Brian Matthews (biochemist)
Brian W. Matthews is a biochemist and biophysicist educated at the University of Adelaide, contributor to x-ray crystallographic methodology[4] at the University of Cambridge, and since 1970 at the University of Oregon as Professor of Physics and HHMI investigator in the Institute of Molecular Biology.
Brian W. Matthews | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1938 (age 85–86)[2] |
| Alma mater | University of Adelaide |
| Known for | |
| Scientific career | |
| Institutions | |
| Academic advisors | David M. Blow[1] |
| Website | molbio |
He created hundreds of mutants of T4 lysozyme (making it the commonest structure in the PDB), determined their structure by x-ray crystallography and measured their melting temperatures. Starting from questions about the basis of "temperature-sensitive" mutations,[5] his work has explicated much about the general energetic and structural effects of mutations in proteins.[6] He also solved early structures of the thermophilic bacterial enzyme thermolysin,[7] the helix-turn-helix DNA-binding transcription factor lambda Cro repressor,[8] and the light-antenna bacteriochlorophyll protein.[9]
Beyond his contributions to biochemistry, Matthews is also known in the machine learning community for the Matthews correlation coefficient, which he introduced in a paper in 1975.[3] The coefficient is used as a measure of the quality of binary (two-class) classifications.
Matthews has been a member of the National Academy of Sciences since 1986. He was the editor of the scientific journal Protein Science.
References edit
- ^ "Blow on AcademicTree.org".
- ^ Kresge, Nicole; Simoni, Robert D.; Hill, Robert L. (2009). "Structural Studies of Thermolysin: the Work of Brian W. Matthews". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 284 (26): e8–e9. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)82072-0.
- ^ a b Matthews, B. W. (1975). "Comparison of the predicted and observed secondary structure of T4 phage lysozyme". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure. 405 (2): 442–451. doi:10.1016/0005-2795(75)90109-9. PMID 1180967.
- ^ Matthews BW (1966). "The determination of the position of anomalously scattering heavy atom groups in protein crystals". Acta Crystallographica. 20 (2): 230–239. doi:10.1107/S0365110X6600046X.
- ^ Matthews BW, Remington SJ (1974). "The three dimensional structure of the lysozyme from bacteriophage T4". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 71 (10): 4178–4182. doi:10.1073/pnas.71.10.4178. PMC 434353. PMID 4530293.
- ^ Baase WA, Liu L, Tronrud DE, Matthews BW (2010). "Lessons from the lysozyme of phage T4". Protein Science. 19 (4): 631–41. doi:10.1002/pro.344. PMC 2867005. PMID 20095051.
- ^ Matthews BW, Colman PM, Jansonius JN, Titani K, Walsh KA, Neurath H (1972). "Structure of thermolysin". Nature New Biology. 238 (80): 41–43. doi:10.1038/newbio238041a0. PMID 18663850.
- ^ Anderson WF, Ohlendorf DH, Takeda Y, Matthews BW (1981). "Structure of the cro repressor from bacteriophage λ and its interaction with DNA". Nature. 290 (5809): 754–758. doi:10.1038/290754a0. PMID 6452580. S2CID 4360799.
- ^ Fenna RE, Matthews BW (1975). "Chlorophyll arrangement in a bacteriochlorophyll protein from Chlorobium limicola". Nature. 258 (5536): 573–577. doi:10.1038/258573a0. S2CID 35591234.
External links edit
- HHMI Alumni Scientists
- Molecule of the Month: Lysozyme[permanent dead link]