Bluefish Caves is an archaeological site in Yukon, Canada, located 54 km (34 mi) southwest of the Vuntut Gwichin community of Old Crow.[1] It has been controversially suggested that human occupation radiocarbon dates to 24,000 years Before Present (BP) based on radiocarbon dating of animal remains,[2] but these dates are contested due to the uncertain stratigraphic context of the archaeological remains relative to the dated animal remains.[3][4] There are three small caves in the area.[5]
Bluefish Cave was initially known to the local First Nations[citation needed], but was popularized by a fishing expedition in 1976, and later by researchers.[clarification needed][citation needed] This site is made up of three small caves, ranging from 10 to 30 m3 (350 to 1,060 cu ft).[6] The first cave contains various animal bones that appear to have been dragged there by predators; findings of cut marks may point to a human presence.[7]
The Old Crow Flats, another important area with early human presence, are located about 75 km northeast of the Bluefish Caves.[8]
Datingedit
The site was excavated by archaeologist Jacques Cinq-Mars between 1977 and 1987, and the initial radiocarbon dating suggested an age of 24,000 before present (BP).[9] This was considered controversial as it was in contrast to the Clovis-First theory, widely accepted by academics at the time, which considered the earliest settlement date of North America to be around 13,000 BP.[10] A review of the site in 2017 found it to be 24,000 years old,[11] lending support to the "Beringian standstill" hypothesis — that the ancestors of Native Americans spent considerable time isolated in a Beringian refuge during the Last Glacial Maximum before populating the Americas.[12] A later paper questioned the dating (based on claimed disturbances) and the culturality of the faunal remains,[3] but support for the 2017 study was reiterated by the author of that report.[13]
^Burke, A., and J. Cinq-Mars, "Paleoethological Reconstruction and Taphonomy of Equus Lambei from the Bluefish Caves, Yukon Territory, Canada", Arctic, vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 105–15, 1998
^"Archaeological Find Puts Humans in North America 10,000 Years Earlier Than Thought". Hakai Magazine. from the original on 2021-01-17. Retrieved 2020-11-18.
^ abKathryn E. Krasinski and John C. Blong. 2020. "Unresolved Questions about Site Formation, Provenience, and the Impact of Natural Processes on Bone at the Bluefish Caves, Yukon Territory," Arctic Anthropology 57(1): 1 1-21. doi: 10.3368/aa.57.1.1
^Potter, Ben A.; Chatters, James C.; Prentiss, Anna Marie; Fiedel, Stuart J.; Haynes, Gary; Kelly, Robert L.; Kilby, J. David; Lanoë, François; Holland-Lulewicz, Jacob; Miller, D. Shane; Morrow, Juliet E.; Perri, Angela R.; Rademaker, Kurt M.; Reuther, Joshua D.; Ritchison, Brandon T. (2022-01-02). "Current Understanding of the Earliest Human Occupations in the Americas: Evaluation of Becerra-Valdivia and Higham (2020)". PaleoAmerica. 8 (1): 62–76. doi:10.1080/20555563.2021.1978721. ISSN 2055-5563. S2CID 239834259.
^Heather Pringle (MARCH 8, 2017), What Happens When an Archaeologist Challenges Mainstream Scientific Thinking? 2021-05-12 at the Wayback Machine -- The story of Jacques Cinq-Mars and the Bluefish Caves shows how toxic atmosphere can poison scientific progress. Hakai Magazine, SMITHSONIAN.COM
^"Significance of the Bluefish Caves in Beringian Prehistory | Essays | Resources For Scholars | Research | Learn | Canadian Museum of History". www.historymuseum.ca. from the original on 2017-01-06. Retrieved 2017-01-11.
^Saraceni, Jessica E. "New Thoughts on the Bones from Bluefish Caves - Archaeology Magazine". www.archaeology.org. from the original on 2017-01-13. Retrieved 2017-01-11.
^J. Cinq-Mars (2001), On the significance of modified mammoth bones from eastern Beringia. 2019-03-06 at the Wayback Machine
^Harington, CR; Cinq-Mars, J (2008). (PDF). Beringian Research Notes. 19. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-11-10. Retrieved 2017-01-11.
^Curry, Andrew (2012-05-03). "Ancient migration: Coming to America". Nature. 485 (7396): 30–32. Bibcode:2012Natur.485...30C. doi:10.1038/485030a. PMID 22552076.
^Bourgeon, Lauriane; Burke, Ariane; Higham, Thomas (2017-01-06). "Earliest Human Presence in North America Dated to the Last Glacial Maximum: New Radiocarbon Dates from Bluefish Caves, Canada". PLOS ONE. 12 (1): e0169486. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1269486B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0169486. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC5218561. PMID 28060931.
^. 2017-02-27. Archived from the original on 2017-01-19. Retrieved 2017-01-11.
^LaurianeBourgeon. 2021. "Revisiting the Mammoth Bone Modifications from Bluefish Caves (YT, Canada)," Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 37, 102969. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2021.102969
Further readingedit
Heather Pringle (MARCH 8, 2017), What Happens When an Archaeologist Challenges Mainstream Scientific Thinking?—The story of Jacques Cinq-Mars and the Bluefish Caves shows how toxic atmosphere can poison scientific progress. Hakai Magazine, SMITHSONIAN.COM
Investigating Ice Age America’s Ancient Abattoir at Atlas Obscura, January 30, 2023
November 27, 2023
bluefish, caves, archaeological, site, yukon, canada, located, southwest, vuntut, gwichin, community, crow, been, controversially, suggested, that, human, occupation, radiocarbon, dates, years, before, present, based, radiocarbon, dating, animal, remains, thes. Bluefish Caves is an archaeological site in Yukon Canada located 54 km 34 mi southwest of the Vuntut Gwichin community of Old Crow 1 It has been controversially suggested that human occupation radiocarbon dates to 24 000 years Before Present BP based on radiocarbon dating of animal remains 2 but these dates are contested due to the uncertain stratigraphic context of the archaeological remains relative to the dated animal remains 3 4 There are three small caves in the area 5 Bluefish CavesLocation in CanadaLocationNear the Vuntut Gwichin community Old CrowRegionYukon CanadaCoordinates67 09 N 140 35 W 67 150 N 140 583 W 67 150 140 583HistoryFounded24 000 BP disputed Contents 1 Context 2 Dating 3 See also 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External linksContext editBluefish Cave was initially known to the local First Nations citation needed but was popularized by a fishing expedition in 1976 and later by researchers clarification needed citation needed This site is made up of three small caves ranging from 10 to 30 m3 350 to 1 060 cu ft 6 The first cave contains various animal bones that appear to have been dragged there by predators findings of cut marks may point to a human presence 7 The Old Crow Flats another important area with early human presence are located about 75 km northeast of the Bluefish Caves 8 Dating editThe site was excavated by archaeologist Jacques Cinq Mars between 1977 and 1987 and the initial radiocarbon dating suggested an age of 24 000 before present BP 9 This was considered controversial as it was in contrast to the Clovis First theory widely accepted by academics at the time which considered the earliest settlement date of North America to be around 13 000 BP 10 A review of the site in 2017 found it to be 24 000 years old 11 lending support to the Beringian standstill hypothesis that the ancestors of Native Americans spent considerable time isolated in a Beringian refuge during the Last Glacial Maximum before populating the Americas 12 A later paper questioned the dating based on claimed disturbances and the culturality of the faunal remains 3 but support for the 2017 study was reiterated by the author of that report 13 See also edit nbsp History portal nbsp Canada portalBeringia Pendejo CaveReferences edit Burke A and J Cinq Mars Paleoethological Reconstruction and Taphonomy of Equus Lambei from the Bluefish Caves Yukon Territory Canada Arctic vol 51 no 2 pp 105 15 1998 Archaeological Find Puts Humans in North America 10 000 Years Earlier Than Thought Hakai Magazine Archived from the original on 2021 01 17 Retrieved 2020 11 18 a b Kathryn E Krasinski and John C Blong 2020 Unresolved Questions about Site Formation Provenience and the Impact of Natural Processes on Bone at the Bluefish Caves Yukon Territory Arctic Anthropology 57 1 1 1 21 doi 10 3368 aa 57 1 1 Potter Ben A Chatters James C Prentiss Anna Marie Fiedel Stuart J Haynes Gary Kelly Robert L Kilby J David Lanoe Francois Holland Lulewicz Jacob Miller D Shane Morrow Juliet E Perri Angela R Rademaker Kurt M Reuther Joshua D Ritchison Brandon T 2022 01 02 Current Understanding of the Earliest Human Occupations in the Americas Evaluation of Becerra Valdivia and Higham 2020 PaleoAmerica 8 1 62 76 doi 10 1080 20555563 2021 1978721 ISSN 2055 5563 S2CID 239834259 Heather Pringle MARCH 8 2017 What Happens When an Archaeologist Challenges Mainstream Scientific Thinking Archived 2021 05 12 at the Wayback Machine The story of Jacques Cinq Mars and the Bluefish Caves shows how toxic atmosphere can poison scientific progress Hakai Magazine SMITHSONIAN COM Significance of the Bluefish Caves in Beringian Prehistory Essays Resources For Scholars Research Learn Canadian Museum of History www historymuseum ca Archived from the original on 2017 01 06 Retrieved 2017 01 11 Saraceni Jessica E New Thoughts on the Bones from Bluefish Caves Archaeology Magazine www archaeology org Archived from the original on 2017 01 13 Retrieved 2017 01 11 J Cinq Mars 2001 On the significance of modified mammoth bones from eastern Beringia Archived 2019 03 06 at the Wayback Machine Harington CR Cinq Mars J 2008 Bluefish Caves Fauna and Context PDF Beringian Research Notes 19 Archived from the original PDF on 2018 11 10 Retrieved 2017 01 11 Curry Andrew 2012 05 03 Ancient migration Coming to America Nature 485 7396 30 32 Bibcode 2012Natur 485 30C doi 10 1038 485030a PMID 22552076 Bourgeon Lauriane Burke Ariane Higham Thomas 2017 01 06 Earliest Human Presence in North America Dated to the Last Glacial Maximum New Radiocarbon Dates from Bluefish Caves Canada PLOS ONE 12 1 e0169486 Bibcode 2017PLoSO 1269486B doi 10 1371 journal pone 0169486 ISSN 1932 6203 PMC 5218561 PMID 28060931 On Way to New World First Americans Made a 10 000 Year Pit Stop 2017 02 27 Archived from the original on 2017 01 19 Retrieved 2017 01 11 LaurianeBourgeon 2021 Revisiting the Mammoth Bone Modifications from Bluefish Caves YT Canada Journal of Archaeological Science Reports 37 102969 https doi org 10 1016 j jasrep 2021 102969Further reading editHeather Pringle MARCH 8 2017 What Happens When an Archaeologist Challenges Mainstream Scientific Thinking The story of Jacques Cinq Mars and the Bluefish Caves shows how toxic atmosphere can poison scientific progress Hakai Magazine SMITHSONIAN COM The Bluefish Caves in Beringian Prehistory by Jacques Cinq Mars Archaeological Survey of CanadaExternal links editInvestigating Ice Age America s Ancient Abattoir at Atlas Obscura January 30 2023 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bluefish Caves amp oldid 1185914109, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
