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Christopher Marshall (doctor)

December 18, 2023

Christopher John Marshall FRS FMedSci (19 January 1949 – 8 August 2015[1]) was a British scientist who worked as director of the Division for Cancer Biology at the Institute of Cancer Research.[2] Marshall was distinguished for research in the field of tumour cell signalling. His track record includes the discovery of the N-Ras oncogene[3] , the identification of farnesylation of Ras proteins,[4] and the discovery that Ras signals through the MAPK/ERK pathway.[5] These findings have led to therapeutic development of inhibitors of Ras farnesylation, MEK and B-Raf.

Chris Marshall
Born
Christopher John Marshall

19 January 1949
Died8 August 2015(2015-08-08) (aged 66)
NationalityBritish
Known forWork on RAS and RHO family of small GTPases
AwardsFellow of the Royal Society
Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences
Member of European Molecular Biology Organisation
Royal Society Buchanan Award
Novartis Medal of the Biochemical Society
Sterling Medal of the University of Pennsylvania
Cancer Research UK Life Time Achievement Award
Scientific career
FieldsCancer
Cell biology
InstitutionsCancer Research UK
Institute of Cancer Research

Early life edit

Marshall was born in Birmingham, UK, and educated at the King Henry VIII School, Coventry. He then studied Natural Sciences at the University of Cambridge followed by a DPhil in cell biology at the University of Oxford. His graduate studies were followed by post-doctoral work at the Imperial Cancer Research Fund laboratories at Lincoln's Inn Fields (now part of the Francis Crick Institute) in London and the Dana–Farber Cancer Institute in Boston.[6]

Oncogene research edit

In 1980, Marshall moved to The Institute of Cancer Research in London, and began studies to identify human cancer genes. This work, in collaboration with his colleague Alan Hall, resulted in the identification of NRAS, a new human oncogene.[7] Subsequent work from his laboratory showed that NRAS has important roles in leukaemia and others demonstrated the role of NRAS in melanoma. Following the identification of NRAS, Marshall concentrated on studying how NRAS and the two other RAS genes, HRAS and KRAS, act in cancer. His work in the field of cell signalling showed how RAS and other signalling proteins are involved in transmitting signals from outside of the cell all the way to the cell nucleus.[8] His work laid the foundation for studies that showed the importance of the BRAF cancer gene in melanoma.[9]

At the time of his death,[1] Marshall's laboratory studied the cell signalling mechanisms that allow cancer cells to disseminate through the body. In particular, these studies were focused on signal transduction pathways regulated by Ras and Rho family of small GTPases.[10]

Students and alumni edit

Several post-doctoral fellows and graduate students who trained in Professor Marshall's laboratory have gone on to prestigious positions:

  • Professor Karen Vousden FRS, CRUK Chief Scientist and Group Leader at the Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
  • Professor John Hancock, IBP Chair and Professor, University of Texas Medical School, USA.
  • Professor Alison Lloyd, Professor of Cell Biology, University College London, UK.
  • Professor Richard Marais, Head of Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, UK.
  • Professor Mike Olson, Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK.
  • Professor Erik Sahai, Group Leader, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
  • Professor Victoria Sanz-Moreno, Group Leader, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
  • Dr Faraz Mardakheh, Group Leader, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.

Awards and honours edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b "ICR mourns loss of Research Director Professor Chris Marshall". Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  2. ^ . Cancer Research UK. 8 June 2016. Archived from the original on 31 July 2013. Retrieved 27 February 2013.
  3. ^ Hall, A; Marshall, CJ; Spurr, NK; Weiss, RA (1983). "Identification of transforming gene in two human sarcoma cell lines as a new member of the ras gene family located on chromosome 1". Nature. 303 (5916): 396–400. Bibcode:1983Natur.303..396H. doi:10.1038/303396a0. PMID 6304521. S2CID 4372475.
  4. ^ Hancock, JF; Magee, AI; Childs, JE; Marshall, CJ (June 1989). "All ras proteins are polyisoprenylated but only some are palmitoylated". Cell. 57 (7): 1167–1177. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(89)90054-8. PMID 2661017.
  5. ^ Leevers, SJ; Marshall, CJ (February 1992). "Activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, ERK2, by p21ras oncoprotein". EMBO J. 11 (2): 569–74. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05088.x. PMC 556488. PMID 1371463.
  6. ^ "Chris Marshall, 1949-2015". 19 August 2015.
  7. ^ Marshall, Chris (2015). "From RAS to RHO: The making of the great cell biologist Alan Hall (1952–2015)". The Journal of Cell Biology. 209 (4): 481–483. doi:10.1083/jcb.201505049. PMC 4442819. PMID 25979981.
  8. ^ Marshall, CJ (January 1995). "Specificity of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling: transient versus sustained extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation". Cell. 80 (2): 179–185. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90401-8. PMID 7834738. S2CID 8995643.
  9. ^ Futreal, P. Andrew; Stratton, Michael R.; Wooster, Richard; Marshall, Christopher J.; Marais, Richard; Paterson, Hugh; Darrow, Timothy L.; Seigler, Hilliard F.; Weber, Barbara L.; Yuen, Siu T.; Leung, Suet Y.; Ho, Judy W. C.; Nicholson, Andrew; Flanagan, Adrienne; Cossu, Antonio; Palmieri, Giuseppe; Bigner, Darell D.; Riggins, Gregory J.; Chenevix-Trench, Georgia; Maitland, Norman; Pritchard-Jones, Katherine; Hargrave, Darren; Shipley, Janet; Cooper, Colin; Gusterson, Barry A.; Jayatilake, Hiran; Wilson, Rebecca; Hooper, Steven; Watt, Stephen; et al. (June 2002). "Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer" (PDF). Nature. 417 (6892): 949–954. doi:10.1038/nature00766. PMID 12068308. S2CID 3071547.
  10. ^ . Institute of Cancer Research. Archived from the original on 31 December 2013. Retrieved 27 February 2013.
  11. ^ . Institute of Cancer Research. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 28 January 2009.
  12. ^ . Cancer Research UK. Archived from the original on 1 January 2014. Retrieved 27 February 2013.

December 18, 2023
christopher, marshall, doctor, christopher, john, marshall, fmedsci, january, 1949, august, 2015, british, scientist, worked, director, division, cancer, biology, institute, cancer, research, marshall, distinguished, research, field, tumour, cell, signalling, . Christopher John Marshall FRS FMedSci 19 January 1949 8 August 2015 1 was a British scientist who worked as director of the Division for Cancer Biology at the Institute of Cancer Research 2 Marshall was distinguished for research in the field of tumour cell signalling His track record includes the discovery of the N Ras oncogene 3 the identification of farnesylation of Ras proteins 4 and the discovery that Ras signals through the MAPK ERK pathway 5 These findings have led to therapeutic development of inhibitors of Ras farnesylation MEK and B Raf Chris MarshallBornChristopher John Marshall19 January 1949Died8 August 2015 2015 08 08 aged 66 NationalityBritishKnown forWork on RAS and RHO family of small GTPasesAwardsFellow of the Royal SocietyFellow of the Academy of Medical SciencesMember of European Molecular Biology OrganisationRoyal Society Buchanan AwardNovartis Medal of the Biochemical SocietySterling Medal of the University of PennsylvaniaCancer Research UK Life Time Achievement AwardScientific careerFieldsCancerCell biologyInstitutionsCancer Research UKInstitute of Cancer Research Contents 1 Early life 2 Oncogene research 3 Students and alumni 4 Awards and honours 5 ReferencesEarly life editMarshall was born in Birmingham UK and educated at the King Henry VIII School Coventry He then studied Natural Sciences at the University of Cambridge followed by a DPhil in cell biology at the University of Oxford His graduate studies were followed by post doctoral work at the Imperial Cancer Research Fund laboratories at Lincoln s Inn Fields now part of the Francis Crick Institute in London and the Dana Farber Cancer Institute in Boston 6 Oncogene research editIn 1980 Marshall moved to The Institute of Cancer Research in London and began studies to identify human cancer genes This work in collaboration with his colleague Alan Hall resulted in the identification of NRAS a new human oncogene 7 Subsequent work from his laboratory showed that NRAS has important roles in leukaemia and others demonstrated the role of NRAS in melanoma Following the identification of NRAS Marshall concentrated on studying how NRAS and the two other RAS genes HRAS and KRAS act in cancer His work in the field of cell signalling showed how RAS and other signalling proteins are involved in transmitting signals from outside of the cell all the way to the cell nucleus 8 His work laid the foundation for studies that showed the importance of the BRAF cancer gene in melanoma 9 At the time of his death 1 Marshall s laboratory studied the cell signalling mechanisms that allow cancer cells to disseminate through the body In particular these studies were focused on signal transduction pathways regulated by Ras and Rho family of small GTPases 10 Students and alumni editSeveral post doctoral fellows and graduate students who trained in Professor Marshall s laboratory have gone on to prestigious positions Professor Karen Vousden FRS CRUK Chief Scientist and Group Leader at the Francis Crick Institute London UK Professor John Hancock IBP Chair and Professor University of Texas Medical School USA Professor Alison Lloyd Professor of Cell Biology University College London UK Professor Richard Marais Head of Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute UK Professor Mike Olson Beatson Institute Glasgow UK Professor Erik Sahai Group Leader Francis Crick Institute London UK Professor Victoria Sanz Moreno Group Leader Barts Cancer Institute Queen Mary University of London London UK Dr Faraz Mardakheh Group Leader Barts Cancer Institute Queen Mary University of London London UK Awards and honours editEMBO Member when Elected a Fellow of the Royal Society FRS Elected a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences FMedSci Fellow of the European Academy of Cancer Sciences The Sterling Lecture University of Pennsylvania The Walter Huppert lecture British Association for Cancer Research The CH Li Memorial Lecture University of California Berkeley 1999 Novartis Medal of the Biochemical Society 2008 Buchanan Medal of the Royal Society 2011 Cancer Research UK Lifetime Achievement in Cancer Research Award 11 12 References edit a b ICR mourns loss of Research Director Professor Chris Marshall Retrieved 10 August 2015 Chris Marshall Cancer Research UK 8 June 2016 Archived from the original on 31 July 2013 Retrieved 27 February 2013 Hall A Marshall CJ Spurr NK Weiss RA 1983 Identification of transforming gene in two human sarcoma cell lines as a new member of the ras gene family located on chromosome 1 Nature 303 5916 396 400 Bibcode 1983Natur 303 396H doi 10 1038 303396a0 PMID 6304521 S2CID 4372475 Hancock JF Magee AI Childs JE Marshall CJ June 1989 All ras proteins are polyisoprenylated but only some are palmitoylated Cell 57 7 1167 1177 doi 10 1016 0092 8674 89 90054 8 PMID 2661017 Leevers SJ Marshall CJ February 1992 Activation of extracellular signal regulated kinase ERK2 by p21ras oncoprotein EMBO J 11 2 569 74 doi 10 1002 j 1460 2075 1992 tb05088 x PMC 556488 PMID 1371463 Chris Marshall 1949 2015 19 August 2015 Marshall Chris 2015 From RAS to RHO The making of the great cell biologist Alan Hall 1952 2015 The Journal of Cell Biology 209 4 481 483 doi 10 1083 jcb 201505049 PMC 4442819 PMID 25979981 Marshall CJ January 1995 Specificity of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling transient versus sustained extracellular signal regulated kinase activation Cell 80 2 179 185 doi 10 1016 0092 8674 95 90401 8 PMID 7834738 S2CID 8995643 Futreal P Andrew Stratton Michael R Wooster Richard Marshall Christopher J Marais Richard Paterson Hugh Darrow Timothy L Seigler Hilliard F Weber Barbara L Yuen Siu T Leung Suet Y Ho Judy W C Nicholson Andrew Flanagan Adrienne Cossu Antonio Palmieri Giuseppe Bigner Darell D Riggins Gregory J Chenevix Trench Georgia Maitland Norman Pritchard Jones Katherine Hargrave Darren Shipley Janet Cooper Colin Gusterson Barry A Jayatilake Hiran Wilson Rebecca Hooper Steven Watt Stephen et al June 2002 Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer PDF Nature 417 6892 949 954 doi 10 1038 nature00766 PMID 12068308 S2CID 3071547 Professor Chris Marshall Institute of Cancer Research Archived from the original on 31 December 2013 Retrieved 27 February 2013 Institute Professor Wins Prestigious Science Award Institute of Cancer Research Archived from the original on 11 June 2011 Retrieved 28 January 2009 Chris Marshall wins Lifetime Achievement Award Cancer Research UK Archived from the original on 1 January 2014 Retrieved 27 February 2013 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Christopher Marshall doctor amp oldid 1188808002, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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