Bodyke
Bodyke (/ˈboʊdaɪk/; Irish: Lúbán Díge) is a village in County Clare, Ireland. It is located in eastern County Clare in the Catholic parish of Bodyke. During the 1880s, a series of evictions in the Bodyke area were widely publicised.
Location and amenities edit
The village of Bodyke lies in the foothills of the Slieve Aughty mountains. Its name may come from "Both-Teig" (Teig's hut).[1]
Schools serving the area include Bodyke National School, Scariff Community School, and Tuamgraney National School.[2] The Raheen Community Hospital in Tuamgraney is a public nursing home and day center.[3]
Bodyke evictions edit
During the 1880s, the principal landowner in the Bodyke area, George O'Callaghan-Westropp (Colonel O'Callaghan, self-styled "The O'Callaghan"), had refused to lower the rents he charged his tenants. They were in distress,[4] and a demonstration was held by the Land League in Scarriff in November 1880 which attracted over 10,000 people.[5] The clergy of the local areas featured prominently at this event, including Fr. Peter Murphy and J. Hannon who were the parish priest and curate for the Tuamgraney/Bodyke area.
The events of 1 June 1881 are known locally as "The Battle of Bodyke". Colonel O'Callaghan, accompanied by a force of approximately 150 police, arrived in Bodyke to serve writs upon 26 tenants for non-payment of rents. The tenants of Bodyke were forewarned of this, and by the time O'Callaghan and his party reached the area, a large crowd had gathered to protest the evictions.[6] Fr. Murphy arrived at the scene and found "the police with their bayonets fixed presented at the breasts of the people, who stood in a dense mass before them, armed with pronged forks, clubs, and sticks".[7] Fr. Murphy succeeded in defusing the tension between the parties by "having to take the bayonets of the police in my hands and the muzzles of the guns and turn them towards the ground to make room to stand between them in order to separate them and the people". The people followed Fr. Murphy's invitation to give up their weapons and to stand down for fear of inviting attack upon themselves.[citation needed]
Peace lasted for two hours until the county inspector arrived and ordered his men to "charge and cut right and left". Fr. Murphy noted that at this time "the people being quite peaceful and orderly and quiet at the time, and merely laughing at the horses of the police being stung by the bees". The police proceeded to attack the people of the assembly. It is in this initial attack that John Moloney of Caherhurley was struck in the head with the butt of a policeman's rifle and died.[6] Gunfire then ensued from both sides, though no others were killed. The police then handcuffed 22 unarmed members of the public together in a group and led them around as protection as they proceed to serve the remaining writs throughout the area.[7]
In June 1887, O'Callaghan called for police assistance in evicting the tenants, who resisted by force, witnessed by large crowds.[8] Thirty-five of his tenants returned to their homes after being evicted.[9] Twenty-six people, all but four of them women, were charged with assaulting and obstructing the forces of the law, with sentences ranging from acquittal to three months hard labour.[8] The prolonged affair was widely reported and caused angry debates in Parliament. As one member said, "The name of Bodyke stank in the nostrils of the Government..."[9] The evictions continued into the 1890s, with goods and livestock seized in lieu of rent. Often the livestock died of poisoning soon after.[10]
- The O'Halloran girls, c. 1888–90
- Suppressed meeting, Bodyke, c. 1888–90
- Widow Macnamara in her fortress, c. 1888–90
- Memorial stone, marking 100 years since the Bodyke Evictions of 1887
Notable people edit
The novelist Edna O'Brien and family historian Edward MacLysaght came from the parish of Bodyke.[1]
References edit
- ^ a b Bodyke (Lúbán Díge).
- ^ Bodyke (Kilnoe and Tuamgraney), Schools.
- ^ Raheen Community Nursing Unit.
- ^ Home Affairs: A National Party, p. 150.
- ^ "Clare History:The Bodyke Evictions: Orators and Agitators". www.clarelibrary.ie. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
- ^ a b "The Battle of Bodyke". www.askaboutireland.ie. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
- ^ a b "Clare History:The Bodyke Evictions: Orators and Agitators". www.clarelibrary.ie. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
- ^ a b The Evictions, Clare County Library.
- ^ a b Parliament 1888, p. 1334.
- ^ Disturbances and Distress.
Sources
- "Bodyke (Lúbán Díge)". County Clare Library. Retrieved 11 September 2013.
- . Diocese of Killaloe. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 13 April 2014.
- "Bodyke (Kilnoe and Tuamgraney), Profile". Diocese of Killaloe. Retrieved 30 March 2014.
- . Diocese of Killaloe. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 13 April 2014.
- "Disturbances and Distress". Clare County Library. Retrieved 13 April 2014.
- "Home Affairs: A National Party". The Fortnightly Review. Chapman and Hall. 1887. Retrieved 13 April 2014.
- Parliament, Great Britain (1888). Hansard's Parliamentary Debates. Hansard. Retrieved 13 April 2014.
- "Raheen Community Nursing Unit". My Home from Home. Retrieved 13 April 2014.
- "The Evictions". Clare County Library. Retrieved 13 April 2014.