Carl Christopher Georg Andræ (14 October 1812 – 2 February 1893) was a Danish politician and mathematician. From 1842 until 1854, he was professor of mathematics and mechanics at the national military college. He was elected to the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters in 1853. Andræ was by royal appointment a member of the 1848 Danish Constituent Assembly. In 1854, he became Finance Minister in the Cabinet of Bang before also becoming Council President of Denmark 1856-1857 as leader of the Cabinet of Andræ. After being replaced as Council President by Carl Christian Hall in 1857 Andræ continued as Finance Minister in the Cabinet of Hall I until 1858. Being an individualist he, after the defeat of the National Liberals, never formally joined any political group but remained for the rest of his life a sceptical de facto conservative spectator of the 'Constitutional Struggle'.
Carl Christoffer Georg Andræ
Carl Christoffer Georg Andræ sometime between 1872 and 1885
Andræ was born in Hjertebjerg Rectory on the island of Møn. His parents were captain at the Third Jutland Infantry Regiment Johann Georg Andræ (1775–1814) Nicoline Christine Holm (1789–1862).[1]
He enrolled at Landkadetakademiet in 1825. In 1829, he was appointed to Second Lieutenant in the Road Corps. He followed a course in mathematics under Hans Christian Ørsted at the College of Applied Sciences before enrolling at the new Militære Højskole[clarification needed] in 1830. He graduated with honours in December 1834 and was then made a First Lieutenant in the Engineering Corps. He completed two study trips to Paris in 1835–38, and he made significant contributions to the field of geodesy.[1]
Single transferable voteEdit
Andræ developed a ranked voting system of what is now called the single transferable vote (STV), which was used in Danish elections from 1855.[2] This was two years before Thomas Hare published his first description of an STV system, without reference to Andræ.[2] Though thoroughly convinced of the soundness of his method of electing representatives and ready to defend it in the cabinet or the parliament, he made no effort to bring it to the attention of scientific men and statesmen in other countries, much less to defend his claim as an inventor.
Personal lifeEdit
In 1842, Andræ married Hansine Pouline Schack, an early feminist, who commented on his political views in her diaries, published from 1914 to 1920 as Geheimeraadinde Andræs politiske Dagbøger.[3]
He died on 2 February 1893. He is buried in Assistens Cemetery in Copenhagen.
^ abHomeshaw, Judith (2001). "Inventing Hare-Clark: The model arithmetocracy". In Marian Sawer (ed.). Elections: Full, Free & Fair Editor. Federation Press. pp. 97–98. ISBN186287395X.
^Vammen, Tinne. "Hansine Andræ (1817 - 1898)" (in Danish). Kvinfo. Retrieved 5 August 2017.
Zachariæ, G. (1887–1905). "Andræ, Carl Christopher Georg". In Carl Frederik Bricka (ed.). Dansk biografisk Lexikon (in Danish). Vol. I (Aaberg–Beaumelle). Runeberg. pp. 258–264. Retrieved 9 September 2013.
carl, christoffer, georg, andræ, carl, christopher, georg, andræ, october, 1812, february, 1893, danish, politician, mathematician, from, 1842, until, 1854, professor, mathematics, mechanics, national, military, college, elected, royal, danish, academy, scienc. Carl Christopher Georg Andrae 14 October 1812 2 February 1893 was a Danish politician and mathematician From 1842 until 1854 he was professor of mathematics and mechanics at the national military college He was elected to the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters in 1853 Andrae was by royal appointment a member of the 1848 Danish Constituent Assembly In 1854 he became Finance Minister in the Cabinet of Bang before also becoming Council President of Denmark 1856 1857 as leader of the Cabinet of Andrae After being replaced as Council President by Carl Christian Hall in 1857 Andrae continued as Finance Minister in the Cabinet of Hall I until 1858 Being an individualist he after the defeat of the National Liberals never formally joined any political group but remained for the rest of his life a sceptical de facto conservative spectator of the Constitutional Struggle Carl Christoffer Georg AndraeCarl Christoffer Georg Andrae sometime between 1872 and 1885Council President of DenmarkIn office 18 October 1856 13 May 1857MonarchFrederick VIIPreceded byPeter Georg BangSucceeded byCarl Christian HallPersonal detailsBorn 1812 10 14 14 October 1812Hjertebjerg DenmarkDied2 February 1893 1893 02 02 aged 80 Copenhagen Denmark Contents 1 Early life and education 2 Single transferable vote 3 Personal life 4 Notes 5 External links 6 ReferencesEarly life and education EditAndrae was born in Hjertebjerg Rectory on the island of Mon His parents were captain at the Third Jutland Infantry Regiment Johann Georg Andrae 1775 1814 Nicoline Christine Holm 1789 1862 1 He enrolled at Landkadetakademiet in 1825 In 1829 he was appointed to Second Lieutenant in the Road Corps He followed a course in mathematics under Hans Christian Orsted at the College of Applied Sciences before enrolling at the new Militaere Hojskole clarification needed in 1830 He graduated with honours in December 1834 and was then made a First Lieutenant in the Engineering Corps He completed two study trips to Paris in 1835 38 and he made significant contributions to the field of geodesy 1 Single transferable vote EditAndrae developed a ranked voting system of what is now called the single transferable vote STV which was used in Danish elections from 1855 2 This was two years before Thomas Hare published his first description of an STV system without reference to Andrae 2 Though thoroughly convinced of the soundness of his method of electing representatives and ready to defend it in the cabinet or the parliament he made no effort to bring it to the attention of scientific men and statesmen in other countries much less to defend his claim as an inventor Personal life EditIn 1842 Andrae married Hansine Pouline Schack an early feminist who commented on his political views in her diaries published from 1914 to 1920 as Geheimeraadinde Andraes politiske Dagboger 3 He died on 2 February 1893 He is buried in Assistens Cemetery in Copenhagen Notes Edit a b C G Andrae Dansk Biografisk Leksikon in Danish Retrieved 5 August 2018 a b Homeshaw Judith 2001 Inventing Hare Clark The model arithmetocracy In Marian Sawer ed Elections Full Free amp Fair Editor Federation Press pp 97 98 ISBN 186287395X Vammen Tinne Hansine Andrae 1817 1898 in Danish Kvinfo Retrieved 5 August 2017 External links EditAuthor profile in the database zbMATHReferences EditZachariae G 1887 1905 Andrae Carl Christopher Georg In Carl Frederik Bricka ed Dansk biografisk Lexikon in Danish Vol I Aaberg Beaumelle Runeberg pp 258 264 Retrieved 9 September 2013 Political officesPreceded by Speaker of the Folketing30 January 1850 3 August 1852 Succeeded byJohan Nicolai MadvigPreceded byWilhelm Sponneck Finance Minister of Denmark12 December 1854 10 July 1858 Succeeded byAndreas Frederik KriegerPreceded byPeter Georg Bang Council President of Denmark18 October 1856 13 May 1857 Succeeded byCarl Christian Hall Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Carl Christoffer Georg Andrae amp oldid 1122236214, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
