The Ciguayos (Spanish: Ciguayos) were a group of Indigenous people who inhabited the Samaná Peninsula and its adjoining regions in the present-day Dominican Republic. The Ciguayos appear to have predated the agricultural Taíno who inhabited much of the island. Ciguayo was spoken on the northeastern coast of the Magua region from Nagua southward to at least the Yuna River, and throughout all of the Samana Peninsula.
Cabo Samaná: where Columbus encountered the Ciguayos
Since the moment of contact early Spanish writers perceived them as a threat and portrayed them flaunting long hair and brandishing bows with poisoned arrows.[1] Their archery tradition is linked to the Kalinago, or Island Caribs.[2] Their legacy has spawned folktales, and since the 19th century, their memory has been at the center of the Dominican indigenist movement.[3]
Society and characteristicsedit
Magua region.
They were considered a separate ethnic people that inhabited the Peninsula of Samaná and part of the northern coast toward Nagua in what today is the Dominican Republic, and, by most contemporary accounts, differed in language and customs from the classical Taíno who lived on the eastern part of the island of Hispaniola then known. The ciguayos were physically distinguished from the Taínos because they were taller, they painted their bodies with black dye and allowed their hair to grow longer, which they adorned with feathers, to the entire length, according to Bartolomé de las Casas. Also in the expression of the countenance the ciguayos were more severe than the taínos. Their bows were larger and their arrows had poison at the tip. They spoke another language that was not the common one of most of the island. At the end of the 15th century the ciguayos occupied the Macorís de Arriba, mountain ranges of the today Cordillera Septentrional that were then called Ciguay, their ruler was Mayobanex. Wilson (1990) states that circa 1500 this was the cacicazgo (chiefdom) of the cacique Guacangarí.
According to Eustaquio Fernandez de Navarrete, they were “warriors and spirited people,” (“gente animosa y guerrera”).[4] The Cronista de Indias, Pedro Martir accused them of cannibalism: “when they descend from the mountains to wage war on their neighbors, they kill and eat some of them” (“trae[n] origen de los caníbales, pues cuando de las montañas bajan a lo llano para hacer guerra á sus vecinos, si matan á algunos se los comen”).[5]
Languageedit
Fray Ramón Pané, often dubbed as the first anthropologist of the Caribbean, distinguished the Ciguayos' language from the rest of those spoken on Hispaniola.[6]Bartolomé de las Casas, who studied the Ciguayos and was one of the few who read Ramón Pané’s original work in Spanish, provided most of the documentation about this group.[7]
A single word of Ciguayo was recorded by las Casas: tuob, meaning "gold". On the basis of this word Granberry & Vescelius (2004) hypothesize that the Ciguayo language was related to the Tol language of Honduras and that the Ciguayos originated in Mesoamerica. They also suggest that the indigenous name of Hispaniola, Kiskeya, was Ciguayo in origin and may have meant "a very mountainous, heavily forested terrain".[8]
Referencesedit
^Granberry, Julia (1991). ""Was Ciguayo a West Indian Hokan Language?"". International Journal of American Linguistics. 57 (4): 514–19. doi:10.1086/ijal.57.4.3519737.
^Salas, Julio César (1921). Los Indios caribes : estudio sobre el origen del mito de la antropofagia. Madrid: Talleres Gráficos Lux. p. 55.
^Garía Bidó, Rafael (2010). Voces de bohío Vocabulario de la cultura taína. Santo Domingo, DR: Archivo General de la Nación. p. 7. ISBN978-9945-020-95-3.
^Eustaquio Fernandez de Navarrete [in Spanish] (1850). "Noticias de D. Bartolomé Colón, Hermano del Almirante," in Colección de Documentos Inéditos Para La Historia de España, V. 16. Madrid: Vidua de Calero. p. 516.
^Martire d’Anghiera, Pietro (1892). Joaquin Asencio Torres (ed.). Fuentes históricas sobre Colón y América. Libros rarísimos que sacó del olvido, traduciéndolos y dándolos á luz en 1892. Madrid: San Francisco de Sales. p. 253.
^Pané, Ramón (2008). Ángel Rodríguez Álvarez (ed.). Mitologia Taina o Eyeri. Ramón Pané y la Relacion sobre las Antigueades de los Indios: Primer tratado etnográfico hecho en América. San Juan, Puerto Rico: Editorial Nuevo Mundo. pp. 324–5. ISBN978-0-9774940-5-7.
^de las Casas, Bartolomé (1877). José Vigil (ed.). Historia de las Indias, V. 2. Mexico City: Ireneo Paz. pp. 426–30.
^Granberry, Julian; Vescelius, Gary (2004). Languages of the Pre-Columbian Antilles. The University of Alabama Press.
January 01, 1970
ciguayos, spanish, were, group, indigenous, people, inhabited, samaná, peninsula, adjoining, regions, present, dominican, republic, appear, have, predated, agricultural, taíno, inhabited, much, island, ciguayo, spoken, northeastern, coast, magua, region, from,. The Ciguayos Spanish Ciguayos were a group of Indigenous people who inhabited the Samana Peninsula and its adjoining regions in the present day Dominican Republic The Ciguayos appear to have predated the agricultural Taino who inhabited much of the island Ciguayo was spoken on the northeastern coast of the Magua region from Nagua southward to at least the Yuna River and throughout all of the Samana Peninsula Cabo Samana where Columbus encountered the Ciguayos Since the moment of contact early Spanish writers perceived them as a threat and portrayed them flaunting long hair and brandishing bows with poisoned arrows 1 Their archery tradition is linked to the Kalinago or Island Caribs 2 Their legacy has spawned folktales and since the 19th century their memory has been at the center of the Dominican indigenist movement 3 Society and characteristics edit nbsp Magua region They were considered a separate ethnic people that inhabited the Peninsula of Samana and part of the northern coast toward Nagua in what today is the Dominican Republic and by most contemporary accounts differed in language and customs from the classical Taino who lived on the eastern part of the island of Hispaniola then known The ciguayos were physically distinguished from the Tainos because they were taller they painted their bodies with black dye and allowed their hair to grow longer which they adorned with feathers to the entire length according to Bartolome de las Casas Also in the expression of the countenance the ciguayos were more severe than the tainos Their bows were larger and their arrows had poison at the tip They spoke another language that was not the common one of most of the island At the end of the 15th century the ciguayos occupied the Macoris de Arriba mountain ranges of the today Cordillera Septentrional that were then called Ciguay their ruler was Mayobanex Wilson 1990 states that circa 1500 this was the cacicazgo chiefdom of the cacique Guacangari According to Eustaquio Fernandez de Navarrete they were warriors and spirited people gente animosa y guerrera 4 The Cronista de Indias Pedro Martir accused them of cannibalism when they descend from the mountains to wage war on their neighbors they kill and eat some of them trae n origen de los canibales pues cuando de las montanas bajan a lo llano para hacer guerra a sus vecinos si matan a algunos se los comen 5 Language editFray Ramon Pane often dubbed as the first anthropologist of the Caribbean distinguished the Ciguayos language from the rest of those spoken on Hispaniola 6 Bartolome de las Casas who studied the Ciguayos and was one of the few who read Ramon Pane s original work in Spanish provided most of the documentation about this group 7 A single word of Ciguayo was recorded by las Casas tuob meaning gold On the basis of this word Granberry amp Vescelius 2004 hypothesize that the Ciguayo language was related to the Tol language of Honduras and that the Ciguayos originated in Mesoamerica They also suggest that the indigenous name of Hispaniola Kiskeya was Ciguayo in origin and may have meant a very mountainous heavily forested terrain 8 References edit Granberry Julia 1991 Was Ciguayo a West Indian Hokan Language International Journal of American Linguistics 57 4 514 19 doi 10 1086 ijal 57 4 3519737 Salas Julio Cesar 1921 Los Indios caribes estudio sobre el origen del mito de la antropofagia Madrid Talleres Graficos Lux p 55 Garia Bido Rafael 2010 Voces de bohio Vocabulario de la cultura taina Santo Domingo DR Archivo General de la Nacion p 7 ISBN 978 9945 020 95 3 Eustaquio Fernandez de Navarrete in Spanish 1850 Noticias de D Bartolome Colon Hermano del Almirante in Coleccion de Documentos Ineditos Para La Historia de Espana V 16 Madrid Vidua de Calero p 516 Martire d Anghiera Pietro 1892 Joaquin Asencio Torres ed Fuentes historicas sobre Colon y America Libros rarisimos que saco del olvido traduciendolos y dandolos a luz en 1892 Madrid San Francisco de Sales p 253 Pane Ramon 2008 Angel Rodriguez Alvarez ed Mitologia Taina o Eyeri Ramon Pane y la Relacion sobre las Antigueades de los Indios Primer tratado etnografico hecho en America San Juan Puerto Rico Editorial Nuevo Mundo pp 324 5 ISBN 978 0 9774940 5 7 de las Casas Bartolome 1877 Jose Vigil ed Historia de las Indias V 2 Mexico City Ireneo Paz pp 426 30 Granberry Julian Vescelius Gary 2004 Languages of the Pre Columbian Antilles The University of Alabama Press Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ciguayos amp oldid 1222997359, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
