dreams Watershed Slam The Book Publishers Weekly Tarnation 2004 Jonathan Caouette s Reality as Painfully and Weirdly Entertaining Confessional Family Saga Emanuel Levy Enter Narci Cinema The New York Times Take Out 2004 The Criterion Collection Daddy Longlegs 2009 The Criterion Collection The Florida Project finds magic for those living in the shadow of Disney Tone Madison The 25 Best Movies of the Decade 2010s World of Reel Dick Johnson Is Dead 2020 The Criterion Collection Why a Documentary About a Cow Reveals the Limits of an Art Form The New Yorker Inside the 21 Year Spiritual Journey of Capturing Kayne West s Life and Career The Film Stage John Cassavetes in Allmovie accessed online on the New York Times October 23 2006 Best Film Editing Sequences filmsite org Brad Becker Parton How Parks and Rec Transcended its Mockumentary Roots Vulture February 26 2015 Greatest Film Scenes and Moments filmsite org Documentary Now a spoof on docs by SNL alums Seth Meyers Bill Hader and Fred Armisen Daily News August 14 2015 Hubert Adjei Kontoh Documentary Now An ode to the funniest spoof on television The Guardian February 20 1019 External links EditREALISM article by Robert McConnell at Parlez vous com Cinema Verite at Encyclopaedia Britannica French Realism and Cinema Verite at the Wayback Machine archive index Cinema Verite Defining The Moment IMDb Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cinema verite amp oldid 1144671865, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.