Bryan Charnley (20 September 1949 – 19 July 1991)[1] was a British artist who had paranoid schizophrenia,[2][3] and explored its effects in his work. He committed suicide in July 1991.[2]
Bryan Charnley
Self Portrait #13 (1991); oil on canvas, 51 x 51 cm
Bryan John Charnley was born on 20 September 1949 in Stockton-on-Tees. With his twin brother he grew up in London, Chislehurst, in Kent, Cranfield, where his father worked as a Senior Lecturer, and finally in Bromham near Bedford. In the summer of 1968, aged 18, he had a nervous breakdown but was able to study at Leicester School of Art later that year. In 1969, Charnley gained a place at the Central School of Art and Design in Holborn, London, but was unable to complete the course due to another breakdown that was later diagnosed as acute schizophrenia.
From 1971 until 1977 he lived at home with his parents between periods of hospitalisation and treatment including electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). In 1978 he moved to Bedford and began painting.
Charnley's work during this period drew heavily on photo-realism, then enjoying popularity in America, rather than the conceptual art that was fashionable in the London art scene, and he produced many large-scale paintings of flowers.[4] However, Charnley was also interested in the work of fellow British artist Bridget Riley, in whose work he saw a 'cool discipline' combined with a strong emotional charge.[5]
Relationship with Pam Jones
In 1982, Charnley painted a double portrait of himself and his partner Pam, in what has been called "the high point of Charnley's photorealistic early period".[6] The composition and treatment demonstrates Charnley's interest in the work of David Hockney.[7] Five years later, Pam, who also experienced mental illness, attempted suicide by jumping out of a window. Though she survived, her spine was badly damaged. Charnley's trauma is explored in his painting of the same year, Leaving by the Window.[8]
Stylistic development
Charnley had been exploring his inner life through painting since at least 1982, particularly addressing the experience of schizophrenia. Writing in 1988, Charnley said he had "found [himself] on an interior journey in which landscape and subject were subsumed to inner vision".[9] However, from 1987 onwards, he increasingly drew on Sigmund Freud's theories about dreams, using elaborate symbolism to convey his mental state.[10]
In 1984 four of his paintings were purchased by the Bethlem Royal Hospital for their permanent collection. During this period, Charnley also studied the work of other artists held in the Bethlem collection, notably William Kurelek and Louis Wain, whose work "seemed to me to have a power to move far beyond that expected of the patient as an artist. Here I saw art stripped of all esoteric and conceptual pretensions".[11] Charnley's elaborately symbolist work from this period includes To the Farm (1987), Grey Self-Portrait (1986), and Brooch Schizophrene (1987), paintings that have also since been acquired by Bethlem Museum of the Mind.[12]
Charnley had a solo exhibition at the Dryden Street Gallery, Covent Garden in London 1989, and exhibited two paintings at the Visions exhibition at the Royal College of Art in 1990, curated by Aiden Shingler.[13] However, he still struggled to make a living from his art.
Final works and death
Charnley was frustrated by his apparent lack of success in the art market, and what recognition he received was outweighed by the day to day problems of his illness and the heavy medication he was prescribed to counter it. These factors contributed to his decision early in 1991 to paint a series of self portraits chronicling his experience as he reduced his medication. The journalist and CEO of SANE, Marjorie Wallace, encouraged Charnley to keep a diary of his progress.[14] Charnley made the diary an integral part of the portraits using the text to explain the imagery he was using and to describe his existential state.[15] The Self Portrait Series consists of seventeen paintings. There is debate as to whether the last painting is incomplete due to the presence of a date in the lower right corner. Marjorie Wallace's article on Charnley's Self Portraits was published in the Telegraph Magazine in December 1991. He may have been partially influenced by Louis Wain's Kaleidoscope Cats, held in the collection of Bethlem Museum of the Mind, which are (incorrectly) thought to chart the progress of Wain's mental disorder.[16] In July 1991, he killed himself.[17]
Exhibitions
Bryan Charnley, Dryden Street Gallery, London, 1989
Visions, Royal College of Art, London 1990 (group exhibition)
Crossing the Border, Harris Art Gallery and Museum, Preston 1995
^Robert Howard (October 2001). Psychiatry in pictures. The British Journal of Psychiatry 179 (4): A14. doi:10.1192/bjp.179.4.0.
^"Bryan Charnley". www.bryancharnley.info. Retrieved 19 November 2017. Content in this article was copied from this source, which is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 (Unported) (CC-BY-SA 3.0) license.
^Kirsten Tambling, 'Bryan Charnley: the Art of Schizophrenia' (Beckenham: Bethlem Museum of the Mind, exh. cat., 2015)
Further reading
James Charnley (2018). "Bryan Charnley: Art & Adversity", Manchester, i2i Publishing ISBN978-1-9999129-9-4
Kirsten Tambling (2015). Bryan Charnley: the Art of Schizophrenia (exhibition catalogue). Beckenham: Bethlem Museum of the Mind. Catalogue of an exhibition at Bethlem Museum of the Mind, 12 February - 22 May 2015.
Robert Howard (October 2001). Psychiatry in pictures. The British Journal of Psychiatry179 (4): A14.
Website of the Estate of Bryan Charnley
January 06, 2023
bryan, charnley, september, 1949, july, 1991, british, artist, paranoid, schizophrenia, explored, effects, work, committed, suicide, july, 1991, self, portrait, 1991, canvas, cmborn20, september, 1949died19, july, 1991, aged, nationalitybritisheducationcentral. Bryan Charnley 20 September 1949 19 July 1991 1 was a British artist who had paranoid schizophrenia 2 3 and explored its effects in his work He committed suicide in July 1991 2 Bryan CharnleySelf Portrait 13 1991 oil on canvas 51 x 51 cmBorn20 September 1949Died19 July 1991 aged 41 NationalityBritishEducationCentral School of Art and DesignWebsitebryancharnley wbr info Contents 1 Early life and flower paintings 2 Relationship with Pam Jones 3 Stylistic development 4 Final works and death 5 Exhibitions 6 Gallery 7 References 8 Further readingEarly life and flower paintings EditBryan John Charnley was born on 20 September 1949 in Stockton on Tees With his twin brother he grew up in London Chislehurst in Kent Cranfield where his father worked as a Senior Lecturer and finally in Bromham near Bedford In the summer of 1968 aged 18 he had a nervous breakdown but was able to study at Leicester School of Art later that year In 1969 Charnley gained a place at the Central School of Art and Design in Holborn London but was unable to complete the course due to another breakdown that was later diagnosed as acute schizophrenia From 1971 until 1977 he lived at home with his parents between periods of hospitalisation and treatment including electroconvulsive therapy ECT In 1978 he moved to Bedford and began painting Charnley s work during this period drew heavily on photo realism then enjoying popularity in America rather than the conceptual art that was fashionable in the London art scene and he produced many large scale paintings of flowers 4 However Charnley was also interested in the work of fellow British artist Bridget Riley in whose work he saw a cool discipline combined with a strong emotional charge 5 Relationship with Pam Jones EditIn 1982 Charnley painted a double portrait of himself and his partner Pam in what has been called the high point of Charnley s photorealistic early period 6 The composition and treatment demonstrates Charnley s interest in the work of David Hockney 7 Five years later Pam who also experienced mental illness attempted suicide by jumping out of a window Though she survived her spine was badly damaged Charnley s trauma is explored in his painting of the same year Leaving by the Window 8 Stylistic development EditCharnley had been exploring his inner life through painting since at least 1982 particularly addressing the experience of schizophrenia Writing in 1988 Charnley said he had found himself on an interior journey in which landscape and subject were subsumed to inner vision 9 However from 1987 onwards he increasingly drew on Sigmund Freud s theories about dreams using elaborate symbolism to convey his mental state 10 In 1984 four of his paintings were purchased by the Bethlem Royal Hospital for their permanent collection During this period Charnley also studied the work of other artists held in the Bethlem collection notably William Kurelek and Louis Wain whose work seemed to me to have a power to move far beyond that expected of the patient as an artist Here I saw art stripped of all esoteric and conceptual pretensions 11 Charnley s elaborately symbolist work from this period includes To the Farm 1987 Grey Self Portrait 1986 and Brooch Schizophrene 1987 paintings that have also since been acquired by Bethlem Museum of the Mind 12 Charnley had a solo exhibition at the Dryden Street Gallery Covent Garden in London 1989 and exhibited two paintings at the Visions exhibition at the Royal College of Art in 1990 curated by Aiden Shingler 13 However he still struggled to make a living from his art Final works and death EditCharnley was frustrated by his apparent lack of success in the art market and what recognition he received was outweighed by the day to day problems of his illness and the heavy medication he was prescribed to counter it These factors contributed to his decision early in 1991 to paint a series of self portraits chronicling his experience as he reduced his medication The journalist and CEO of SANE Marjorie Wallace encouraged Charnley to keep a diary of his progress 14 Charnley made the diary an integral part of the portraits using the text to explain the imagery he was using and to describe his existential state 15 The Self Portrait Series consists of seventeen paintings There is debate as to whether the last painting is incomplete due to the presence of a date in the lower right corner Marjorie Wallace s article on Charnley s Self Portraits was published in the Telegraph Magazine in December 1991 He may have been partially influenced by Louis Wain s Kaleidoscope Cats held in the collection of Bethlem Museum of the Mind which are incorrectly thought to chart the progress of Wain s mental disorder 16 In July 1991 he killed himself 17 Exhibitions EditBryan Charnley Dryden Street Gallery London 1989 Visions Royal College of Art London 1990 group exhibition Crossing the Border Harris Art Gallery and Museum Preston 1995 Bryan Charnley Self Portrait Face to Face with Schizophrenia National Portrait Gallery 1995 18 Bryan Charnley The Art of Schizophrenia Bethlem Museum of the Mind 2015 19 Gallery Edit Clown in a Landscape 1983 oil on canvas 40 x 50 cm Jealousy oil on canvas 76 x 101 cmReferences Edit The World of Bryan Charnley Schiz Life www schizlife com 18 February 2013 Retrieved 9 December 2017 a b Robert Howard October 2001 Psychiatry in pictures The British Journal of Psychiatry 179 4 A14 doi 10 1192 bjp 179 4 0 Artists Bryan Charnley SANE Archived 1 October 2015 Kirsten Tambling Bryan Charnley the Art of Schizophrenia Beckenham Bethlem Museum of the Mind exh cat 2015 p 9 Kirsten Tambling Bryan Charnley the Art of Schizophrenia Beckenham Bethlem Museum of the Mind exh cat 2015 pp 24 26 Kirsten Tambling Bryan Charnley the Art of Schizophrenia Beckenham Bethlem Museum of the Mind exh cat 2015 p 12 Kirsten Tambling Bryan Charnley the Art of Schizophrenia Beckenham Bethlem Museum of the Mind exh cat 2015 p 12 Kirsten Tambling Bryan Charnley the Art of Schizophrenia Beckenham Bethlem Museum of the Mind exh cat 2015 p 15 Artist s Statement 1988 reproduced at https www bryancharnley info statement Notes provided by James Charnley to the National Portrait Gallery London January 1992 held in the Heinz Archive Artist s Statement 1988 reproduced at https www bryancharnley info statement Bryan Charnley at ArtUK https artuk org discover artists charnley bryan 19491991 StarDisc Creator Aidan Shingler Marjorie Wallace Bryan Charnley Telegraph Magazine 7 December 1991 Self Portrait Series 19th July 1991 Bryan Charnley Two Men and Eight Cats lecture by Dr David O Flynn available on YouTube https www youtube com watch v KTwbTgX imE Robert Howard October 2001 Psychiatry in pictures The British Journal of Psychiatry 179 4 A14 doi 10 1192 bjp 179 4 0 Bryan Charnley www bryancharnley info Retrieved 19 November 2017 Content in this article was copied from this source which is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 3 0 Unported CC BY SA 3 0 license Kirsten Tambling Bryan Charnley the Art of Schizophrenia Beckenham Bethlem Museum of the Mind exh cat 2015 Further reading EditJames Charnley 2018 Bryan Charnley Art amp Adversity Manchester i2i Publishing ISBN 978 1 9999129 9 4 Kirsten Tambling 2015 Bryan Charnley the Art of Schizophrenia exhibition catalogue Beckenham Bethlem Museum of the Mind Catalogue of an exhibition at Bethlem Museum of the Mind 12 February 22 May 2015 Robert Howard October 2001 Psychiatry in pictures The British Journal of Psychiatry 179 4 A14 Website of the Estate of Bryan Charnley Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bryan Charnley amp oldid 1118574838, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
