Cambridge Pulmonary Hypertension Outcome Review

The Cambridge Pulmonary Hypertension Outcome Review (CAMPHOR) is a disease specific patient-reported outcome measure which assesses quality of life of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH).^[1] It was the first pulmonary hypertension specific questionnaire for assessing patient reported symptoms, quality of life and functioning.^[2]

History

The CAMPHOR questionnaire was developed by Galen Research in 2006^[3] to allow for cost-utility analyses for treatments of PH.^[4] The theoretical basis for the CAMPHOR is the needs-based model of quality of life, which states that quality of life is highest when an individual has the ability and capacity to satisfy their own needs.^[5]

Properties

The CAMPHOR is made up of 3 main dimensions which assess symptoms, functioning and quality of life (QoL).^[6] The symptom dimension is made up of 25 symptoms and is broken up into 3 subscales: energy, breathlessness and mood. The QoL scale has 25 items which focus on socialization, role, acceptance, self-esteem, independence, and security. The activity scale has 15 items. Response options include true and not true. Scores for QoL and symptoms range from 0–25, with higher scores indicating worse quality of life. Activity scores range from 0–30, with higher scores indicating more physical limitations.^[7]

Language Adaptations and Validations

Since the development of the CAMPHOR, it has been translated and validated into fourteen different languages,^[8] including Australian and New Zealand English,^[9] German^[10] and Swedish.^[11]

Use in Clinical Trials

The Cambridge Pulmonary Hypertension Outcome Review has been a useful tool in clinical trials as it allows researchers to assess whether new medication or therapy is effective. The CAMPHOR has been utilized in clinical trials which investigate the effects of treprostinil,^[12][13] as well as trials which investigate sildenafil.^[14][15]

References

1. McKenna, Stephen P.; Ratcliffe, Julie; Meads, David M.; Brazier, John E. (21 August 2008). "Development and validation of a preference based measure derived from the Cambridge Pulmonary Hypertension Outcome Review (CAMPHOR) for use in cost utility analyses" (PDF). Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 6 (65): 65. doi:10.1186/1477-7525-6-65. PMC 2546377. PMID 18718016. Retrieved 2 October 2013.  
2. Pope, Janet (November 2011). "Measures of Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)". Arthritis Care & Research. 63 (S11): S98–S111. doi:10.1002/acr.20598. PMID 22588774.
3. McKenna, S.P.; Doughty, N.; Meads, D.M.; Doward, L.C.; Pepke-Zaba, J. (2006). "The Cambridge Pulmonary Hypertension Outcome Review (CAMPHOR): A measure of health-related quality of life and quality of life for patients with pulmonary hypertension". Quality of Life Research. 15 (1): 103–115. doi:10.1007/s11136-005-3513-4. PMID 16411035. S2CID 23830883.
4. Meads, D.M.; McKenna, S.P.; Doughty, N.; Das, C.; Gin-Sing, W.; Langley, J.; Pepke-Zaba, J. (3 September 2008). "The responsiveness and validity of the CAMPHOR Utility Index". European Respiratory Journal. 32 (6): 1513–1519. doi:10.1183/09031936.00069708. PMID 18768576.
5. Hunt, Sonja M.; McKenna, Stephen P. (October 1992). "The QLDS: A scale for the measurement of quality of life in depression". Health Policy. 22 (3): 307–319. doi:10.1016/0168-8510(92)90004-U. PMID 10122730.
6. McKenna, Stephen P.; Ratcliffe, Julie; Meads, David M; Brazier, John E. (2008). "Development and validation of a preference based measure derived from the Cambridge Pulmonary Hypertension Outcome Review (CAMPHOR) for use in cost utility analyses". Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 6 (65): 1–8. doi:10.1186/1477-7525-6-65. PMC 2546377. PMID 18718016.  
7. Matura, Lee Ann; McDonough, Annette; Carroll, Diane L. (13 November 2012). "Health-Related Quality of Life and Psychological States in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension". Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. 29 (2): 178–184. doi:10.1097/JCN.0b013e318275330d. PMID 23151837. S2CID 21989256.
8. "Measures Database". Galen-Research.com. Galen Research. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
9. Ganderton, Louise; Jenkins, Sue; McKenna, Stephen P.; Gain, Kevin; Fowler, Robin; Twiss, James; Gabbay, Eli (November 2011). "Validation of the Cambridge Pulmonary Hypertension Outcome Review (CAMPHOR) for the Australian and New Zealand population". Respirology. 16 (8): 1235–1240. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1843.2011.02030.x. PMID 21810146. S2CID 205481670.
10. Cima, Katharina; Twiss, James; Speich, Rudolf; McKenna, Stephen P.; Grunig, Ekkehard; Kahler, Christian M.; Ehlken, Nicola; Treder, Ursula; Crawford, Sigrid R.; Huber, Lars C.; Ulrich, Silvia (September 2012). "The German adaptation of the Cambridge pulmonary hypertension outcome review (CAMPHOR)". Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 10 (110): 110. doi:10.1186/1477-7525-10-110. PMC 3492159. PMID 22971041.  
11. Selimovic, Nedim; Rundqvist, Bengt; Kjork, Ewa; Viriden, Johan; Twiss, James; McKenna, Stephen P. (December 2012). "Adaptation and validation of the Cambridge pulmonary hypertension outcome review for Sweden". Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. 40 (8): 777–783. doi:10.1177/1403494812464445. PMID 23117210. S2CID 30195739.
12. Channick, Richard N.; Voswinckel, Robert; Rubin, Lewis J. (24 January 2012). "Inhaled treprostinil: a therapeutic review". Drug Design, Development and Therapy. 6: 19–28. doi:10.2147/DDDT.S19281. PMC 3267519. PMID 22291467.
13. Chen, Hubert; Rosenzweig, Erika B.; Gotzkowsky, S Karl; Arneson, Carl; Nelsen, Andrew C.; Bourge, Robert C. (2013). "Treatment satisfaction is associated with improved quality of life in patients treated with inhaled treprostinil for pulmonary arterial hypertension". Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 11 (31): 1–8. doi:10.1186/1477-7525-11-31. PMC 3610124. PMID 23496856.  
14. Tay, Edgar L.W.; Papaphylactou, Maria; Diller, Gerhard Paul; Alonso-Gonzalez, Rafael; Inuzuka, Ryo; Giannakoulas, Georgios; Harries, Carl; Wort, Stephen John; Swan, Lorna; Dimopoulos, Konstantinos; Gatzoulis, Michael A. (16 June 2011). "Quality of life and functional capacity can be improved in patients with Eisenmenger syndrome with oral sildenafil therapy". International Journal of Cardiology. 149 (3): 372–376. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.02.020. PMID 20304507.
15. Suntharalingam, Jay; Treacy, Carmen M.; Doughty, Natalie J.; Goldsmith, Kimberley; Soon, Elaine; Toshner, Mark R.; Sheares, Karen K.; Hughes, Rodney; Morrell, Nicholas W.; Pepke-Zaba, Joanna (2008). "Long-term Use of Sildenafil in Inoperable Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension". Chest. 134 (2): 229–236. doi:10.1378/chest.07-2681. PMID 18263674. Retrieved 2 October 2013.