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Charles Franklin

Charles Bayly Franklin (13 October 1880 – 19 October 1932) was an engineer and a motorcycle racer. He designed motorcycles for the Indian Motocycle Company, including the original Indian Scout of 1920, the original Indian Chief of 1922, and the Indian 101 Scout of 1928. Prior to this, he had been part of the Indian motorcycle team that won first, second, and third place in the 1911 Isle of Man TT, finishing in second place. Franklin was inducted into the AMA Motorcycle Hall of Fame in 2016.[2]

Charles Bayly Franklin
Franklin on an Indian Motorcycle
Born(1880-10-01)1 October 1880[1]
1 St. Patrick's Villas, Whitworth Road, Drumcondra, Dublin, Ireland[1]
Died19 October 1932(1932-10-19) (aged 52)
71 School Street, Springfield, Massachusetts, US
NationalityIrish
OccupationEngineer
Known forRacing Indian motorcycles at the Isle of Man Tourist Trophy, designing the Indian Scout and Indian Chief motorcycles
NationalityIrish
Motorcycle racing career statistics
Isle of Man TT career
TTs contested7 (1908–1914)
TT wins0
TT podiums1 (1911, Senior TT second place)

Early life edit

Franklin was born on 1 October 1880 to Lorenzo Bruce Clutterbuck Franklin, a shipwright and iron merchant, and his wife, Annie Honor Wrixon, née Bayly.[1] He was born at 1 St. Patrick's Villas, Whitworth Road, Drumcondra, Dublin;[1] which became 18 Whitworth Road after the road was renumbered in 1883 or 1884.[3] Three of his siblings died from scarlet fever in the previous year, and another, a sister, died from the disease and was buried four days after he was born.[1]

Franklin had already survived his own bout of scarlet fever when, in his teens, he contracted pneumonia and nearly died from it. Despite his illnesses, he became his parents' first child to survive to adulthood. Two of his younger brothers would also survive to adulthood.[3]

While at St. Andrew's College, Dublin, in which he enrolled in its foundation year of 1894, he lived with his paternal grandfather, Robert Franklin.[3] Upon leaving St. Andrew's Franklin was accepted into the civil service and began training as an electrical engineer. Upon completion of his training Franklin was appointed to the post of engineer at the power station at Rathmines.[3]

Motorcycling career edit

Ireland (1903–1916) edit

In 1903 Franklin began competing in reliability trials, hill climbs and beach racing.[4] On 24 September 1904 he participated in the Auto Cycle Club's annual race meeting at Crystal Palace, London; his first track event and his first event outside Ireland. He won one of the five heats and finished third in the final.[5] His first motorcycles were Belgian FN single-cylinder machines, which he rode in the reliability trials and beach speed trials in 1903 and 1904[4] and at the 1904 Crystal Palace event.[5] As at May 1905 he had also ridden Humber and Royal Progress motorcycles.[6]

On 29 May 1905, Franklin competed as a private entrant at the Auto Cycle Club's trial on the Isle of Man on a "special" with a JAP V-twin engine in a Chater-Lea frame.[7] The trial was used to select Britain's team for the Coupe International races of 1905.[6] Only Ariel rider J. S. Campbell and Matchless rider (and co-owner) Harry Collier finished the trial; Franklin was selected as the third team member based on his speed and consistency during the trial.[8] His participation in the 1905 Coupe International made him the first Irishman to participate in international motorcycle competition.[9] Franklin competed with the British team in the 1906 Coupe International on another JAP special, this time with Harry Collier and his brother Charlie on Matchlesses.[10]

Discussions during the team's return from the 1906 Coupe International on the shortcomings of the organisation of the race led to the creation of the Isle of Man Tourist Trophy, which was first run the next year.[11] Franklin entered the inaugural 1907 Tourist Trophy, but withdrew his entry two weeks before the race meet.[12]

Franklin entered every Isle of Man T.T. race from 1908 to 1914. When he finished, he finished in the top ten, but he did not finish in 1910 and 1912.[13] His best finish in the Isle of Man T.T. was second place,[13] where he was part of the Indian team that finished first, second, and third.[14]

Franklin began racing Indian motorcycles in 1910, and competed on one in the Tourist Trophy in May of that year.[15] The riders of Indians at that race had persistent tyre problems; Franklin and three other Indian riders had tyre failures and did not finish.[16] That August Franklin left his job at the Rathmines power station and became a dealer in Indian motorcycles.[17] He rode and tuned Indians exclusively from then on. In June 1912 he rode an Indian eight-valve model at Brooklands to become the first man to cover 300 miles in 300 minutes.[18]

Franklin was recruited into the Indian company in late 1914 and tasked with establishment of an Indian depot in Dublin.[19] The depot had opened by May 1915.[20] The imposition of the McKenna duties in September 1915 led to the closing of Indian's Dublin depot in October 1916.[21] Franklin, the manager of the depot, was given a position in the Indian's design department at their headquarters in Massachusetts, and left for the United States in November 1916.[22]

In June 1916, in his last race in Ireland, Franklin rode a Featherweight Model K two-stroke single, winning the prize for best performance by a motorcycle under 300 cc.[23]

United States (1916–1932) edit

Although Franklin has been credited with the design of the 1917 Model O as one of his earliest assignments, it is not known for certain who designed this model and Franklin himself had only been at the factory for three months when it first went on sale at Indian dealerships in February 1917.[24] A lightweight motorcycle with a 15.7 cubic inches (257 cc) flat-twin engine, this model was not successful and went out of production in 1919.[25] Franklin certainly developed a high performance version of Charles Gustafson's Powerplus engine, to the extent that the side-valve engine became the main design used in American high-performance motorcycles, supplanting more expensive overhead valve, multiple valve, and overhead camshaft designs used earlier on racing motorcycles,[26] and persisting well beyond World War II in Class C racing in the United States.[24]

Franklin then designed the 1920 Scout, a mid-sized motorcycle with a 37 cubic inches (610 cc) engine. Design improvements over Indian's larger motorcycles included a gearbox bolted to the engine and driven by helical-cut gears instead of a primary chain. Franklin's 1922 Indian Chief used a larger version of the Scout's drivetrain design.[27][28] Compared to the Powerplus-powered motorcycle it replaced, the Chief had dual camshafts, gear drive similar to that of the Scout, and a wet clutch.[29]

After designing the 1925 Indian Prince, a single-cylinder 21 cubic inches (340 cc) lightweight motorcycle which preceded Harley-Davidson's equivalent single-cylinder models by one year [30] Franklin generally approved Arthur Lemon's development of the Ace four-cylinder motorcycle design, which Indian acquired in 1927,[31] and he redesigned the Scout for 1928. The resulting Indian 401 four-cylinder motorcycle and Indian 101 Scout had the same frame geometry,[32] which, in the lighter 101 Scout, resulted in exceptional handling and stability.[33][34] Franklin later designed a three-wheeled utility vehicle, the 1931 Dispatch Tow, based on the Model 101 frame.[35][36]

Franklin also designed highly successful racing motors in a range of valve configurations from side-valve to overhead-valve (both 2-valve and 4-valve) and overhead-cam.[24]

Death edit

In the second half of 1931 Franklin took a leave of absence from Indian to rest and recover his health, although at first he continued to work from a drawing office at his home. He died from complications due to intestinal cancer during the night of 19 October 1932.[37] He left behind his wife Annie (a.k.a. Nancye),[37] whom he had married in Dublin in July 1907,[38] and his daughter Phyllis, born in Dublin in September 1908.[39] Nancye and Phyllis Franklin had arrived in the United States in May 1920.[40]

Notes edit

  1. ^ a b c d e Sucher et al. 2011, p. 5.
  2. ^ "Charles Franklin at the AMA Motorcycle Hall of Fame". motorcyclemuseum.org. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
  3. ^ a b c d Sucher et al. 2011, p. 6.
  4. ^ a b Sucher et al. 2011, pp. 10, 11, 18–19.
  5. ^ a b Sucher et al. 2011, p. 24.
  6. ^ a b Sucher et al. 2011, p. 25.
  7. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, pp. 25–27.
  8. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, p. 28.
  9. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, p. 30.
  10. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, p. 33.
  11. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, pp. 33–34.
  12. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, p. 37.
  13. ^ a b "TT Database Race Results: C B Franklin". The official Isle of Man TT website. UK: Duke Marketing. Retrieved 30 July 2011.
  14. ^ "TT Database TT 1911 Senior TT Results". The official Isle of Man TT website]. UK: Duke Marketing. Retrieved 30 July 2011.
  15. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, pp. 59–60.
  16. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, p. 61.
  17. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, p. 70.
  18. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, p. 99.
  19. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, pp. 108–109.
  20. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, p. 111.
  21. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, p. 118.
  22. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, p. 119.
  23. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, pp. 115, 128.
  24. ^ a b c Sucher et al. 2011.
  25. ^ Wood 2001, p. 71.
  26. ^ Youngblood 2001, p. 30.
  27. ^ Youngblood 2001, p. 31.
  28. ^ Wilson 1995, p. 104.
  29. ^ Wood 2002a, p. 63.
  30. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, p. 253.
  31. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, p. 282.
  32. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, p. 290.
  33. ^ Wilson 1995, p. 105.
  34. ^ Wood 2002b, p. 79.
  35. ^ Williams 2011, p. 1.
  36. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, p. 303.
  37. ^ a b Sucher et al. 2011, p. 307.
  38. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, p. 38.
  39. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, p. 43.
  40. ^ Sucher et al. 2011, p. 209.

References edit

  • Sucher, Harry V; Pickering, Tim; Diamond, Liam; Havelin, Harry (2011). Franklin's Indians: Irish motorcycle racer Charles B Franklin, designer of the Indian Scout & Chief. Panther Publishing. ISBN 978-0-9564975-5-0.
  • Williams, Greg (March–April 2011). "1936 Indian Dispatch-Tow – Sometimes, three wheels are better than two". Motorcycle Classics. Topeka, Kansas, USA: Ogden Publications. pp. 1–3. Retrieved 30 July 2011. Apparently, Indian took the need seriously, because top designer Charles Franklin drew plans for a three-wheeled vehicle based on the popular Indian 101 Scout chassis, fitted with either a 37-cubic-inch or an optional 45-cubic-inch V-twin engine.
  • Wilson, Hugo (1995). "The A-Z of Motorcycles". The Encyclopedia of the Motorcycle. London: Dorling Kindersley. pp. 104–105. ISBN 0-7513-0206-6.
  • Wood, Bill, ed. (October 2001). "Classics – 1917 Model O". American Motorcyclist. 55 (10). Pickerington OH USA: American Motorcyclist Association]: 71. ISSN 0277-9358. Retrieved 30 July 2011. As it turned out, the Model O was exactly what motorcyclists didn't want. Its small motor didn't excite enthusiasts, and the dropping prices of mass-produced cars effectively destroyed the market for motorcycles as cheap transportation.
  • Wood, Bill, ed. (January 2002a). "Museum Classic: 1923 Indian Big Chief The beginning of a classic". American Motorcyclist. 56 (1). American Motorcyclist Association]. ISSN 0277-9358. Retrieved 13 April 2015.
  • Wood, Bill, ed. (June 2002b). "Museum Classic: 1929 Indian 101 Scout Possibly the best bike Indian ever built". American Motorcyclist. 56 (6). American Motorcyclist Association]. ISSN 0277-9358. Retrieved 13 April 2015.
  • Youngblood, Ed (June 2001). Wood, Bill (ed.). "The Rise and Fall – A Century Later, Looking Back at the Indian Brand". American Motorcyclist. 55 (6). Pickerington OH USA: American Motorcyclist Association]: 28–34. ISSN 0277-9358. Retrieved 30 July 2011. His side-valve racers became the fastest things on the track, utterly defying accepted engineering principles. Indian's side-valve Powerplus-based racers were so good they drove the exotic eight-valve works machines into obsolescence, even forcing arch-rival Harley-Davidson to channel its racing budget toward side-valve engine development.

charles, franklin, other, people, named, disambiguation, charles, bayly, franklin, october, 1880, october, 1932, engineer, motorcycle, racer, designed, motorcycles, indian, motocycle, company, including, original, indian, scout, 1920, original, indian, chief, . For other people named Charles Franklin see Charles Franklin disambiguation Charles Bayly Franklin 13 October 1880 19 October 1932 was an engineer and a motorcycle racer He designed motorcycles for the Indian Motocycle Company including the original Indian Scout of 1920 the original Indian Chief of 1922 and the Indian 101 Scout of 1928 Prior to this he had been part of the Indian motorcycle team that won first second and third place in the 1911 Isle of Man TT finishing in second place Franklin was inducted into the AMA Motorcycle Hall of Fame in 2016 2 Charles Bayly FranklinFranklin on an Indian MotorcycleBorn 1880 10 01 1 October 1880 1 1 St Patrick s Villas Whitworth Road Drumcondra Dublin Ireland 1 Died19 October 1932 1932 10 19 aged 52 71 School Street Springfield Massachusetts USNationalityIrishOccupationEngineerKnown forRacing Indian motorcycles at the Isle of Man Tourist Trophy designing the Indian Scout and Indian Chief motorcyclesNationalityIrishMotorcycle racing career statisticsIsle of Man TT careerTTs contested7 1908 1914 TT wins0TT podiums1 1911 Senior TT second place Contents 1 Early life 2 Motorcycling career 2 1 Ireland 1903 1916 2 2 United States 1916 1932 3 Death 4 Notes 5 ReferencesEarly life editFranklin was born on 1 October 1880 to Lorenzo Bruce Clutterbuck Franklin a shipwright and iron merchant and his wife Annie Honor Wrixon nee Bayly 1 He was born at 1 St Patrick s Villas Whitworth Road Drumcondra Dublin 1 which became 18 Whitworth Road after the road was renumbered in 1883 or 1884 3 Three of his siblings died from scarlet fever in the previous year and another a sister died from the disease and was buried four days after he was born 1 Franklin had already survived his own bout of scarlet fever when in his teens he contracted pneumonia and nearly died from it Despite his illnesses he became his parents first child to survive to adulthood Two of his younger brothers would also survive to adulthood 3 While at St Andrew s College Dublin in which he enrolled in its foundation year of 1894 he lived with his paternal grandfather Robert Franklin 3 Upon leaving St Andrew s Franklin was accepted into the civil service and began training as an electrical engineer Upon completion of his training Franklin was appointed to the post of engineer at the power station at Rathmines 3 Motorcycling career editIreland 1903 1916 edit In 1903 Franklin began competing in reliability trials hill climbs and beach racing 4 On 24 September 1904 he participated in the Auto Cycle Club s annual race meeting at Crystal Palace London his first track event and his first event outside Ireland He won one of the five heats and finished third in the final 5 His first motorcycles were Belgian FN single cylinder machines which he rode in the reliability trials and beach speed trials in 1903 and 1904 4 and at the 1904 Crystal Palace event 5 As at May 1905 he had also ridden Humber and Royal Progress motorcycles 6 On 29 May 1905 Franklin competed as a private entrant at the Auto Cycle Club s trial on the Isle of Man on a special with a JAP V twin engine in a Chater Lea frame 7 The trial was used to select Britain s team for the Coupe International races of 1905 6 Only Ariel rider J S Campbell and Matchless rider and co owner Harry Collier finished the trial Franklin was selected as the third team member based on his speed and consistency during the trial 8 His participation in the 1905 Coupe International made him the first Irishman to participate in international motorcycle competition 9 Franklin competed with the British team in the 1906 Coupe International on another JAP special this time with Harry Collier and his brother Charlie on Matchlesses 10 Discussions during the team s return from the 1906 Coupe International on the shortcomings of the organisation of the race led to the creation of the Isle of Man Tourist Trophy which was first run the next year 11 Franklin entered the inaugural 1907 Tourist Trophy but withdrew his entry two weeks before the race meet 12 Franklin entered every Isle of Man T T race from 1908 to 1914 When he finished he finished in the top ten but he did not finish in 1910 and 1912 13 His best finish in the Isle of Man T T was second place 13 where he was part of the Indian team that finished first second and third 14 Franklin began racing Indian motorcycles in 1910 and competed on one in the Tourist Trophy in May of that year 15 The riders of Indians at that race had persistent tyre problems Franklin and three other Indian riders had tyre failures and did not finish 16 That August Franklin left his job at the Rathmines power station and became a dealer in Indian motorcycles 17 He rode and tuned Indians exclusively from then on In June 1912 he rode an Indian eight valve model at Brooklands to become the first man to cover 300 miles in 300 minutes 18 Franklin was recruited into the Indian company in late 1914 and tasked with establishment of an Indian depot in Dublin 19 The depot had opened by May 1915 20 The imposition of the McKenna duties in September 1915 led to the closing of Indian s Dublin depot in October 1916 21 Franklin the manager of the depot was given a position in the Indian s design department at their headquarters in Massachusetts and left for the United States in November 1916 22 In June 1916 in his last race in Ireland Franklin rode a Featherweight Model K two stroke single winning the prize for best performance by a motorcycle under 300 cc 23 United States 1916 1932 edit Although Franklin has been credited with the design of the 1917 Model O as one of his earliest assignments it is not known for certain who designed this model and Franklin himself had only been at the factory for three months when it first went on sale at Indian dealerships in February 1917 24 A lightweight motorcycle with a 15 7 cubic inches 257 cc flat twin engine this model was not successful and went out of production in 1919 25 Franklin certainly developed a high performance version of Charles Gustafson s Powerplus engine to the extent that the side valve engine became the main design used in American high performance motorcycles supplanting more expensive overhead valve multiple valve and overhead camshaft designs used earlier on racing motorcycles 26 and persisting well beyond World War II in Class C racing in the United States 24 Franklin then designed the 1920 Scout a mid sized motorcycle with a 37 cubic inches 610 cc engine Design improvements over Indian s larger motorcycles included a gearbox bolted to the engine and driven by helical cut gears instead of a primary chain Franklin s 1922 Indian Chief used a larger version of the Scout s drivetrain design 27 28 Compared to the Powerplus powered motorcycle it replaced the Chief had dual camshafts gear drive similar to that of the Scout and a wet clutch 29 After designing the 1925 Indian Prince a single cylinder 21 cubic inches 340 cc lightweight motorcycle which preceded Harley Davidson s equivalent single cylinder models by one year 30 Franklin generally approved Arthur Lemon s development of the Ace four cylinder motorcycle design which Indian acquired in 1927 31 and he redesigned the Scout for 1928 The resulting Indian 401 four cylinder motorcycle and Indian 101 Scout had the same frame geometry 32 which in the lighter 101 Scout resulted in exceptional handling and stability 33 34 Franklin later designed a three wheeled utility vehicle the 1931 Dispatch Tow based on the Model 101 frame 35 36 Franklin also designed highly successful racing motors in a range of valve configurations from side valve to overhead valve both 2 valve and 4 valve and overhead cam 24 Death editIn the second half of 1931 Franklin took a leave of absence from Indian to rest and recover his health although at first he continued to work from a drawing office at his home He died from complications due to intestinal cancer during the night of 19 October 1932 37 He left behind his wife Annie a k a Nancye 37 whom he had married in Dublin in July 1907 38 and his daughter Phyllis born in Dublin in September 1908 39 Nancye and Phyllis Franklin had arrived in the United States in May 1920 40 Notes edit a b c d e Sucher et al 2011 p 5 Charles Franklin at the AMA Motorcycle Hall of Fame motorcyclemuseum org Retrieved 18 January 2018 a b c d Sucher et al 2011 p 6 a b Sucher et al 2011 pp 10 11 18 19 a b Sucher et al 2011 p 24 a b Sucher et al 2011 p 25 Sucher et al 2011 pp 25 27 Sucher et al 2011 p 28 Sucher et al 2011 p 30 Sucher et al 2011 p 33 Sucher et al 2011 pp 33 34 Sucher et al 2011 p 37 a b TT Database Race Results C B Franklin The official Isle of Man TT website UK Duke Marketing Retrieved 30 July 2011 TT Database TT 1911 Senior TT Results The official Isle of Man TT website UK Duke Marketing Retrieved 30 July 2011 Sucher et al 2011 pp 59 60 Sucher et al 2011 p 61 Sucher et al 2011 p 70 Sucher et al 2011 p 99 Sucher et al 2011 pp 108 109 Sucher et al 2011 p 111 Sucher et al 2011 p 118 Sucher et al 2011 p 119 Sucher et al 2011 pp 115 128 a b c Sucher et al 2011 Wood 2001 p 71 Youngblood 2001 p 30 Youngblood 2001 p 31 Wilson 1995 p 104 Wood 2002a p 63 Sucher et al 2011 p 253 Sucher et al 2011 p 282 Sucher et al 2011 p 290 Wilson 1995 p 105 Wood 2002b p 79 Williams 2011 p 1 Sucher et al 2011 p 303 a b Sucher et al 2011 p 307 Sucher et al 2011 p 38 Sucher et al 2011 p 43 Sucher et al 2011 p 209 References editSucher Harry V Pickering Tim Diamond Liam Havelin Harry 2011 Franklin s Indians Irish motorcycle racer Charles B Franklin designer of the Indian Scout amp Chief Panther Publishing ISBN 978 0 9564975 5 0 Williams Greg March April 2011 1936 Indian Dispatch Tow Sometimes three wheels are better than two Motorcycle Classics Topeka Kansas USA Ogden Publications pp 1 3 Retrieved 30 July 2011 Apparently Indian took the need seriously because top designer Charles Franklin drew plans for a three wheeled vehicle based on the popular Indian 101 Scout chassis fitted with either a 37 cubic inch or an optional 45 cubic inch V twin engine Wilson Hugo 1995 The A Z of Motorcycles The Encyclopedia of the Motorcycle London Dorling Kindersley pp 104 105 ISBN 0 7513 0206 6 Wood Bill ed October 2001 Classics 1917 Model O American Motorcyclist 55 10 Pickerington OH USA American Motorcyclist Association 71 ISSN 0277 9358 Retrieved 30 July 2011 As it turned out the Model O was exactly what motorcyclists didn t want Its small motor didn t excite enthusiasts and the dropping prices of mass produced cars effectively destroyed the market for motorcycles as cheap transportation Wood Bill ed January 2002a Museum Classic 1923 Indian Big Chief The beginning of a classic American Motorcyclist 56 1 American Motorcyclist Association ISSN 0277 9358 Retrieved 13 April 2015 Wood Bill ed June 2002b Museum Classic 1929 Indian 101 Scout Possibly the best bike Indian ever built American Motorcyclist 56 6 American Motorcyclist Association ISSN 0277 9358 Retrieved 13 April 2015 Youngblood Ed June 2001 Wood Bill ed The Rise and Fall A Century Later Looking Back at the Indian Brand American Motorcyclist 55 6 Pickerington OH USA American Motorcyclist Association 28 34 ISSN 0277 9358 Retrieved 30 July 2011 His side valve racers became the fastest things on the track utterly defying accepted engineering principles Indian s side valve Powerplus based racers were so good they drove the exotic eight valve works machines into obsolescence even forcing arch rival Harley Davidson to channel its racing budget toward side valve engine development Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Charles Franklin amp oldid 1158739751, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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