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Bernard of Świdnica

Bernard (II) of Świdnica (Polish: Bernard świdnicki) (c. 1291 – 6 May 1326) was a Duke of Jawor-Lwówek-Świdnica-Ziębice between 1301 and 1312 (with his brothers as co-rulers), of Świdnica-Ziębice during 1312–1322 (with his brother as co-ruler), and the sole Duke of Świdnica from 1322 until his death.

Bernard
Duke of Jawor-Lwówek-Świdnica-Ziębice
Coat-of-arms of Świdnica
Bornc. 1291
Died6 May 1326
Noble familySilesian Piasts
Spouse(s)Kunigunde of Poland
IssueBolko II the Small
Constance
Elisabeth
Henry II of Świdnica
FatherBolko I the Strict
MotherBeatrice of Brandenburg

He was the second son of Bolko I the Strict, Duke of Jawor-Lwówek-Świdnica-Ziębice, by his wife Beatrix, daughter of Otto V the Long, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel.

Life edit

The death of his older brother Bolko (30 January 1300) made him the heir apparent to the Duchy and future Head of the family. Twenty-three months later (9 November 1301), the unexpected death of his father left Bernard as ruler of all his domains, together with his younger brothers Henry I and Bolko II as co-rulers. However, because the three princes are minors, their guardianship was taken over by their maternal uncle Herman, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel, who also held the regency of the Duchy until 1305, when Bernard was proclaimed an adult and took by himself the government and the custody of his brothers.

In 1312 the first division of the Duchy was made between Bernard and his brothers: Henry I obtained Jawor and Lwówek; Bernard and Bolko II retained Świdnica and Ziębice as co-rulers. Bernard and Bolko II ruled together until 1322, when the second and final division of the Duchy was made: Bolko II received Ziębice and Bernard kept Świdnica.

In foreign politics, Bernard became the guardian of the independence of his sovereignty against his powerful neighbors. The marriage of his sister Beatrix to Duke Louis IV of Bavaria (later German King and Holy Roman Emperor) in 1308 give Bernard a powerful alliance. Two years later, in 1310, Bernard's marriage to Kunigunde, daughter of Władysław I the Elbow-high re-enforced his bonds with the Kingdom of Poland.

In 1311 Bernard took part in the negotiations in Olomouc as a mediator between Duke Bolesław III the Generous of Legnica and King John of Bohemia for the possession of the Duchy of Opawa (Troppau). The dispute ended in a compromise: King John took the Duchy, but had to pay 8,000 fines to Bolesław III as compensation. The contact with the Duke of Legnica allowed him to retake Niemcza.

In the early years of the 1320s, Bernard was involved in an alliance with Władysław I the Elbow-high in a war against the Dukes of Głogów. In the battle of Mühldorf of 1322, Bernard fought with King John and Louis IV, now King of Germany. Shortly afterwards he left for Masuria, where he took part in the expedition organized by the Teutonic Knights against Lithuania.

Bernard died on 6 May 1326 and was buried in Grüssau Abbey. His effective government helped to increase the power of his Duchy, which allowed his son Bolko II to become the last (and most notorious) independent ruler of the Piast dynasty.

Marriage and issue edit

In 1310, Bernard married Kunigunde (c. 1298 – 9 April 1331), daughter of Władysław I the Elbow-high, Duke of Kuyavia and since 1320 King of Poland. They had five children:

  1. Bolko II the Small (c. 1312 – 28 July 1368).
  2. Constance (c. 1313 – by 21 November 1363), married by March 1326 to Duke Przemko II of Głogów.
  3. Elisabeth (c. 1315 – 8/9 February 1348), married by 6 May 1326 to Duke Bolko II of Opole.
  4. Henry II (c. 1316 – by 28 June 1345).
  5. Beata (c. 1320 – after 9 April 1331).

External links edit

  • Marek, Miroslav. "Complete Genealogy of the House of Piast". Genealogy.EU.
Preceded by Duke of Świdnica
with Henry I
(until 1312)
and Bolko II
(until 1322)

1301–1326
Succeeded by
Duke of Jawor
with Henry I
and Bolko II

1301–1312
Succeeded by
Duke of Lwówek
with Henry I
and Bolko II

1301–1312
Duke of Ziębice
with Henry I
(until 1312)
and Bolko II

1291–1322
Succeeded by

bernard, Świdnica, bernard, Świdnica, polish, bernard, świdnicki, 1291, 1326, duke, jawor, lwówek, Świdnica, ziębice, between, 1301, 1312, with, brothers, rulers, Świdnica, ziębice, during, 1312, 1322, with, brother, ruler, sole, duke, Świdnica, from, 1322, un. Bernard II of Swidnica Polish Bernard swidnicki c 1291 6 May 1326 was a Duke of Jawor Lwowek Swidnica Ziebice between 1301 and 1312 with his brothers as co rulers of Swidnica Ziebice during 1312 1322 with his brother as co ruler and the sole Duke of Swidnica from 1322 until his death BernardDuke of Jawor Lwowek Swidnica ZiebiceCoat of arms of SwidnicaBornc 1291Died6 May 1326Noble familySilesian PiastsSpouse s Kunigunde of PolandIssueBolko II the SmallConstanceElisabethHenry II of SwidnicaFatherBolko I the StrictMotherBeatrice of Brandenburg He was the second son of Bolko I the Strict Duke of Jawor Lwowek Swidnica Ziebice by his wife Beatrix daughter of Otto V the Long Margrave of Brandenburg Salzwedel Life editThe death of his older brother Bolko 30 January 1300 made him the heir apparent to the Duchy and future Head of the family Twenty three months later 9 November 1301 the unexpected death of his father left Bernard as ruler of all his domains together with his younger brothers Henry I and Bolko II as co rulers However because the three princes are minors their guardianship was taken over by their maternal uncle Herman Margrave of Brandenburg Salzwedel who also held the regency of the Duchy until 1305 when Bernard was proclaimed an adult and took by himself the government and the custody of his brothers In 1312 the first division of the Duchy was made between Bernard and his brothers Henry I obtained Jawor and Lwowek Bernard and Bolko II retained Swidnica and Ziebice as co rulers Bernard and Bolko II ruled together until 1322 when the second and final division of the Duchy was made Bolko II received Ziebice and Bernard kept Swidnica In foreign politics Bernard became the guardian of the independence of his sovereignty against his powerful neighbors The marriage of his sister Beatrix to Duke Louis IV of Bavaria later German King and Holy Roman Emperor in 1308 give Bernard a powerful alliance Two years later in 1310 Bernard s marriage to Kunigunde daughter of Wladyslaw I the Elbow high re enforced his bonds with the Kingdom of Poland In 1311 Bernard took part in the negotiations in Olomouc as a mediator between Duke Boleslaw III the Generous of Legnica and King John of Bohemia for the possession of the Duchy of Opawa Troppau The dispute ended in a compromise King John took the Duchy but had to pay 8 000 fines to Boleslaw III as compensation The contact with the Duke of Legnica allowed him to retake Niemcza In the early years of the 1320s Bernard was involved in an alliance with Wladyslaw I the Elbow high in a war against the Dukes of Glogow In the battle of Muhldorf of 1322 Bernard fought with King John and Louis IV now King of Germany Shortly afterwards he left for Masuria where he took part in the expedition organized by the Teutonic Knights against Lithuania Bernard died on 6 May 1326 and was buried in Grussau Abbey His effective government helped to increase the power of his Duchy which allowed his son Bolko II to become the last and most notorious independent ruler of the Piast dynasty Marriage and issue editIn 1310 Bernard married Kunigunde c 1298 9 April 1331 daughter of Wladyslaw I the Elbow high Duke of Kuyavia and since 1320 King of Poland They had five children Bolko II the Small c 1312 28 July 1368 Constance c 1313 by 21 November 1363 married by March 1326 to Duke Przemko II of Glogow Elisabeth c 1315 8 9 February 1348 married by 6 May 1326 to Duke Bolko II of Opole Henry II c 1316 by 28 June 1345 Beata c 1320 after 9 April 1331 External links editMarek Miroslav Complete Genealogy of the House of Piast Genealogy EU Preceded byBolko I the Strict Duke of Swidnica with Henry I until 1312 and Bolko II until 1322 1301 1326 Succeeded byBolko II the Small and Henry II Duke of Jaworwith Henry I and Bolko II1301 1312 Succeeded byHenry I Duke of Lwowekwith Henry I and Bolko II1301 1312 Duke of Ziebice with Henry I until 1312 and Bolko II1291 1322 Succeeded byBolko II Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bernard of Swidnica amp oldid 1189176031, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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