Carmen de Burgos y Seguí (pseudonyms, Colombine, Gabriel Luna, Perico el de los Palotes, Raquel, Honorine and Marianela; Almería, December 10, 1867 – Madrid, October 9, 1932) was a Spanish journalist, writer, translator and women's rights activist. Johnson describes her as a "modern" if not "modernist" writer.[1]
She was born in 1867 in Almeria to a middle-class family, in which her father owned a gold mine. Her father José de Burgos Cañizares and her uncle Ferdinand were in charge of the vice-consulate of Portugal in Almeria. Her mother, Nicosia Segui Nieto, had come to the marriage with a substantial inheritance.[2]
Career
She escaped her family when she met Arturo Asterz Bustos. He was fifteen years older than her; he was a poet, writer, and an alcoholic. Her new husband earned money as a typesetter on the family's newspaper, but she quickly discovered that this was to be her work. She and Arturo were unhappily married for 17 years, having four children - of whom only one survived.[3] In 1898 her infant son died and she enrolled at the local college to obtain a teaching certificate. She quickly advanced, and within a year she was qualified to teach primary. By the end of 1898, she was qualified to teach secondary school and by 1900 she was qualified to teach teachers. Armed with her new achievements, she could anticipate employment for life. She and her remaining daughter left her abusive and unfaithful husband and they set up their own house in Guadalajara where her first book was written.[4] During this time she had learnt how to write for a living, she had earned her independence and she had developed a contempt for the institution of marriage.[3] Burgos regarded herself as a feminist but her gender meant that her writings were not included when evaluations were made of Spanish (male) modernism.
However Burgos was nominally creating a number of novels for the "weekly novel" market that was popular at the start of the twentieth century. Burgos's novels however dealt with legal and political themes. Her novels dealt with taboo subjects including male and female homosexuality and transvestism. She highlighted the dual values applied that blamed women who were adulterers whereas men's involvement was forgiven. Women were given responsibility for illegitimate children and the law overlooked the abuse that some women found within their marriages.[5] It has been noted that Burgos raised controversial subjects concerning gender, the law and rights but her writing did not offer a solution.[3] She exposed to the readers the disparity between traditional values of female education and modern life.[5] Burgos however exposed difficult issues as a dramatic event and in 1904 she had led a campaign to improve the availability of divorce.[3]
Recognition
In 1906, Burgos became the first female professional journalist in Spain as editor of Madrid's Diario Universal.[6] She also served as the first president of the International League of Iberian and Latin American Women (Liga Internacional de Mujeres Ibéricas e Hispanoamericanas).[6] During Franco's dictatorship, Burgos was written out of the history books.[2] Following the restoration of democracy she was again recognised and reinstated into the history of women's rights in Spain.[2]
Selected works
Essays and other works
Ensayos literarios, 1900.
Álbum artístico literario del siglo XX, 1901.
Notas del alma, 1901, (colección de coplas populares)
El divorcio en España, 1904.
La mujer en España, 1906.
Por Europa, 1906
La voz de los muertos, 1911
Leopardi, 1911
Misión social de la mujer, 1911
Cartas sin destinatario, 1912
Al balcón, 1913
Impresiones de Argentina, 1914
Confidencias de artistas, 1916
Peregrinaciones, 1917
Mis viajes por Europa, 1917
¿Quiere usted comer bien?, 1917
Fígaro, 1919
La Emperatriz Eugenia, 1920
Hablando con los descendientes, 1929
Gloriosa vida y desdichada muerte de D. Rafael del Riego, 1931.
Los Evangelios y la segunda generación cristiana, 1904
La Iglesia cristiana, 1905
Diez y seis años en Siberia, 1906.
En el mundo de las mujeres, 1906.
El rey sin corona, 1908.
La conquista de un Imperio, 1911.
Los misterios de la india, 1911.
La corona de olivo silvestre, 1911-1913.
Fisiología del placer, 1913.
Las mañanas en Florencia, 1913
Las piedras de Venecia, 1913.
Las siete lámparas de la arquitectura, 1913.
Los pintores modernos. El paisaje, 1913.
Cuentos a Maxa, 1914.
El reposo de San Marcos. Historia de Venecia, 1915.
La Biblia de Amiens, 1916.
La decisión, 1917.
Una idea de parisiense por página, 1917.
La perseverancia, 1919.
Defnis y Cloe, 1910.
Los últimos filibusteros, 1913.
La princesa muda, s.a.
El tío Geromo (Crainqueville).
Cuentistas italianos.
Translations into English
Take Six: Six Spanish Women Writers, edited and translated by Kathryn Phillips-Miles and Simon Deefholts, Dedalus Books, 2022: Contains a selection of her stories in English translation.
References
^Johnson, Roberta (2001). "Carmen de Burgos and Spanish Modernism". South Central Review. Spain Modern and Postmodern at the Millenium. 18 (1/2): 66–77. doi:10.2307/3190302. JSTOR 3190302.
^ abcCarmen der Burgos "La Columbine" April 2, 2015, at the Wayback Machine, turismodealmeria.org. Retrieved March 29, 2015.
^ abcdLouis, Anja (2005). Women and the law: Carmen de Burgos, an early feminist. Woodbridge: Támesis. p. 4. ISBN1855661217.
^Davies, Catherine (2000). Spanish Women's Writings. pp. 117–119. ISBN0567559580.
^ abTurner, Harriet, ed. (2003). The Cambridge companion to the Spanish novel from 1600 to the present ([Online-Ausg.]. ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. p. 160. ISBN0521778158.
^ abSmith, Bonnie G. (2008). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Women in World History. Oxford University Press. p. 601. ISBN978-0-19-514890-9.
Núñez Rey, Concepción (2014). . ARBOR Ciencia, Pensamiento y Cultura (in Spanish). 190 (766). ISSN 0210-1963. Archived from the original (pdf) on June 7, 2014. Retrieved September 5, 2016.
Memorias de Colombine, la primera periodista (ISBN84-923433-1-1) por Utrera, Federico. – Majadahonda: Hijos de Muley-Rubio, 1998. (in Spanish)
Carmen de Burgos Colombine (ISBN84-670-1266-8) por Bravo Cela, Blanca. (in Spanish)
Carmen de Burgos, Colombine (1867–1932). Biografía y obra literaria. Tesis doctoral a cargo de Concepción Núñez Rey. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 1992. (in Spanish)
Ramírez Gómez, Carmen (2000). Mujeres escritoras en la prensa andaluza del siglo XX (1900–1950). Literatura. Vol. 41. Sevilla: Universidad de Sevilla. ISBN9788447205608. (in Spanish)
External links
Works by Carmen de Burgos at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
January 24, 2023
carmen, burgos, seguí, pseudonyms, colombine, gabriel, luna, perico, palotes, raquel, honorine, marianela, almería, december, 1867, madrid, october, 1932, spanish, journalist, writer, translator, women, rights, activist, johnson, describes, modern, modernist, . Carmen de Burgos y Segui pseudonyms Colombine Gabriel Luna Perico el de los Palotes Raquel Honorine and Marianela Almeria December 10 1867 Madrid October 9 1932 was a Spanish journalist writer translator and women s rights activist Johnson describes her as a modern if not modernist writer 1 Carmen de Burgos Portrait by Julio Romero de Torres in 1917 Contents 1 Early years 2 Career 3 Recognition 4 Selected works 5 References 5 1 Bibliography 6 External linksEarly years EditShe was born in 1867 in Almeria to a middle class family in which her father owned a gold mine Her father Jose de Burgos Canizares and her uncle Ferdinand were in charge of the vice consulate of Portugal in Almeria Her mother Nicosia Segui Nieto had come to the marriage with a substantial inheritance 2 Career EditShe escaped her family when she met Arturo Asterz Bustos He was fifteen years older than her he was a poet writer and an alcoholic Her new husband earned money as a typesetter on the family s newspaper but she quickly discovered that this was to be her work She and Arturo were unhappily married for 17 years having four children of whom only one survived 3 In 1898 her infant son died and she enrolled at the local college to obtain a teaching certificate She quickly advanced and within a year she was qualified to teach primary By the end of 1898 she was qualified to teach secondary school and by 1900 she was qualified to teach teachers Armed with her new achievements she could anticipate employment for life She and her remaining daughter left her abusive and unfaithful husband and they set up their own house in Guadalajara where her first book was written 4 During this time she had learnt how to write for a living she had earned her independence and she had developed a contempt for the institution of marriage 3 Burgos regarded herself as a feminist but her gender meant that her writings were not included when evaluations were made of Spanish male modernism However Burgos was nominally creating a number of novels for the weekly novel market that was popular at the start of the twentieth century Burgos s novels however dealt with legal and political themes Her novels dealt with taboo subjects including male and female homosexuality and transvestism She highlighted the dual values applied that blamed women who were adulterers whereas men s involvement was forgiven Women were given responsibility for illegitimate children and the law overlooked the abuse that some women found within their marriages 5 It has been noted that Burgos raised controversial subjects concerning gender the law and rights but her writing did not offer a solution 3 She exposed to the readers the disparity between traditional values of female education and modern life 5 Burgos however exposed difficult issues as a dramatic event and in 1904 she had led a campaign to improve the availability of divorce 3 Recognition EditIn 1906 Burgos became the first female professional journalist in Spain as editor of Madrid s Diario Universal 6 She also served as the first president of the International League of Iberian and Latin American Women Liga Internacional de Mujeres Ibericas e Hispanoamericanas 6 During Franco s dictatorship Burgos was written out of the history books 2 Following the restoration of democracy she was again recognised and reinstated into the history of women s rights in Spain 2 Selected works EditEssays and other worksEnsayos literarios 1900 Album artistico literario del siglo XX 1901 Notas del alma 1901 coleccion de coplas populares El divorcio en Espana 1904 La mujer en Espana 1906 Por Europa 1906 La voz de los muertos 1911 Leopardi 1911 Mision social de la mujer 1911 Cartas sin destinatario 1912 Al balcon 1913 Impresiones de Argentina 1914 Confidencias de artistas 1916 Peregrinaciones 1917 Mis viajes por Europa 1917 Quiere usted comer bien 1917 Figaro 1919 La Emperatriz Eugenia 1920 Hablando con los descendientes 1929 Gloriosa vida y desdichada muerte de D Rafael del Riego 1931 Amadis de Gaula s a NovelsLos inadaptados 1909 La rampa 1917 El ultimo contrabandista 1918 Los anticuarios 1919 El retorno 1922 La malcasada 1923 Los espirituados 1923 La mujer fantastica 1924 7 El tio de todos 1925 Quiero vivir mi vida 1931 Los anticuarios 8 Short storiesEnsayos literarios 1900 Alucinacion 1905 El anhelo El abogado El articulo 438 Cuentos El tesoro del castillo Cuentos de Colombine En la guerra Honor de familia TranslationsHistoria de mi vida muda sorda y ciega 1904 La guerra ruso japonesa 1904 La inferioridad mental de la mujer 1904 Loca por razon de Estado 1904 Los Evangelios y la segunda generacion cristiana 1904 La Iglesia cristiana 1905 Diez y seis anos en Siberia 1906 En el mundo de las mujeres 1906 El rey sin corona 1908 La conquista de un Imperio 1911 Los misterios de la india 1911 La corona de olivo silvestre 1911 1913 Fisiologia del placer 1913 Las mananas en Florencia 1913 Las piedras de Venecia 1913 Las siete lamparas de la arquitectura 1913 Los pintores modernos El paisaje 1913 Cuentos a Maxa 1914 El reposo de San Marcos Historia de Venecia 1915 La Biblia de Amiens 1916 La decision 1917 Una idea de parisiense por pagina 1917 La perseverancia 1919 Defnis y Cloe 1910 Los ultimos filibusteros 1913 La princesa muda s a El tio Geromo Crainqueville Cuentistas italianos Translations into EnglishTake Six Six Spanish Women Writers edited and translated by Kathryn Phillips Miles and Simon Deefholts Dedalus Books 2022 Contains a selection of her stories in English translation References Edit Johnson Roberta 2001 Carmen de Burgos and Spanish Modernism South Central Review Spain Modern and Postmodern at the Millenium 18 1 2 66 77 doi 10 2307 3190302 JSTOR 3190302 a b c Carmen der Burgos La Columbine Archived April 2 2015 at the Wayback Machine turismodealmeria org Retrieved March 29 2015 a b c d Louis Anja 2005 Women and the law Carmen de Burgos an early feminist Woodbridge Tamesis p 4 ISBN 1855661217 Davies Catherine 2000 Spanish Women s Writings pp 117 119 ISBN 0567559580 a b Turner Harriet ed 2003 The Cambridge companion to the Spanish novel from 1600 to the present Online Ausg ed Cambridge Cambridge Univ Press p 160 ISBN 0521778158 a b Smith Bonnie G 2008 The Oxford Encyclopedia of Women in World History Oxford University Press p 601 ISBN 978 0 19 514890 9 Texto de La mujer fantastica en la BNE Texto de Los anticuarios en BNE Bibliography Edit Nunez Rey Concepcion 2014 Un puente entre Espana y Portugal Carmen de Burgos y su amistad con Ana de Castro Osorio ARBOR Ciencia Pensamiento y Cultura in Spanish 190 766 ISSN 0210 1963 Archived from the original pdf on June 7 2014 Retrieved September 5 2016 Memorias de Colombine la primera periodista ISBN 84 923433 1 1 por Utrera Federico Majadahonda Hijos de Muley Rubio 1998 in Spanish Carmen de Burgos Colombine ISBN 84 670 1266 8 por Bravo Cela Blanca in Spanish Carmen de Burgos Colombine 1867 1932 Biografia y obra literaria Tesis doctoral a cargo de Concepcion Nunez Rey Universidad Complutense de Madrid 1992 in Spanish Ramirez Gomez Carmen 2000 Mujeres escritoras en la prensa andaluza del siglo XX 1900 1950 Literatura Vol 41 Sevilla Universidad de Sevilla ISBN 9788447205608 in Spanish External links EditWorks by Carmen de Burgos at LibriVox public domain audiobooks Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Carmen de Burgos amp oldid 1078900689, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
