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British Rail Class 45

March 05, 2023

The British Rail Class 45 or Sulzer Type 4 are diesel locomotives built by British Railways' Derby and Crewe Works between 1960 and 1962. Along with the similar Class 44 and 46 locomotives, they became known as Peaks.

Derby Type 4
British Rail Class 45
45054 heads south from Loughborough on the Midland Main Line with a train for London St Pancras, July 1975
Type and origin
Power typeDiesel-electric
BuilderBritish Railways' Derby Works and Crewe Works
Build date1960–1962
Total produced127
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • UIC(1′Co)(Co1′)
 • Commonwealth1Co-Co1
Wheel diameter3 ft 9 in (1.143 m)
Minimum curve5 chains (100 m)
Wheelbase59 ft 8 in (18.19 m)
Length67 ft 11 in (20.70 m)
Width8 ft 10+1⁄2 in (2.71 m)
Height12 ft 10 in (3.91 m)
Loco weight133 long tons (135 t; 149 short tons)
Fuel capacity840 imp gal (3,800 l; 1,010 US gal)
Prime moverSulzer 12LDA28-B
Engine typefour stroke 12 cylinder double bank
Displacement12× 22 litres (1,300 cu in) per cylinder,
or 264 litres (16,100 cu in) total
GeneratorCrompton Parkinson
Traction motorsCrompton Parkinson
Cylinders12
Cylinder size280 mm × 360 mm (11.024 in × 14.173 in), bore × stroke
MU working★ Blue Star
Train heating45/0: Steam
45/1: Electric Train Heat
Loco brakeAir
Train brakesVacuum and Air
Performance figures
Maximum speed90 mph (145 km/h)
Power outputEngine: 2,500 bhp (1,864 kW)
At rail: 2,000 hp (1,491 kW)
Tractive effortMaximum: 55,000 lbf (245 kN)
Brakeforce63 long tons-force (628 kN)
Career
OperatorsBritish Railways
NumbersD11–D137; later 45001–45077, 45101–45150
NicknamesPeak
Axle load classRoute availability 7
Withdrawn1981-1989
DispositionEleven preserved, remainder scrapped

History

Distribution of locomotives,
March 1974[1]
 
 
CW
 
HO
 
TO
Code Name Quantity
CW Cricklewood 11
HO Holbeck 39
TO Toton 77
Total: 127

The Class 45s became the main traction on the Midland Main Line from 1962, and their introduction allowed considerable acceleration of the previous steam-powered service. The Class 45s remained the main source of power on the Midland Main Line up to 1982, when they were relegated to secondary services following introduction of HSTs on the route. From 1986 Class 45s virtually disappeared from the line.[2][page needed] From the early 1980s until their withdrawal c.1988, the class were regular performers on the North Trans-Pennine line working services from Liverpool Lime Street to York, Scarborough or Newcastle via Manchester Victoria, Huddersfield and Leeds. These trains were usually formed of early Mark 2 carriages, of up to seven in a typical train.

Naming

26 Class 45s were officially named by BR after various British Army regiments and the Royal Marines. Additionally, several were unofficially named.

 
45118's nameplate

Engine

The engine of the Class 45 was a marine-type, slow-revving diesel, a Sulzer 12LDA28B with a bore of 280 mm (11.024 in) (hence the 28 in the engine designation) and a stroke of 360 mm (14.173 in). This gave 22 litres (1,300 cu in) per cylinder, or 264 litres (16,100 cu in) for the whole engine. The unit was turbocharged and intercooled and gave 2,500 hp (1,900 kW) at 750 rpm. The engine was of the double bank type with two parallel banks of 6 cylinders, geared together to a single output shaft.[3][page needed] Six-cylinder versions of the engine were fitted in the Class 25 locos (amongst others) and eight-cylinder versions in Class 33s.[4] Class 45s were the updated versions of the Class 44 locomotives, the latter having a 2,300 hp (1,700 kW) non-intercooled version of the same engine; i.e. the 12LDA28A. The later Class 47 had a modified version of the same engine, a 12LDA28C.

Train heating

When initially put into service, the locomotives were fitted with multi-unit working and steam-heating boilers for passenger service. In the early 1970s, fifty were fitted with electric train supply in place of their steam-heating boilers and assigned to work services on the Midland Main Line from London St Pancras to Nottingham, Derby and Sheffield. These locomotives were renumbered as Class 45/1.[5]

Auxiliary machines

The Class 45 is unusual in having a 220 volt electrical system for driving auxiliary machines and battery charging.[6] Most British Railways diesels of the same era had 110 volt auxiliaries.

Accidents and incidents

  • On 26 August 1976 locomotive No; 45 149 while hauling coal derailed near Winchcombe due to 'unusual' activity on the line.
  • On 16 January 1982, locomotive No. 45 074 was hauling a freight train that was derailed at Chinley, Derbyshire.[7]
 
45147 at Patricroft after the Eccles rail crash
  • On 4 December 1984, locomotive No. 45 147 was badly damaged in the Eccles rail crash, and subsequently moved to Patricroft where it was cut-up in March 1985.[citation needed]
  • On 9 March 1986, locomotive No. 45 014 The Cheshire Regiment was one of two light engines that were hit head-on by a passenger train at Chinley due to a signalman's error. One person was killed. Lack of training and a power cut were contributory factors.[8] The locomotive was consequently withdrawn from service and scrapped.[9]
  • On 24 April 1988, locomotive No. 45 041 split a set of points and was derailed at Edale, Derbyshire.[10]

Withdrawal

The great majority of Class 45s were withdrawn between 1981 and 1988 after class 43 HSTs were introduced to their routes, and the last was withdrawn from service by 1989.[11][page needed]

Fleet details

Number(s) Name Withdrawn Disposal details
1957 series TOPS
D11 45122 04/1987 Scrapped at MC Metals, Glasgow (02/1994)
D12 45011 05/1981 Scrapped at Derby Works (09/1981)
D13 45001 01/1986 Scrapped at Derby Works (11/1988)
D14 45015 03/1986 Scrapped at The Battlefield Line (11/2021)
D15 45018 04/1981 Scrapped at Swindon Works (10/1982)
D16 45016 11/1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry, Leicester (12/1986)
D17 45024 10/1980 due to fire damage Scrapped at Swindon Works (08/1983)
D18 45121 Pegasus (unofficial name) 19 November 1987 Scrapped by Thomas Hill at Crewe Works (09/1993)
D19 45025 05/1981 Scrapped at Derby Works (11/1981)
D20 45013 Wyvern (unofficial name) 04/1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (02/1994)
D21 45026 04/1986 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1988)
D22 45132 09:39 on 11/05/1987 Preserved at Epping Ongar Railway
D23 45017 08/1985 Training Loco ADB 968024 Toton September 1985-00.1988[clarification needed] Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1991)
D24 45027 05/1981 Scrapped at Swindon Works (09/1983)
D25 45021 12/1980 Scrapped at Swindon Works (04/1983)
D26 45020 12/1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (08/1988)
D27 45028 01/1981 Scrapped at Swindon Works (04/1983)
D28 45124 Unicorn (unofficial name) 12:34 on 22 January 1988 withdrawn due to bogie fire Leicester 29 December 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (10/1991)
D29 45002 09/1984 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1988)
D30 45029 07/1987 reinstated as 97 410 September 1987 withdrawn August 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (10/1991)
D31 45030 11/1980 Scrapped at Derby Works (03/1981)
D32 45126 27 April 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (04/1992)
D33 45019 09/1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (01/1987)
D34 45119 07/05/1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (04/1994)
D35 45117 12/05/1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (02/1987)
D36 45031 05/1981 Scrapped at Derby Works (10/1981)
D37 45009 09/1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (08/1988)
D38 45032 12/1980 Scrapped at Swindon Works (09/1983)
D39 45033 Sirius (unofficial name) 02/1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (02/1992)
D40 45133 10/05/1987 Preserved at Midland Railway – Butterley Owned by the Class 45/1 Preservation Society
D41 45147 04/01/1985 due to damage in Salford accident 4 December 1984 Scrapped at Patricroft by Vic Berry Leicester (03/1985)
D42 45034 07/1987 reinstated September 1987 as 97411 withdrawn July 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (05/1992)
D43 45107 Phoenix (unofficial name) 15:19 on 27 July 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1990)
D44 45035 05/1981 Scrapped at Derby Works (11/1981)
D45 45036 05/1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (08/1988)
D46 45037 Eclipse (unofficial name) 07/1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1992)
D47 45116 22 December 1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (09/1988)
D48 45038 06/1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (12/1986)
D49 45039 The Manchester Regiment 12/1980 Scrapped at Swindon Works (04/1983)
D50 45040 The King's Shropshire Light Infantry 07/1987 reinstated as 97412 September 1987 withdrawn August 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (10/1991)
D51 45102 9 September 1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (10/1988)
D52 45123 The Lancashire Fusilier 22 July 1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1988)
D53 45041 Royal Tank Regiment 08/06/1988 Preserved at Midland Railway – Butterley Owning group Peak Locomotive Company
D54 45023 The Royal Pioneer Corps 09/1984 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (10/1986)
D55 45144 Royal Signals 21 December 1987 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (06/1988)
D56 45137 Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regiment (T.A.) 16 June 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1994)
D57 45042 04/1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1986)
D58 45043 The King's Own Royal Border Regiment 09/1984 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (01/1987)
D59 45104 The Royal Warwickshire Fusilier 13 April 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (02/1992)
D60 45022 Lytham St. Annes 07/1987 reinstated September 1987 as 97409 withdrawn July 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (10/1991)
D61 45112 The Royal Army Ordnance Corps 14:43 on 07/05/1987 Main Line Operational
D62 45143 5th Royal Inniskilling Dragoon Guards 14:43 on 07/05/1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1994)
D63 45044 Royal Inniskilling Fusilier 06/1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1988)
D64 45045 Coldstream Guardsman 05/1983 due to collision at Saltley 10 February 1983 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (10/1986)
D65 45111 Grenadier Guardsman 14:43 on 07/05/1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (04/1992)
D66 45146 07/04/1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1992)
D67 45118 The Royal Artilleryman 08/05/1987 Preserved; stored at Loram Derby
D68 45046 Royal Fusilier 08/1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (05/1992)
D69 45047 08/1980 Scrapped at Derby Works (02/1981)
D70 45048 The Royal Marines 06/1985 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1988)
D71 45049 The Staffordshire Regiment (The Prince of Wales's) 10/1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1988)
D72 45050 09/1984 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (03/1987)
D73 45110 Medusa (unofficial name) 15:19 on 27 July 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1990)
D74 45051 04/1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1988)
D75 45052 Satan and Nimrod (unofficial names) 06/1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (09/1991)
D76 45053 11/1983 Scrapped at Crewe Works by A Hampton (10/1988)
D77 45004 Royal Irish Fusilier 12/1985 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1988)
D78 45150 Vampire (unofficial name) 10:40 on 04/02/1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (12/1991)
D79 45005 03/1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (12/1988)
D80 45113 Athene (unofficial name) 02/08/1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1990)
D81 45115 13 June 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1990)
D82 45141 Zephyr (unofficial name) 04/08/1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1992)
D83 45142 19 June 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1994)
D84 45055 Royal Corps of Transport 04/1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1986)
D85 45109 27 January 1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1986)
D86 45105 16:25 on 11/05/1987 Preserved at Barrow Hill
D87 45127 14:43 on 07/05/1987 Scrapped at Crewe Works by J&S Metals (03/1994)
D88 45136 14:43 on 07/05/1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1992)
D89 45006 Honourable Artillery Company 09/1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (10/1988)
D90 45008 12/1980 Scrapped at Swindon Works (09/1983)
D91 45056 12/1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1986)
D92 45138 22 December 1986 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (04/1994)
D93 45057 01/1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (03/1987)
D94 45114 15:35 on 17 February 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (02/1994)
D95 45054 01/1985 Scrapped at Toton MPD by Vic Berry (11/1985)
D96 45101 13 November 1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (10/1988)
D97 45058 09/1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1994)
D98 45059 Royal Engineer 03/1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1988)
D99 45135 3rd Carabinier 09/03/1987 Preserved at East Lancashire Railway
D100 45060 Sherwood Forester 12/1985 Preserved at Barrow Hill
D101 45061 08/1981 Scrapped at Swindon Works (04/1982)
D102 45140 Mercury (unofficial name) 11:47 on 29 March 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (09/1991)
D103 45062 07/1987 last run was HRT "Baker's Dozen" Railtour 27 June 1987. Loco failed at MP10 WCML and was rescued by 31305 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1994)
D104 45063 05/1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1988)
D105 45064 01/1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1988)
D106 45106 Vulcan (unofficial name) 15:19 on 27 July 1988, reinstated 04/08/1988. Finally withdrawn 02/1989 after catching fire on 07:12 Derby to St Pancras 3 February 1989 Scrapped at CF Booth, Rotherham (04/1992)
D107 45120 24 March 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1991)
D108 45012 Wyvern II (unofficial name) 07/1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1992)
D109 45139 27 April 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1994)
D110 45065 03/1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (12/1988)
D111 45129 11/06/1987 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (12/1988)
D112 45010 03/1985 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1988)
D113 45128 Centaur (unofficial name) 02/08/1988. reinstated 02/1989 but not used after failed load test then finally withdrawn 04/1989. Reinstated to haul two railtours which had a class 45 booked for haulage, after 45106 caught fire and was withdrawn.[12][page needed] Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1992)
D114 45066 Amethyst (unofficial name) 07/1987. Reinstated September 1987 as 97413 then finally withdrawn on 26 July 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (10/1991)
D115 45067 07/1977 after collision at Ilkeston 8 July 1977 11:50 Glasgow-Nottingham Scrapped at Derby Works (06/1980)
D116 45103 Griffon (unofficial name) 02/08/1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1990)
D117 45130 10/05/1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1992)
D118 45068 01/1986 Scrapped at Allerton TMD by Vic Berry (04/1986)
D119 45007 Taliesin (unofficial name) 07/1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1992)
D120 45108 11:27 on 04/08/1987 Preserved at Midland Railway – Butterley Owning group Peak Locomotive Company
D121 45069 07/1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (10/1988)
D122 45070 01/1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1988)
D123 45125 Leicestershire & Derbyshire Yeomanry (name only carried in preservation) 14:43 on 07/05/1987. Rescued from MC Metals during the late 1980s and early 1990s[13] Preserved at Great Central Railway
D124 45131 16:00 on 03/09/1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1988)
D125 45071 07/1981 Scrapped at Swindon Works (07/1983)
D126 45134 Neptune (unofficial name) 12:16 on 17 September 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (11/1991)
D127 45072 04/1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (11/1986)
D128 45145 Scylla (unofficial name) 9 September 1987. Reinstated 19 October 1987 then finally withdrawn 11:11 on 23 February 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (12/1991)
D129 45073 10/1981 Scrapped at Derby Works (11/1982)
D130 45148 11:43 on 11/02/1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (04/1992)
D131 45074 09/1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (10/1988)
D132 45075 01/1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (03/1987)
D133 45003 12/1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester (04/1987)
D134 45076 11/1986 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (03/1994)
D135 45149 Phaeton (unofficial name) 16:00 on 14 September 1987 Preserved at Gloucestershire Warwickshire Railway
D136 45077 08/1986 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow (09/1988)
D137 45014 The Cheshire Regiment 03/1986 collision with 31 436 Chinley 9 March 1986 Scrapped at Ashburys by Vic Berry (08/1986)

Preservation

 
D100 Sherwood Forester at Bournemouth Open Day, 1992

Eleven locomotives survive in preservation with examples from both batches. The majority of the preserved engines were built at Crewe Works but two of the preserved engines including the spares donor engine were built at Derby Works. A summary of these follows (more details in the table above):

A twelfth example, 45015, was also sold into preservation, but not restored. Withdrawn in March 1986 with a seized traction motor, for which repair was not authorised,[16] 45015 was heavily cannibalised for spares to keep other Class 45s working. It remained at Toton, its home shed, until at least 1999.[17] The locomotive was moved to Shackerstone, on the Battlefield Line Railway, in 2002, still with the intention of restoration to mainline standard, despite requiring a replacement engine to be found.[18] In 2010 the host railway gave notice to the locomotive's owner that the still-unrestored 45015 needed to move to a new site. Having failed to find a buyer, 45015 is in the process of being scrapped.[19]

Model railways

Mainline Railways introduced OO gauge Class 45s in 1983; D100 Sherwood Forester in BR green and 45048 The Royal Marines in BR blue.[20]

References

  1. ^ British Railways Locoshed Book 1974 edition. Shepperton: Ian Allan. 1974. pp. 30–31. ISBN 0-7110-0558-3.
  2. ^ Hobson, A. Wyn (1991). Rail Portfolios No. 14: The 'Peaks' - Second Series. Ian Allan. ISBN 9780711019416. OCLC 59841862.
  3. ^ Batty, Stephen R. (1985). The Last Years of The Peaks. London: Ian Allan. ISBN 9780711014930. OCLC 16923232.
  4. ^ Railway Magazine. July 1992. p. 50. {{cite magazine}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  5. ^ "The Peaks". 6lda28.com. from the original on 13 February 2012. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
  6. ^ "Peak Locomotive Company Ltd 154". Peakloco.com. Retrieved 24 July 2012.
  7. ^ Earnshaw, Alan (1989). Trains in Trouble: Vol. 5. Penryn: Atlantic Books. p. 3. ISBN 0-906899-35-4.
  8. ^ Vaughan, Adrian (1989). Obstruction Danger. Wellingborough: Patrick Stephens Limited. pp. 240–48. ISBN 1-85260-055-1.
  9. ^ Butlin, Ashley (1988). Diesels and Electrics for scrap. Penryn: Atlantic Books. p. 43. ISBN 0-906899-27-3.
  10. ^ Earnshaw, Alan (1990). Trains in Trouble: Vol. 6. Penryn: Atlantic Books. p. 47. ISBN 0-906899-37-0.
  11. ^ Sugden, S.A. Diesel Loco Register.
  12. ^ Motive Power Monthly. April 1989. {{cite magazine}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  13. ^ Butcher, Shannon (21 January 2020). "DERBY TRAINMAN: '45' NOT OUT". Rail Express. Mortons Media Group Ltd. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
  14. ^ Diesel Locomotives in Service Nee Valley Railway
  15. ^ . Archived from the original on 11 November 2017.
  16. ^ . The 45015 Fund. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
  17. ^ . (Photo of withdrawn loco – S Lazenby). wnxx.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
  18. ^ . (...concerning intention of restoration). The 45015 Fund. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
  19. ^ "45015 Shackerstone 13/11/10 – R Beale". (Photo of derelict locomotive). wnxx.com. 13 November 2010. Archived from the original on 29 March 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
  20. ^ "Mainline's big plans for 1983". Rail Enthusiast. EMAP National Publications. March 1983. pp. 36–7. ISSN 0262-561X. OCLC 49957965.

Further reading

  • Buck, Martin (1988). 'Peaks' - In Retrospect. Pathfinder. ISBN 9780906025703. OCLC 862583032.
  • Chalcraft, John (1983). Named Diesel and Electric Locomotives of British Rail Part 4: The Peaks British Rail Class 44, 45 & 46 Diesel Electrics. Rail Photoprints. ISBN 9780906883044. OCLC 16598805.
  • Derrick, Kevin (2014). Looking back at Peaks. Strathwood. ISBN 9781905276479.
  • Marsden, Colin J.; Fenn, Graham B. (1988). British Rail Main Line Diesel Locomotives. Sparkford: Haynes. pp. 188–195. ISBN 9780860933182. OCLC 17916362.
  • Montague, Keith (1978). The Power of the Peaks. OPC. ISBN 9780902888999. OCLC 5196338.
  • Morrison, Gavin (2005). The Heyday of the Peaks. Ian Allan. ISBN 9780711030572. OCLC 57575548.
  • Preedy, Norman E. (1982). Book of the Peaks. Peter Watts. ISBN 9780906025314. OCLC 810796496.
  • Vehicle Diagram Book No. 100 for Main Line Diesel Locomotives (PDF). Barrowmore MRG. Derby: British Railways Board. October 1984. pp. 25–26, 37, 106–107 (per pdf).
  • Webb, Brian (1978). Sulzer Diesel Locomotives of British Rail. David & Charles. ISBN 0715375148.
  • Whiteley, J.S; Morrison, G.W. (1983). Profile of the Peaks. OPC. ISBN 9780860931652. OCLC 10727331.
  • Whitehouse, Alan (June 1982). "'Peak' performance". Rail Enthusiast. EMAP National Publications. pp. 22–25. ISSN 0262-561X. OCLC 49957965.
  • Bishop, Donald J. (February 1983). "The noble art of 'Peak'-bashing". Rail Enthusiast. EMAP National Publications. pp. 38–41. ISSN 0262-561X. OCLC 49957965.
  • Preedy, Norman (April 1983). "Another 'Peak' chapter ends". Rail Enthusiast. EMAP National Publications. p. 47. ISSN 0262-561X. OCLC 49957965.
  • Roughley, Malcolm (May 1984). "'Peak' across the Pennines". Rail Enthusiast. EMAP National Publications. pp. 51–54. ISSN 0262-561X. OCLC 49957965.
  • "D100 condemned as 45/0s dwindle". Rail Enthusiast. No. 53. EMAP National Publications. February 1986. p. 23. ISSN 0262-561X. OCLC 49957965.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to British Rail Class 45.
  • Photos of Class 45s in action from 1970s to withdrawal and in preservation[permanent dead link]
  • www.45133.co.uk

March 05, 2023
british, rail, class, sulzer, type, diesel, locomotives, built, british, railways, derby, crewe, works, between, 1960, 1962, along, with, similar, class, locomotives, they, became, known, peaks, derby, type, 445054, heads, south, from, loughborough, midland, m. The British Rail Class 45 or Sulzer Type 4 are diesel locomotives built by British Railways Derby and Crewe Works between 1960 and 1962 Along with the similar Class 44 and 46 locomotives they became known as Peaks Derby Type 4British Rail Class 4545054 heads south from Loughborough on the Midland Main Line with a train for London St Pancras July 1975Type and originPower typeDiesel electricBuilderBritish Railways Derby Works and Crewe WorksBuild date1960 1962Total produced127SpecificationsConfiguration UIC 1 Co Co1 Commonwealth1Co Co1Wheel diameter3 ft 9 in 1 143 m Minimum curve5 chains 100 m Wheelbase59 ft 8 in 18 19 m Length67 ft 11 in 20 70 m Width8 ft 10 1 2 in 2 71 m Height12 ft 10 in 3 91 m Loco weight133 long tons 135 t 149 short tons Fuel capacity840 imp gal 3 800 l 1 010 US gal Prime moverSulzer 12LDA28 BEngine typefour stroke 12 cylinder double bankDisplacement12 22 litres 1 300 cu in per cylinder or 264 litres 16 100 cu in totalGeneratorCrompton ParkinsonTraction motorsCrompton ParkinsonCylinders12Cylinder size280 mm 360 mm 11 024 in 14 173 in bore strokeMU working Blue StarTrain heating45 0 Steam45 1 Electric Train HeatLoco brakeAirTrain brakesVacuum and AirPerformance figuresMaximum speed90 mph 145 km h Power outputEngine 2 500 bhp 1 864 kW At rail 2 000 hp 1 491 kW Tractive effortMaximum 55 000 lbf 245 kN Brakeforce63 long tons force 628 kN CareerOperatorsBritish RailwaysNumbersD11 D137 later 45001 45077 45101 45150NicknamesPeakAxle load classRoute availability 7Withdrawn1981 1989DispositionEleven preserved remainder scrapped Contents 1 History 2 Naming 3 Engine 4 Train heating 5 Auxiliary machines 6 Accidents and incidents 7 Withdrawal 8 Fleet details 9 Preservation 10 Model railways 11 References 12 Further reading 13 External linksHistory EditDistribution of locomotives March 1974 1 CW HO TOCode Name QuantityCW Cricklewood 11HO Holbeck 39TO Toton 77Total 127The Class 45s became the main traction on the Midland Main Line from 1962 and their introduction allowed considerable acceleration of the previous steam powered service The Class 45s remained the main source of power on the Midland Main Line up to 1982 when they were relegated to secondary services following introduction of HSTs on the route From 1986 Class 45s virtually disappeared from the line 2 page needed From the early 1980s until their withdrawal c 1988 the class were regular performers on the North Trans Pennine line working services from Liverpool Lime Street to York Scarborough or Newcastle via Manchester Victoria Huddersfield and Leeds These trains were usually formed of early Mark 2 carriages of up to seven in a typical train Naming Edit26 Class 45s were officially named by BR after various British Army regiments and the Royal Marines Additionally several were unofficially named 45118 s nameplateEngine EditThe engine of the Class 45 was a marine type slow revving diesel a Sulzer 12LDA28B with a bore of 280 mm 11 024 in hence the 28 in the engine designation and a stroke of 360 mm 14 173 in This gave 22 litres 1 300 cu in per cylinder or 264 litres 16 100 cu in for the whole engine The unit was turbocharged and intercooled and gave 2 500 hp 1 900 kW at 750 rpm The engine was of the double bank type with two parallel banks of 6 cylinders geared together to a single output shaft 3 page needed Six cylinder versions of the engine were fitted in the Class 25 locos amongst others and eight cylinder versions in Class 33s 4 Class 45s were the updated versions of the Class 44 locomotives the latter having a 2 300 hp 1 700 kW non intercooled version of the same engine i e the 12LDA28A The later Class 47 had a modified version of the same engine a 12LDA28C Train heating EditWhen initially put into service the locomotives were fitted with multi unit working and steam heating boilers for passenger service In the early 1970s fifty were fitted with electric train supply in place of their steam heating boilers and assigned to work services on the Midland Main Line from London St Pancras to Nottingham Derby and Sheffield These locomotives were renumbered as Class 45 1 5 Auxiliary machines EditThe Class 45 is unusual in having a 220 volt electrical system for driving auxiliary machines and battery charging 6 Most British Railways diesels of the same era had 110 volt auxiliaries Accidents and incidents EditOn 26 August 1976 locomotive No 45 149 while hauling coal derailed near Winchcombe due to unusual activity on the line On 16 January 1982 locomotive No 45 074 was hauling a freight train that was derailed at Chinley Derbyshire 7 45147 at Patricroft after the Eccles rail crash On 4 December 1984 locomotive No 45 147 was badly damaged in the Eccles rail crash and subsequently moved to Patricroft where it was cut up in March 1985 citation needed On 9 March 1986 locomotive No 45 014 The Cheshire Regiment was one of two light engines that were hit head on by a passenger train at Chinley due to a signalman s error One person was killed Lack of training and a power cut were contributory factors 8 The locomotive was consequently withdrawn from service and scrapped 9 On 24 April 1988 locomotive No 45 041 split a set of points and was derailed at Edale Derbyshire 10 Withdrawal EditThe great majority of Class 45s were withdrawn between 1981 and 1988 after class 43 HSTs were introduced to their routes and the last was withdrawn from service by 1989 11 page needed Fleet details EditNumber s Name Withdrawn Disposal details1957 series TOPSD11 45122 04 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 02 1994 D12 45011 05 1981 Scrapped at Derby Works 09 1981 D13 45001 01 1986 Scrapped at Derby Works 11 1988 D14 45015 03 1986 Scrapped at The Battlefield Line 11 2021 D15 45018 04 1981 Scrapped at Swindon Works 10 1982 D16 45016 11 1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 12 1986 D17 45024 10 1980 due to fire damage Scrapped at Swindon Works 08 1983 D18 45121 Pegasus unofficial name 19 November 1987 Scrapped by Thomas Hill at Crewe Works 09 1993 D19 45025 05 1981 Scrapped at Derby Works 11 1981 D20 45013 Wyvern unofficial name 04 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 02 1994 D21 45026 04 1986 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 11 1988 D22 45132 09 39 on 11 05 1987 Preserved at Epping Ongar RailwayD23 45017 08 1985 Training Loco ADB 968024 Toton September 1985 00 1988 clarification needed Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 11 1991 D24 45027 05 1981 Scrapped at Swindon Works 09 1983 D25 45021 12 1980 Scrapped at Swindon Works 04 1983 D26 45020 12 1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 08 1988 D27 45028 01 1981 Scrapped at Swindon Works 04 1983 D28 45124 Unicorn unofficial name 12 34 on 22 January 1988 withdrawn due to bogie fire Leicester 29 December 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 10 1991 D29 45002 09 1984 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 11 1988 D30 45029 07 1987 reinstated as 97 410 September 1987 withdrawn August 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 10 1991 D31 45030 11 1980 Scrapped at Derby Works 03 1981 D32 45126 27 April 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 04 1992 D33 45019 09 1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 01 1987 D34 45119 07 05 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 04 1994 D35 45117 12 05 1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 02 1987 D36 45031 05 1981 Scrapped at Derby Works 10 1981 D37 45009 09 1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 08 1988 D38 45032 12 1980 Scrapped at Swindon Works 09 1983 D39 45033 Sirius unofficial name 02 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 02 1992 D40 45133 10 05 1987 Preserved at Midland Railway Butterley Owned by the Class 45 1 Preservation SocietyD41 45147 04 01 1985 due to damage in Salford accident 4 December 1984 Scrapped at Patricroft by Vic Berry Leicester 03 1985 D42 45034 07 1987 reinstated September 1987 as 97411 withdrawn July 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 05 1992 D43 45107 Phoenix unofficial name 15 19 on 27 July 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1990 D44 45035 05 1981 Scrapped at Derby Works 11 1981 D45 45036 05 1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 08 1988 D46 45037 Eclipse unofficial name 07 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1992 D47 45116 22 December 1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 09 1988 D48 45038 06 1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 12 1986 D49 45039 The Manchester Regiment 12 1980 Scrapped at Swindon Works 04 1983 D50 45040 The King s Shropshire Light Infantry 07 1987 reinstated as 97412 September 1987 withdrawn August 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 10 1991 D51 45102 9 September 1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 10 1988 D52 45123 The Lancashire Fusilier 22 July 1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 11 1988 D53 45041 Royal Tank Regiment 08 06 1988 Preserved at Midland Railway Butterley Owning group Peak Locomotive CompanyD54 45023 The Royal Pioneer Corps 09 1984 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 10 1986 D55 45144 Royal Signals 21 December 1987 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 06 1988 D56 45137 Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regiment T A 16 June 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1994 D57 45042 04 1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 11 1986 D58 45043 The King s Own Royal Border Regiment 09 1984 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 01 1987 D59 45104 The Royal Warwickshire Fusilier 13 April 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 02 1992 D60 45022 Lytham St Annes 07 1987 reinstated September 1987 as 97409 withdrawn July 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 10 1991 D61 45112 The Royal Army Ordnance Corps 14 43 on 07 05 1987 Main Line OperationalD62 45143 5th Royal Inniskilling Dragoon Guards 14 43 on 07 05 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1994 D63 45044 Royal Inniskilling Fusilier 06 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 11 1988 D64 45045 Coldstream Guardsman 05 1983 due to collision at Saltley 10 February 1983 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 10 1986 D65 45111 Grenadier Guardsman 14 43 on 07 05 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 04 1992 D66 45146 07 04 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1992 D67 45118 The Royal Artilleryman 08 05 1987 Preserved stored at Loram DerbyD68 45046 Royal Fusilier 08 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 05 1992 D69 45047 08 1980 Scrapped at Derby Works 02 1981 D70 45048 The Royal Marines 06 1985 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 11 1988 D71 45049 The Staffordshire Regiment The Prince of Wales s 10 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 11 1988 D72 45050 09 1984 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 03 1987 D73 45110 Medusa unofficial name 15 19 on 27 July 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1990 D74 45051 04 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 11 1988 D75 45052 Satan and Nimrod unofficial names 06 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 09 1991 D76 45053 11 1983 Scrapped at Crewe Works by A Hampton 10 1988 D77 45004 Royal Irish Fusilier 12 1985 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 11 1988 D78 45150 Vampire unofficial name 10 40 on 04 02 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 12 1991 D79 45005 03 1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 12 1988 D80 45113 Athene unofficial name 02 08 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1990 D81 45115 13 June 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1990 D82 45141 Zephyr unofficial name 04 08 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1992 D83 45142 19 June 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1994 D84 45055 Royal Corps of Transport 04 1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 11 1986 D85 45109 27 January 1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 11 1986 D86 45105 16 25 on 11 05 1987 Preserved at Barrow HillD87 45127 14 43 on 07 05 1987 Scrapped at Crewe Works by J amp S Metals 03 1994 D88 45136 14 43 on 07 05 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1992 D89 45006 Honourable Artillery Company 09 1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 10 1988 D90 45008 12 1980 Scrapped at Swindon Works 09 1983 D91 45056 12 1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 11 1986 D92 45138 22 December 1986 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 04 1994 D93 45057 01 1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 03 1987 D94 45114 15 35 on 17 February 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 02 1994 D95 45054 01 1985 Scrapped at Toton MPD by Vic Berry 11 1985 D96 45101 13 November 1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 10 1988 D97 45058 09 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1994 D98 45059 Royal Engineer 03 1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 11 1988 D99 45135 3rd Carabinier 09 03 1987 Preserved at East Lancashire RailwayD100 45060 Sherwood Forester 12 1985 Preserved at Barrow HillD101 45061 08 1981 Scrapped at Swindon Works 04 1982 D102 45140 Mercury unofficial name 11 47 on 29 March 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 09 1991 D103 45062 07 1987 last run was HRT Baker s Dozen Railtour 27 June 1987 Loco failed at MP10 WCML and was rescued by 31305 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1994 D104 45063 05 1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 11 1988 D105 45064 01 1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 11 1988 D106 45106 Vulcan unofficial name 15 19 on 27 July 1988 reinstated 04 08 1988 Finally withdrawn 02 1989 after catching fire on 07 12 Derby to St Pancras 3 February 1989 Scrapped at CF Booth Rotherham 04 1992 D107 45120 24 March 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 11 1991 D108 45012 Wyvern II unofficial name 07 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1992 D109 45139 27 April 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1994 D110 45065 03 1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 12 1988 D111 45129 11 06 1987 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 12 1988 D112 45010 03 1985 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 11 1988 D113 45128 Centaur unofficial name 02 08 1988 reinstated 02 1989 but not used after failed load test then finally withdrawn 04 1989 Reinstated to haul two railtours which had a class 45 booked for haulage after 45106 caught fire and was withdrawn 12 page needed Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1992 D114 45066 Amethyst unofficial name 07 1987 Reinstated September 1987 as 97413 then finally withdrawn on 26 July 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 10 1991 D115 45067 07 1977 after collision at Ilkeston 8 July 1977 11 50 Glasgow Nottingham Scrapped at Derby Works 06 1980 D116 45103 Griffon unofficial name 02 08 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1990 D117 45130 10 05 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1992 D118 45068 01 1986 Scrapped at Allerton TMD by Vic Berry 04 1986 D119 45007 Taliesin unofficial name 07 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1992 D120 45108 11 27 on 04 08 1987 Preserved at Midland Railway Butterley Owning group Peak Locomotive CompanyD121 45069 07 1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 10 1988 D122 45070 01 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 11 1988 D123 45125 Leicestershire amp Derbyshire Yeomanry name only carried in preservation 14 43 on 07 05 1987 Rescued from MC Metals during the late 1980s and early 1990s 13 Preserved at Great Central RailwayD124 45131 16 00 on 03 09 1986 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 11 1988 D125 45071 07 1981 Scrapped at Swindon Works 07 1983 D126 45134 Neptune unofficial name 12 16 on 17 September 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 11 1991 D127 45072 04 1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 11 1986 D128 45145 Scylla unofficial name 9 September 1987 Reinstated 19 October 1987 then finally withdrawn 11 11 on 23 February 1988 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 12 1991 D129 45073 10 1981 Scrapped at Derby Works 11 1982 D130 45148 11 43 on 11 02 1987 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 04 1992 D131 45074 09 1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 10 1988 D132 45075 01 1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 03 1987 D133 45003 12 1985 Scrapped at Vic Berry Leicester 04 1987 D134 45076 11 1986 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 03 1994 D135 45149 Phaeton unofficial name 16 00 on 14 September 1987 Preserved at Gloucestershire Warwickshire RailwayD136 45077 08 1986 Scrapped at MC Metals Glasgow 09 1988 D137 45014 The Cheshire Regiment 03 1986 collision with 31 436 Chinley 9 March 1986 Scrapped at Ashburys by Vic Berry 08 1986 Preservation Edit D100 Sherwood Forester at Bournemouth Open Day 1992 Eleven locomotives survive in preservation with examples from both batches The majority of the preserved engines were built at Crewe Works but two of the preserved engines including the spares donor engine were built at Derby Works A summary of these follows more details in the table above 45041 In operational condition at the Nene Valley Railway 14 45060 Undergoing engine overhaul at Barrow Hill Roundhouse 45105 Undergoing restoration at Barrow Hill Roundhouse 45108 In operational condition on loan at the East Lancashire Railway 45112 Stored at Nemesis Rail Burton upon Trent 45118 Under overhaul at Barrow Hill Roundhouse 45125 In operational condition at the Great Central Railway 45132 Under overhaul at the Epping Ongar Railway 15 45133 Under overhaul at the Midland Railway Butterley 45135 Under heavy repair at the East Lancashire Railway 45149 In operational condition at the Gloucestershire Warwickshire RailwayA twelfth example 45015 was also sold into preservation but not restored Withdrawn in March 1986 with a seized traction motor for which repair was not authorised 16 45015 was heavily cannibalised for spares to keep other Class 45s working It remained at Toton its home shed until at least 1999 17 The locomotive was moved to Shackerstone on the Battlefield Line Railway in 2002 still with the intention of restoration to mainline standard despite requiring a replacement engine to be found 18 In 2010 the host railway gave notice to the locomotive s owner that the still unrestored 45015 needed to move to a new site Having failed to find a buyer 45015 is in the process of being scrapped 19 Model railways EditMainline Railways introduced OO gauge Class 45s in 1983 D100 Sherwood Forester in BR green and 45048 The Royal Marines in BR blue 20 References Edit British Railways Locoshed Book 1974 edition Shepperton Ian Allan 1974 pp 30 31 ISBN 0 7110 0558 3 Hobson A Wyn 1991 Rail Portfolios No 14 The Peaks Second Series Ian Allan ISBN 9780711019416 OCLC 59841862 Batty Stephen R 1985 The Last Years of The Peaks London Ian Allan ISBN 9780711014930 OCLC 16923232 Railway Magazine July 1992 p 50 a href Template Cite magazine html title Template Cite magazine cite magazine a Missing or empty title help The Peaks 6lda28 com Archived from the original on 13 February 2012 Retrieved 5 January 2014 Peak Locomotive Company Ltd 154 Peakloco com Retrieved 24 July 2012 Earnshaw Alan 1989 Trains in Trouble Vol 5 Penryn Atlantic Books p 3 ISBN 0 906899 35 4 Vaughan Adrian 1989 Obstruction Danger Wellingborough Patrick Stephens Limited pp 240 48 ISBN 1 85260 055 1 Butlin Ashley 1988 Diesels and Electrics for scrap Penryn Atlantic Books p 43 ISBN 0 906899 27 3 Earnshaw Alan 1990 Trains in Trouble Vol 6 Penryn Atlantic Books p 47 ISBN 0 906899 37 0 Sugden S A Diesel Loco Register Motive Power Monthly April 1989 a href Template Cite magazine html title Template Cite magazine cite magazine a Missing or empty title help Butcher Shannon 21 January 2020 DERBY TRAINMAN 45 NOT OUT Rail Express Mortons Media Group Ltd Retrieved 21 January 2020 Diesel Locomotives in Service Nee Valley Railway Diesel Locomotives Archived from the original on 11 November 2017 45 015 A Potted History The 45015 Fund Archived from the original on 21 March 2012 Retrieved 29 March 2011 45015 Toton Training Compound 18 06 99 Photo of withdrawn loco S Lazenby wnxx com Archived from the original on 24 July 2011 Retrieved 29 March 2011 45 015 Frequently Asked Questions concerning intention of restoration The 45015 Fund Archived from the original on 21 March 2012 Retrieved 29 March 2011 45015 Shackerstone 13 11 10 R Beale Photo of derelict locomotive wnxx com 13 November 2010 Archived from the original on 29 March 2011 Retrieved 29 March 2011 Mainline s big plans for 1983 Rail Enthusiast EMAP National Publications March 1983 pp 36 7 ISSN 0262 561X OCLC 49957965 Further reading EditBuck Martin 1988 Peaks In Retrospect Pathfinder ISBN 9780906025703 OCLC 862583032 Chalcraft John 1983 Named Diesel and Electric Locomotives of British Rail Part 4 The Peaks British Rail Class 44 45 amp 46 Diesel Electrics Rail Photoprints ISBN 9780906883044 OCLC 16598805 Derrick Kevin 2014 Looking back at Peaks Strathwood ISBN 9781905276479 Marsden Colin J Fenn Graham B 1988 British Rail Main Line Diesel Locomotives Sparkford Haynes pp 188 195 ISBN 9780860933182 OCLC 17916362 Montague Keith 1978 The Power of the Peaks OPC ISBN 9780902888999 OCLC 5196338 Morrison Gavin 2005 The Heyday of the Peaks Ian Allan ISBN 9780711030572 OCLC 57575548 Preedy Norman E 1982 Book of the Peaks Peter Watts ISBN 9780906025314 OCLC 810796496 Vehicle Diagram Book No 100 for Main Line Diesel Locomotives PDF Barrowmore MRG Derby British Railways Board October 1984 pp 25 26 37 106 107 per pdf Webb Brian 1978 Sulzer Diesel Locomotives of British Rail David amp Charles ISBN 0715375148 Whiteley J S Morrison G W 1983 Profile of the Peaks OPC ISBN 9780860931652 OCLC 10727331 Whitehouse Alan June 1982 Peak performance Rail Enthusiast EMAP National Publications pp 22 25 ISSN 0262 561X OCLC 49957965 Bishop Donald J February 1983 The noble art of Peak bashing Rail Enthusiast EMAP National Publications pp 38 41 ISSN 0262 561X OCLC 49957965 Preedy Norman April 1983 Another Peak chapter ends Rail Enthusiast EMAP National Publications p 47 ISSN 0262 561X OCLC 49957965 Roughley Malcolm May 1984 Peak across the Pennines Rail Enthusiast EMAP National Publications pp 51 54 ISSN 0262 561X OCLC 49957965 D100 condemned as 45 0s dwindle Rail Enthusiast No 53 EMAP National Publications February 1986 p 23 ISSN 0262 561X OCLC 49957965 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to British Rail Class 45 Photos of Class 45s in action from 1970s to withdrawal and in preservation permanent dead link www 45133 co uk Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title British Rail Class 45 amp oldid 1118331445, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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