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Bellows Air Force Station

Bellows Air Force Station (Bellows Field) is a United States military reservation located in Waimanalo, Hawaii. Once an important air field during World War II, the reservation now serves as a military training area and recreation area for active and retired military and civilian employees of the Department of Defense. Bellows AFS is operated by Detachment 2, 18th Force Support Squadron of the 18th Mission Support Group based at Kadena Air Base, Okinawa, Japan. Located on the opposite side of Oahu is the similar Pililaau Army Recreation Center, part of the Armed Forces Recreation Centers system.

Bellows Air Force Station
This is the sign located at the entrance to Bellows Air Force Station in Hawaii.
Bellows Air Force Station
Coordinates21°22′08.71″N 157°42′40.12″W / 21.3690861°N 157.7111444°W / 21.3690861; -157.7111444
View of Bellows from ridge above Lanikai

Created in 1917 as the Waimänalo Military Reservation on a former sugarcane plantation,[1] the base was renamed Bellows Field in 1933 after Lt. Franklin Barney Bellows, a World War I war hero. Bellows Field was made a permanent military post in July 1941, and it was one of the airfields targeted during the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. The attack at Bellows Field killed two United States Army Air Forces airmen—George Allison Whiteman and Hans C. Christiansen—and injured six others.[2] One B-17 bomber ("Skipper" 40-2049) was forced to land at Bellows during the attack when Japanese aircraft activity made landing at Hickam Field impossible.

Bellows Field was used for recreational gliders in the late 1950s and early 1960s. A truck would tow a glider into the air, then the glider pilot would release the tow cable and then catch updrafts from the prevailing wind blowing inshore and deflecting upwards from the very nearby mountains. In this way the pilot could keep the glider in the air as long as desired.

Bellows AFS was also the Air Force transmitter-facility site for long-haul high-frequency radio communications from the late 1950s until HF radio was largely replaced by the military satellite program. HF radio links were established using highly directional Sloping "V" antennas to Clark Air Base, Philippines, and McClellan AFB, California. Message circuits were originated or relayed at Hickam AFB, near Pearl Harbor, and sent to Bellows for re-transmission over the HF systems. The receiver site was geographically separated from the transmitter site to prevent RF interference from the high-power transmitters.

Recreation Center edit

In 1958, when the last runways were closed and the flying field status terminated,[3] Bellows was renamed Bellows Air Force Station with a primary mission as an Armed Forces Recreation Center. As a Recreation Center, Bellows AFS provides beachfront cabins, camping, and limited condominium style apartments for active duty, reserve, and retired military personnel to stay in. Additionally, there is a small AAFES Express shopette, a paintball course, and Turtle Cove outdoor adventure program office.

 
A panorama of the northern section of Bellows Beach. Antenna installation on the right marks the beginning of the southern section of the beach
 
Front view of duplex cabin at Bellows AFS, Hawaii.
 
View of rear of duplex cabin at Bellows AFS, Hawaii. Cabins come with charcoal barbecues, picnic tables and chairs.

Marine Corps Training Area Bellows edit

The Marine Corps acquired approximately 1,049 acres (4.25 km2) of Bellows from the Air Force in 1999. The Marine Corps Training Area Bellows is now part of Marine Corps Base Hawaii, headquartered in Kaneohe Bay. MCTAB adds significant training capabilities and maneuver space for non-live fire military training activities. The Marines and other services use the training areas to conduct amphibious, helicopter, and motorized exercises in conjunction with troop land maneuver training. It is currently the only place in Hawaii where amphibious landings can transition directly into maneuver training areas for extremely realistic military training.

Recent improvements to the training area over the old runway include construction of a forward operating base (FOB) mock-up around the old Bldg. 700, Bldg. 700 renovations, and a modular military operations in urban terrain (MOUT) training system that consists of 74 buildings (made from shipping containers) on four separate sites. Additional containers have been moved into the main training area to be used as part of a combat vehicle operators' course for Marines to simulate driving in real-world conditions.[4]

Hawaii Army National Guard 298th Regiment, MFTU (RTI) edit

The 298th Regiment, Multi-Functional Training Unit (MFTU), Regional Training Institute (RTI) is part of the Army's Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) Army School System. The headquarters and 1st and 2nd Battalions are located at Bellows Air Force Station in Waimanalo, Hawaii. The Ordnance Training Company is located at the Regional Training Site Maintenance (RTSM) facilities in Pearl City, Hawaii.

The RTI is accredited by various agencies, including TRADOC, the U.S. Army Sergeants Major Academy, active duty proponent schools for the various military occupational specialties, and the U.S. Army Ordnance Center.

 
The Hawaii Army National Guard 298th Regiment, Regional Training Institute located on Bellows Air Force Station, Hawaii.

History and ecology edit

 
1968 USGS flood map, Bellows Air Force Station[5]

Bellows Japanese Cemetery is a historic Japanese cemetery on the base. The cemetery is excluded from military use. Marine Corps research has identified 57 burials with approximately 45 grave markers. The markers are primarily written in Japanese. The death dates of the dead are primarily in the 1910s; the most recent burial was 1943. [1]

The U.S. Department of Defense has organized removal of invasive ironwood trees.[6] The base command is also working on sand dune restoration in order to minimize beach erosion.[7]

The Nation of Hawaiʻi organization at Puʻuhonua o Waimānalo village is working to restore the indigenous Ahupuaʻa watershed-management system upstream from the base.[8]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b Kakesako, Gregg K. (2020-05-20). "Lead Story – Obon: The Graves at Bellows Air Force Station". The Hawaii Herald. Retrieved 2023-01-16.
  2. ^ "BELLOWS FIELD". Hawaii Aviation.
  3. ^ "Obama family hits the beach on Hawaii vacation". www.10tv.com. December 29, 2016. Retrieved 2023-01-16.
  4. ^ "Bellows Field - Hawaii Aviation". hawaii.gov.
  5. ^ "Floods in Waimanalo Area, Oahu, Hawaii" (PDF). usgs.gov. Retrieved 2023-01-16.
  6. ^ "Invasive Ironwood". www.defense.gov. Retrieved 2023-01-16.
  7. ^ Hittle, Anukriti (2015). "Not Just Another Pretty Beach: Bellows Air Force Station deals with shoreline loss" (PDF). climateadaptation.hawaii.gov. Retrieved 2023-01-16.
  8. ^ Millison, Andrew, Native Hawaiians Reclaim Their Watershed – via YouTube

External links edit

  • BellowsAF.com
  • Bellows Air Force Station at GlobalSecurity.org

21°22′08.71″N 157°42′40.12″W / 21.3690861°N 157.7111444°W / 21.3690861; -157.7111444

bellows, force, station, bellows, field, united, states, military, reservation, located, waimanalo, hawaii, once, important, field, during, world, reservation, serves, military, training, area, recreation, area, active, retired, military, civilian, employees, . Bellows Air Force Station Bellows Field is a United States military reservation located in Waimanalo Hawaii Once an important air field during World War II the reservation now serves as a military training area and recreation area for active and retired military and civilian employees of the Department of Defense Bellows AFS is operated by Detachment 2 18th Force Support Squadron of the 18th Mission Support Group based at Kadena Air Base Okinawa Japan Located on the opposite side of Oahu is the similar Pililaau Army Recreation Center part of the Armed Forces Recreation Centers system Bellows Air Force StationThis is the sign located at the entrance to Bellows Air Force Station in Hawaii Bellows Air Force StationCoordinates21 22 08 71 N 157 42 40 12 W 21 3690861 N 157 7111444 W 21 3690861 157 7111444View of Bellows from ridge above LanikaiCreated in 1917 as the Waimanalo Military Reservation on a former sugarcane plantation 1 the base was renamed Bellows Field in 1933 after Lt Franklin Barney Bellows a World War I war hero Bellows Field was made a permanent military post in July 1941 and it was one of the airfields targeted during the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7 1941 The attack at Bellows Field killed two United States Army Air Forces airmen George Allison Whiteman and Hans C Christiansen and injured six others 2 One B 17 bomber Skipper 40 2049 was forced to land at Bellows during the attack when Japanese aircraft activity made landing at Hickam Field impossible Bellows Field was used for recreational gliders in the late 1950s and early 1960s A truck would tow a glider into the air then the glider pilot would release the tow cable and then catch updrafts from the prevailing wind blowing inshore and deflecting upwards from the very nearby mountains In this way the pilot could keep the glider in the air as long as desired Bellows AFS was also the Air Force transmitter facility site for long haul high frequency radio communications from the late 1950s until HF radio was largely replaced by the military satellite program HF radio links were established using highly directional Sloping V antennas to Clark Air Base Philippines and McClellan AFB California Message circuits were originated or relayed at Hickam AFB near Pearl Harbor and sent to Bellows for re transmission over the HF systems The receiver site was geographically separated from the transmitter site to prevent RF interference from the high power transmitters Contents 1 Recreation Center 2 Marine Corps Training Area Bellows 3 Hawaii Army National Guard 298th Regiment MFTU RTI 4 History and ecology 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksRecreation Center editIn 1958 when the last runways were closed and the flying field status terminated 3 Bellows was renamed Bellows Air Force Station with a primary mission as an Armed Forces Recreation Center As a Recreation Center Bellows AFS provides beachfront cabins camping and limited condominium style apartments for active duty reserve and retired military personnel to stay in Additionally there is a small AAFES Express shopette a paintball course and Turtle Cove outdoor adventure program office nbsp A panorama of the northern section of Bellows Beach Antenna installation on the right marks the beginning of the southern section of the beach nbsp Front view of duplex cabin at Bellows AFS Hawaii nbsp View of rear of duplex cabin at Bellows AFS Hawaii Cabins come with charcoal barbecues picnic tables and chairs Marine Corps Training Area Bellows editThe Marine Corps acquired approximately 1 049 acres 4 25 km2 of Bellows from the Air Force in 1999 The Marine Corps Training Area Bellows is now part of Marine Corps Base Hawaii headquartered in Kaneohe Bay MCTAB adds significant training capabilities and maneuver space for non live fire military training activities The Marines and other services use the training areas to conduct amphibious helicopter and motorized exercises in conjunction with troop land maneuver training It is currently the only place in Hawaii where amphibious landings can transition directly into maneuver training areas for extremely realistic military training Recent improvements to the training area over the old runway include construction of a forward operating base FOB mock up around the old Bldg 700 Bldg 700 renovations and a modular military operations in urban terrain MOUT training system that consists of 74 buildings made from shipping containers on four separate sites Additional containers have been moved into the main training area to be used as part of a combat vehicle operators course for Marines to simulate driving in real world conditions 4 Hawaii Army National Guard 298th Regiment MFTU RTI editThe 298th Regiment Multi Functional Training Unit MFTU Regional Training Institute RTI is part of the Army s Training and Doctrine Command TRADOC Army School System The headquarters and 1st and 2nd Battalions are located at Bellows Air Force Station in Waimanalo Hawaii The Ordnance Training Company is located at the Regional Training Site Maintenance RTSM facilities in Pearl City Hawaii The RTI is accredited by various agencies including TRADOC the U S Army Sergeants Major Academy active duty proponent schools for the various military occupational specialties and the U S Army Ordnance Center nbsp The Hawaii Army National Guard 298th Regiment Regional Training Institute located on Bellows Air Force Station Hawaii History and ecology edit nbsp 1968 USGS flood map Bellows Air Force Station 5 Bellows Japanese Cemetery is a historic Japanese cemetery on the base The cemetery is excluded from military use Marine Corps research has identified 57 burials with approximately 45 grave markers The markers are primarily written in Japanese The death dates of the dead are primarily in the 1910s the most recent burial was 1943 1 The U S Department of Defense has organized removal of invasive ironwood trees 6 The base command is also working on sand dune restoration in order to minimize beach erosion 7 The Nation of Hawaiʻi organization at Puʻuhonua o Waimanalo village is working to restore the indigenous Ahupuaʻa watershed management system upstream from the base 8 See also editHawaii World War II Army AirfieldsReferences edit a b Kakesako Gregg K 2020 05 20 Lead Story Obon The Graves at Bellows Air Force Station The Hawaii Herald Retrieved 2023 01 16 BELLOWS FIELD Hawaii Aviation Obama family hits the beach on Hawaii vacation www 10tv com December 29 2016 Retrieved 2023 01 16 Bellows Field Hawaii Aviation hawaii gov Floods in Waimanalo Area Oahu Hawaii PDF usgs gov Retrieved 2023 01 16 Invasive Ironwood www defense gov Retrieved 2023 01 16 Hittle Anukriti 2015 Not Just Another Pretty Beach Bellows Air Force Station deals with shoreline loss PDF climateadaptation hawaii gov Retrieved 2023 01 16 Millison Andrew Native Hawaiians Reclaim Their Watershed via YouTubeExternal links editBellowsAF com Bellows Air Force Station at GlobalSecurity org21 22 08 71 N 157 42 40 12 W 21 3690861 N 157 7111444 W 21 3690861 157 7111444 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bellows Air Force Station amp oldid 1184373618, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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