Callaway was born in Bristol in 1838 to Lemuel Callaway, an accountant, and Jane Williams, his wife. Intending to become a congregational minister, from 1859 he attended the theological college Cheshunt College, near London.[2] From 1865 to 1868 he was a minister in the nonconformist church at Kirkby Stephen, Westmorland and then at Wellington, Shropshire from 1869 to 1871. During this time he also studied for a number of London University degrees – philosophy, philosophy and political economy, and eventually taking a first-class degree in geology in 1872.[1][2][3]
From 1871 he took jobs at the Bradford Philosophical Society as librarian and museum curator, New York State Museum, Albany at James Hall's invitation (1873–1874) and Sheffield Public Museum until 1876.[3][1][2] Returning to Wellington he married Hannah Maria Clark in 1876 who was music teacher at Hiatt's Ladies' College. Part-time at the college he taught English, history, and science which left time for him to pursue his research interests in paleontology and geology.[1][2][4]
In 1878 he was one of the first people in Britain to be awarded a D.Sc in geology and physical geography.[3][2] He studied the geology of the Shropshire area and, later, that of Anglesey, and played a major part in showing the existence of Precambrian rocks in those places.[6][7][5][8] Wondering whether the Northwest Highlands of Scotland might be Precambrian he visited in 1880 and presented a paper to the Geological Society in which he rejected Roderick Murchison's theory that gneiss was overlying limestone without an intervening unconformity.[9] He considered that the limestone had been deposited over the gneiss which had then been raised to the surface by faulting. He thought the variability and complexity of the highland rock structures made it impossible to accept a theory that there was an overall succession in time of rock strata. He went on to take a major part in the Highlands controversy, generally confirming the work of James Nicol but finding that along a thrust fault from Loch Eriboll to Ullapool Nicol's "igneous rock" was usually Lewisian gneiss, about 300 metres (980 ft) thick, thrust over Ordovician rock.[10][11][12]
Later lifeedit
He retired in 1898 and was awarded the Murchison Medal from the Geological Society of London in 1903.[13][14][15] In retirement he founded the Cheltenham Ethical Society and became an ardent agnostic, contributing to the Agnostic Annual and serving on the editorial board of the Rationalist Press. He died in 1915 and was buried without religious ceremony.[2][4]
^"The Geological Society of London". The Times. No. 36974. London. 10 January 1903. p. 6.
Works citededit
Callaway, Charles (1879). "The Precambrian Rocks of Shropshire.Part I". Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society. 35 (1–4): 643–669. doi:10.1144/GSL.JGS.1879.035.01-04.44. S2CID 129125049.
—— (1880). "Some New Points in the Pre-Cambrian Geology of Anglesey". Geological Magazine. 7 (3): 117–125. Bibcode:1880GeoM....7..117C. doi:10.1017/S0016756800147181. S2CID 131134255.
—— (1881a). "The Archaean Geology of Anglesey". Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society. 37 (1–4): 210–238. doi:10.1144/GSL.JGS.1881.037.01-04.18. S2CID 128496423.
—— (1881b). "The Limestone of Durness and Assynt". Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society. 37 (1–4): 239–245. doi:10.1144/GSL.JGS.1881.037.01-04.20. S2CID 129250736.
—— (1882). "The Precambrian (Archæan) Rocks of Shropshire. Part II". Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society. 38 (1–4): 119–126. doi:10.1144/GSL.JGS.1882.038.01-04.13. S2CID 129935464.
McCabe, Joseph (1920). A Biographical Dictionary of Modern Rationalists. London: Watts and Co. p. 136.
Oldroyd, David R. (1990). The Highlands Controversy : Constructing Geological Knowledge through Fieldwork in Nineteenth-Century Britain. Chicago and London: the University of Chicago press. ISBN0-226-62635-0.
Oldroyd, David (23 September 2004). "Charles Callaeay". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. ref:odnb/61091. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/61091. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
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January 01, 1970
charles, callaway, 1838, september, 1915, english, geologist, born1838bristoldied, 1915, september, 1915cheltenhamoccupationgeologistyears, active1876, 1898, contents, early, life, geological, interests, later, life, also, references, citations, works, citedea. Charles Callaway 1838 29 September 1915 1 was an English geologist Charles CallawayBorn1838BristolDied 1915 09 29 29 September 1915CheltenhamOccupationGeologistYears active1876 1898 Contents 1 Early life 2 Geological interests 3 Later life 4 See also 5 References 5 1 Citations 5 2 Works citedEarly life editCallaway was born in Bristol in 1838 to Lemuel Callaway an accountant and Jane Williams his wife Intending to become a congregational minister from 1859 he attended the theological college Cheshunt College near London 2 From 1865 to 1868 he was a minister in the nonconformist church at Kirkby Stephen Westmorland and then at Wellington Shropshire from 1869 to 1871 During this time he also studied for a number of London University degrees philosophy philosophy and political economy and eventually taking a first class degree in geology in 1872 1 2 3 From 1871 he took jobs at the Bradford Philosophical Society as librarian and museum curator New York State Museum Albany at James Hall s invitation 1873 1874 and Sheffield Public Museum until 1876 3 1 2 Returning to Wellington he married Hannah Maria Clark in 1876 who was music teacher at Hiatt s Ladies College Part time at the college he taught English history and science which left time for him to pursue his research interests in paleontology and geology 1 2 4 Geological interests edit nbsp Callaway s 1881 geological map of Anglesey 5 In 1878 he was one of the first people in Britain to be awarded a D Sc in geology and physical geography 3 2 He studied the geology of the Shropshire area and later that of Anglesey and played a major part in showing the existence of Precambrian rocks in those places 6 7 5 8 Wondering whether the Northwest Highlands of Scotland might be Precambrian he visited in 1880 and presented a paper to the Geological Society in which he rejected Roderick Murchison s theory that gneiss was overlying limestone without an intervening unconformity 9 He considered that the limestone had been deposited over the gneiss which had then been raised to the surface by faulting He thought the variability and complexity of the highland rock structures made it impossible to accept a theory that there was an overall succession in time of rock strata He went on to take a major part in the Highlands controversy generally confirming the work of James Nicol but finding that along a thrust fault from Loch Eriboll to Ullapool Nicol s igneous rock was usually Lewisian gneiss about 300 metres 980 ft thick thrust over Ordovician rock 10 11 12 Later life editHe retired in 1898 and was awarded the Murchison Medal from the Geological Society of London in 1903 13 14 15 In retirement he founded the Cheltenham Ethical Society and became an ardent agnostic contributing to the Agnostic Annual and serving on the editorial board of the Rationalist Press He died in 1915 and was buried without religious ceremony 2 4 See also editMoine Thrust BeltReferences editCitations edit a b c d Richardson 1915 p 525 a b c d e f Oldroyd 2004 a b c Oldroyd 1990 pp 202 203 a b McCabe 1920 p 136 a b Callaway 1881a Callaway 1879 Callaway 1880 Callaway 1882 Callaway 1881b Oldroyd 1990 pp 203 205 Richardson 1915 p 526 Butler Rob Glencoul Sutherland Scotland www geolsoc org uk The Geological Society of London Retrieved 12 March 2021 Richardson 1915 p 527 Murchison Medal www geolsoc org uk Geological Society of London Retrieved 12 March 2021 The Geological Society of London The Times No 36974 London 10 January 1903 p 6 Works cited edit Callaway Charles 1879 The Precambrian Rocks of Shropshire Part I Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society 35 1 4 643 669 doi 10 1144 GSL JGS 1879 035 01 04 44 S2CID 129125049 1880 Some New Points in the Pre Cambrian Geology of Anglesey Geological Magazine 7 3 117 125 Bibcode 1880GeoM 7 117C doi 10 1017 S0016756800147181 S2CID 131134255 1881a The Archaean Geology of Anglesey Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society 37 1 4 210 238 doi 10 1144 GSL JGS 1881 037 01 04 18 S2CID 128496423 1881b The Limestone of Durness and Assynt Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society 37 1 4 239 245 doi 10 1144 GSL JGS 1881 037 01 04 20 S2CID 129250736 1882 The Precambrian Archaean Rocks of Shropshire Part II Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society 38 1 4 119 126 doi 10 1144 GSL JGS 1882 038 01 04 13 S2CID 129935464 McCabe Joseph 1920 A Biographical Dictionary of Modern Rationalists London Watts and Co p 136 Oldroyd David R 1990 The Highlands Controversy Constructing Geological Knowledge through Fieldwork in Nineteenth Century Britain Chicago and London the University of Chicago press ISBN 0 226 62635 0 Oldroyd David 23 September 2004 Charles Callaeay Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online ed Oxford University Press pp ref odnb 61091 doi 10 1093 ref odnb 61091 Subscription or UK public library membership required Richardson Linsdall 1915 Charles Callaway M A D Sc Geological Magazine 2 11 525 528 Bibcode 1915GeoM 2 525R doi 10 1017 S0016756800203701 ISSN 1469 5081 nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Charles Callaway Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Charles Callaway amp oldid 1170541918, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
