"Cambium layer" redirects here. For the cambium layer of trees, see vascular cambium.
The periosteum consists of an inner cambium layer and an outer fibrous layer
The periosteum consists of an outer fibrous layer, and an inner cambium layer (or osteogenic layer). The fibrous layer is of dense irregular connective tissue, containing fibroblasts, while the cambium layer is highly cellular containing progenitor cells that develop into osteoblasts.[3] These osteoblasts are responsible for increasing the width of a long bone[nb 2] and the overall size of the other bone types. After a bone fracture, the progenitor cells develop into osteoblasts and chondroblasts, which are essential to the healing process. The outer fibrous layer and the inner cambium layer is differentiated under electron micrography.[4]
As opposed to osseous tissue, the periosteum has nociceptors, sensory neurons that make it very sensitive to manipulation. It also provides nourishment by providing the blood supply to the body from the marrow.[5] The periosteum is attached to the bone by strong collagen fibers called Sharpey's fibres, which extend to the outer circumferential and interstitial lamellae. It also provides an attachment for muscles and tendons.
The periosteum that covers the outer surface of the bones of the skull is known as the pericranium, except when in reference to the layers of the scalp.
Etymologyedit
The word periosteum is derived from the Greek peri-, meaning "surrounding", and -osteon, meaning "bone". The peri refers to the fact that the periosteum is the outermost layer of long bones, surrounding other inner layers.[6]
^Netter, Frank H; Crelin, Edmund S; Kaplan, Frederick S; Woodburne, Russell T; Regina, V.; Mankin, Henry J. (1987). Musculoskeletal System: A Compilation of Paintings of Anatomy, Physiology, and Metabolic Disorders, Part 1. Summit, New Jersey (NJ): CIBA-GEIGY Corporation. p. 170. ISBN978-0-914168-14-0. OCLC 16943074.
^"Definition of PERIOSTEUM". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2022-02-03.
^Dwek, JR (April 2010). "The periosteum: what is it, where is it, and what mimics it in its absence?". Skeletal Radiology. 39 (4): 319–23. doi:10.1007/s00256-009-0849-9. PMC2826636. PMID 20049593.
^Nahian, Ahmed; Chauhan, Pradip R. (2021), "Histology, Periosteum And Endosteum", StatPearls, Treasure Island, Florida (FL): StatPearls Publishing, PMID 32491516, retrieved 2021-12-31
^Modric, Jan (9 December 2013). "Periosteum Definition, Location, Anatomy, Histology and Function - eHealthStar". Retrieved 2022-02-03.
^"peri- | Meaning of prefix peri- by etymonline". www.etymonline.com. Retrieved 2022-02-03.
Further readingedit
Brighton, Carl T.; Hunt, Robert M. (1997). "Early histologic and ultrastructural changes in microvessels of periosteal callus". Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma. 11 (4): 244–253. doi:10.1097/00005131-199705000-00002. PMID 9258821.
External linksedit
"Periosteum". Innerbody. Retrieved 2022-02-03.
December 14, 2023
periosteum, periosteum, membrane, that, covers, outer, surface, bones, except, articular, surfaces, parts, within, joint, space, long, bones, endosteum, lines, inner, surface, medullary, cavity, long, bones, periosteum, covers, outside, bones, meninges, cnsdet. The periosteum is a membrane that covers the outer surface of all bones 1 except at the articular surfaces i e the parts within a joint space of long bones nb 1 Endosteum lines the inner surface of the medullary cavity of all long bones 2 PeriosteumThe periosteum covers the outside of bones Meninges of the CNSDetailsLocationOuter surface of all bonesIdentifiersLatinperiosteumMeSHD010521TA98A02 0 00 007TA2384THH2 00 03 7 00018FMA24041Anatomical terminology edit on Wikidata Contents 1 Structure 2 Etymology 3 Additional images 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External linksStructure edit Cambium layer redirects here For the cambium layer of trees see vascular cambium nbsp The periosteum consists of an inner cambium layer and an outer fibrous layerThe periosteum consists of an outer fibrous layer and an inner cambium layer or osteogenic layer The fibrous layer is of dense irregular connective tissue containing fibroblasts while the cambium layer is highly cellular containing progenitor cells that develop into osteoblasts 3 These osteoblasts are responsible for increasing the width of a long bone nb 2 and the overall size of the other bone types After a bone fracture the progenitor cells develop into osteoblasts and chondroblasts which are essential to the healing process The outer fibrous layer and the inner cambium layer is differentiated under electron micrography 4 As opposed to osseous tissue the periosteum has nociceptors sensory neurons that make it very sensitive to manipulation It also provides nourishment by providing the blood supply to the body from the marrow 5 The periosteum is attached to the bone by strong collagen fibers called Sharpey s fibres which extend to the outer circumferential and interstitial lamellae It also provides an attachment for muscles and tendons The periosteum that covers the outer surface of the bones of the skull is known as the pericranium except when in reference to the layers of the scalp Etymology editThe word periosteum is derived from the Greek peri meaning surrounding and osteon meaning bone The peri refers to the fact that the periosteum is the outermost layer of long bones surrounding other inner layers 6 Additional images edit nbsp Diagrammatic section of head See also editPeriosteal reaction Periostitis Endochondral ossification Intramembranous ossificationNotes edit At the joints of long bones the bone s outer surface is lined with articular cartilage a type of hyaline cartilage The length of a long bone is controlled by the epiphyseal plate References edit Netter Frank H Crelin Edmund S Kaplan Frederick S Woodburne Russell T Regina V Mankin Henry J 1987 Musculoskeletal System A Compilation of Paintings of Anatomy Physiology and Metabolic Disorders Part 1 Summit New Jersey NJ CIBA GEIGY Corporation p 170 ISBN 978 0 914168 14 0 OCLC 16943074 Definition of PERIOSTEUM www merriam webster com Retrieved 2022 02 03 Dwek JR April 2010 The periosteum what is it where is it and what mimics it in its absence Skeletal Radiology 39 4 319 23 doi 10 1007 s00256 009 0849 9 PMC 2826636 PMID 20049593 Nahian Ahmed Chauhan Pradip R 2021 Histology Periosteum And Endosteum StatPearls Treasure Island Florida FL StatPearls Publishing PMID 32491516 retrieved 2021 12 31 Modric Jan 9 December 2013 Periosteum Definition Location Anatomy Histology and Function eHealthStar Retrieved 2022 02 03 peri Meaning of prefix peri by etymonline www etymonline com Retrieved 2022 02 03 Further reading editBrighton Carl T Hunt Robert M 1997 Early histologic and ultrastructural changes in microvessels of periosteal callus Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 11 4 244 253 doi 10 1097 00005131 199705000 00002 PMID 9258821 External links edit Periosteum Innerbody Retrieved 2022 02 03 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Periosteum amp oldid 1180579016, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
