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Bermuda hotspot

January 01, 1970

The Bermuda hotspot is a supposed midplate hotspot swell in the Atlantic Ocean 500–1,000 km (310–620 mi) southeast of Bermuda,[1] proposed to explain the extinct volcanoes of the Bermuda Rise as well as the Mississippi Embayment[2][3][4] and the Sabine Uplift southwest of the Mississippi Embayment.[5]

A 2002 paper proposes that the Bermuda hotspot generated the Mississippi Embayment in the Early Cretaceous Epoch, when the hotspot strengthened and uplifted the present-day Mississippi Valley. The resulting highland eroded over time, and when North American plate motion moved the valley away from the hotspot, the resulting thinned lithosphere subsided, forming a trough. The seismic zones centered on New Madrid, Missouri, and Charleston, South Carolina, and the volcanic kimberlite pipes in Arkansas are cited as evidence.[4]

Other published reports[6][7] argue that the lack of a chain of age-progressive seamounts (as in the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain), the absence of present-day volcanism, and the elongation of the Bermuda Rise oblique to plate motion are evidence against a hotspot origin for the Bermuda Rise. Others[6] alternatively attribute the Bermuda Rise to a reorganization of plate tectonics associated with the closing of the Tethys Sea, though noting that shallow processes may not explain the source of the magmatism. A more recent paper[7] finds a thinning in the mantle transition zone under Bermuda, apparently consistent with mantle upwelling and a hot lower mantle below Bermuda. A still more recent paper,[8] based on geochemical analysis of a drill core, suggests that Bermuda volcanism sampled a transient mantle reservoir in the mantle transition zone that was formed by chemical recycling related to subduction during the formation of Pangaea.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Vacher, H.L.; Rowe, Mark (1997). Vacher, H.L.; Quinn, T. (eds.). Geology and Hydrogeology of Bermuda, in Geology and Hydrogeology of Carbonate Islands, Developments in Sedimentology 54. Amsterdam: elsevier Science B.V. pp. 35–90. ISBN 9780444516442.
  2. ^ Cox, Randel T.; Roy B. Van Arsdale (January 2007). "The Mississippi's Curious Origins". Scientific American. 296 (1): 76–82B. Bibcode:2007SciAm.296a..76V. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0107-76. PMID 17186836.
  3. ^ Cox, Randel T.; Roy B. Van Arsdale (1997). "Hotspot origin of the Mississippi embayment and its possible impact on contemporary seismicity". Engineering Geology. 46 (3–4): 201–216. Bibcode:1997EngGe..46..201C. doi:10.1016/S0013-7952(97)00003-3.
  4. ^ a b Cox, Randel T.; Roy B. Van Arsdale (2002). "The Mississippi Embayment North America: A First Order Continental Structure Generated by the Cretaceaous Superplume Mantle Event". Journal of Geodynamics. 34 (2): 163–176. Bibcode:2002JGeo...34..163C. doi:10.1016/S0264-3707(02)00019-4.
  5. ^ Nunn, Jeffrey A. (1990). "Relaxation of Continental Lithosphere: an Explanation for Late Cretaceous Reactivation of the Sabine Uplift of Louisiana-Texas". Tectonics. 9 (2): 341–359. Bibcode:1990Tecto...9..341N. doi:10.1029/TC009i002p00341.
  6. ^ a b Vogt, Peter R.; Woo-Yeol Jung (2007). Origin of the Bermuda volcanoes and the Bermuda Rise: History, observations, models, and puzzles (PDF). Vol. 430. pp. 553–591. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.484.2851. doi:10.1130/2007.2430(27). ISBN 978-0-8137-2430-0. Retrieved 12 August 2008. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
  7. ^ a b Benoit, Margaret H.; Maureen D. Long; Scott D. King (2013). "Anomalously thin transition zone and apparently isotropic upper mantle beneath Bermuda: Evidence for upwelling". Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 14 (10): 4282. Bibcode:2013GGG....14.4282B. doi:10.1002/ggge.20277.
  8. ^ Mazza, Sarah E.; Esteban Gazel; Michael Bizimis; Robert Moucha; Paul Béguelin; Elizabeth A. Johnson; Ryan McAleer; Alexander V. Sobolev (2019). "Sampling the volatile-rich transition zone beneath Bermuda". Nature. 569 (7756): 398–403. Bibcode:2019Natur.569..398M. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1183-6. PMID 31092940. S2CID 155103393.

32°31′02″N 65°00′57″W / 32.5173°N 65.0158°W / 32.5173; -65.0158


 

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January 01, 1970
bermuda, hotspot, supposed, midplate, hotspot, swell, atlantic, ocean, southeast, bermuda, proposed, explain, extinct, volcanoes, bermuda, rise, well, mississippi, embayment, sabine, uplift, southwest, mississippi, embayment, 2002, paper, proposes, that, gener. The Bermuda hotspot is a supposed midplate hotspot swell in the Atlantic Ocean 500 1 000 km 310 620 mi southeast of Bermuda 1 proposed to explain the extinct volcanoes of the Bermuda Rise as well as the Mississippi Embayment 2 3 4 and the Sabine Uplift southwest of the Mississippi Embayment 5 A 2002 paper proposes that the Bermuda hotspot generated the Mississippi Embayment in the Early Cretaceous Epoch when the hotspot strengthened and uplifted the present day Mississippi Valley The resulting highland eroded over time and when North American plate motion moved the valley away from the hotspot the resulting thinned lithosphere subsided forming a trough The seismic zones centered on New Madrid Missouri and Charleston South Carolina and the volcanic kimberlite pipes in Arkansas are cited as evidence 4 Other published reports 6 7 argue that the lack of a chain of age progressive seamounts as in the Hawaiian Emperor seamount chain the absence of present day volcanism and the elongation of the Bermuda Rise oblique to plate motion are evidence against a hotspot origin for the Bermuda Rise Others 6 alternatively attribute the Bermuda Rise to a reorganization of plate tectonics associated with the closing of the Tethys Sea though noting that shallow processes may not explain the source of the magmatism A more recent paper 7 finds a thinning in the mantle transition zone under Bermuda apparently consistent with mantle upwelling and a hot lower mantle below Bermuda A still more recent paper 8 based on geochemical analysis of a drill core suggests that Bermuda volcanism sampled a transient mantle reservoir in the mantle transition zone that was formed by chemical recycling related to subduction during the formation of Pangaea See also editBermuda PedestalReferences edit Vacher H L Rowe Mark 1997 Vacher H L Quinn T eds Geology and Hydrogeology of Bermuda in Geology and Hydrogeology of Carbonate Islands Developments in Sedimentology 54 Amsterdam elsevier Science B V pp 35 90 ISBN 9780444516442 Cox Randel T Roy B Van Arsdale January 2007 The Mississippi s Curious Origins Scientific American 296 1 76 82B Bibcode 2007SciAm 296a 76V doi 10 1038 scientificamerican0107 76 PMID 17186836 Cox Randel T Roy B Van Arsdale 1997 Hotspot origin of the Mississippi embayment and its possible impact on contemporary seismicity Engineering Geology 46 3 4 201 216 Bibcode 1997EngGe 46 201C doi 10 1016 S0013 7952 97 00003 3 a b Cox Randel T Roy B Van Arsdale 2002 The Mississippi Embayment North America A First Order Continental Structure Generated by the Cretaceaous Superplume Mantle Event Journal of Geodynamics 34 2 163 176 Bibcode 2002JGeo 34 163C doi 10 1016 S0264 3707 02 00019 4 Nunn Jeffrey A 1990 Relaxation of Continental Lithosphere an Explanation for Late Cretaceous Reactivation of the Sabine Uplift of Louisiana Texas Tectonics 9 2 341 359 Bibcode 1990Tecto 9 341N doi 10 1029 TC009i002p00341 a b Vogt Peter R Woo Yeol Jung 2007 Origin of the Bermuda volcanoes and the Bermuda Rise History observations models and puzzles PDF Vol 430 pp 553 591 CiteSeerX 10 1 1 484 2851 doi 10 1130 2007 2430 27 ISBN 978 0 8137 2430 0 Retrieved 12 August 2008 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a journal ignored help a b Benoit Margaret H Maureen D Long Scott D King 2013 Anomalously thin transition zone and apparently isotropic upper mantle beneath Bermuda Evidence for upwelling Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems 14 10 4282 Bibcode 2013GGG 14 4282B doi 10 1002 ggge 20277 Mazza Sarah E Esteban Gazel Michael Bizimis Robert Moucha Paul Beguelin Elizabeth A Johnson Ryan McAleer Alexander V Sobolev 2019 Sampling the volatile rich transition zone beneath Bermuda Nature 569 7756 398 403 Bibcode 2019Natur 569 398M doi 10 1038 s41586 019 1183 6 PMID 31092940 S2CID 155103393 32 31 02 N 65 00 57 W 32 5173 N 65 0158 W 32 5173 65 0158 nbsp This Bermuda location article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bermuda hotspot amp oldid 1188820155, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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