This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources. Find sources: "Beatrice of Swabia" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR(November 2018)
Beatrice or Beatrix of Swabia (April/June 1198 – 11 August 1212), a member of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, was Holy Roman Empress and German Queen in 1212 as the first wife of the Welf emperor Otto IV.[1] She was also the shortest-serving Holy Roman Empress, dying three weeks into her marriage.
Beatrice of Swabia
Portrait in the WeingartenStifterbüchlein (c. 1500)
Born at Worms in Rhenish Franconia in April or June 1198, Beatrice was the eldest daughter and first child of Duke Philip of Swabia, who during the time of her birth was elected German king (King of the Romans or Rex Francorum according to Salic law), and his wife, the Byzantine princess Irene Angelina. After her father Philip, a younger brother of late Emperor Henry VI, had been elected king on 8 March 1198, her future husband Otto of Brunswick was elected Anti-king of Germany on 9 June.
Struggles for betrothaledit
Already in 1203, King Philip attempted to betroth Beatrice to the nephew of Pope Innocent III, in order to gain the support of the Roman Curia. However, his plans failed and the rivals continued to fight. In 1207 Philip made an attempt to reconcile with Otto by offering him the hands of his daughter. Though Otto's strategic position had become unfavourable, he did not accept until Philip on 21 June was killed by the Bavarian count palatine Otto VIII of Wittelsbach. Otto of Wittelsbach, who had to dissolve his former engagement with Philip's daughter Kunigunde, had asked for the hand of either Beatrice or one of her three younger sisters in compensation. His request had been denied and he reacted violently. Beatrice was orphaned, when her mother Irene, renamed Maria, fled to Hohenstaufen Castle and died there on 27 August after delivering her youngest child.
Otto IV, suspected of being involved in the assassination, had by this point lost the support of his two main allies, Pope Innocent III and King John of England. He had been forced to retire to his hereditary lands near Brunswick in Saxony. However, the murder of Philip left him the only King of Germany. He took advantage to make amends with the remaining members and supporters of the House of Hohenstaufen and finally accepted late Philip's offer. Their new alliance was sealed with the betrothal of Beatrice to Otto IV.
On 11 November 1208, Otto IV was again elected King of Germany in Frankfurt. This time he was supported by members of both sides of the previous civil war. He was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Innocent III on 4 October 1209. Beatrice was only eleven years old and remained betrothed to Otto IV, approximately thirty-four years old.
Marriage and deathedit
As the bride was related to the Welf dynasty by her great-grandmother Judith of Bavaria, a papal consent had to be obtained, granted by Pope Innocent III in return for donations to the Cistercian abbeys of Walkenried and Riddagshausen. They were married in Nordhausen on 22 July 1212. The bride then was fourteen years old and the groom about thirty-seven.
The marriage with the granddaughter of late Emperor Frederick Barbarossa helped to reinforce Otto's position after Philip's nephew Frederick II, Beatrice's cousin, had been elected anti-king a year before. However, Beatrice soon fell sick and died only nineteen days after the marriage. She was childless at the time of her death.
Beatrice was buried in Brunswick Cathedral. A few weeks later, Frederick II arrived in Germany and on 9 December was crowned king in Mainz Cathedral. Otto IV was deposed and died in retirement at Harzburg Castle.
^Commire, Anne, ed. (8 October 1999). "Beatrice of Swabia (1198–1235)". Women in World History. Gale. p. 309. ISBN978-0-7876-4061-3 – via Encyclopedia.com.
External linksedit
Marek, Miroslav. "A listing of descendants of Frederick I, Duke of Swabia". Genealogy.EU.
beatrice, swabia, queen, castile, elisabeth, swabia, this, article, relies, largely, entirely, single, source, relevant, discussion, found, talk, page, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, citations, additional, sources, find, sources, news, news. For the Queen of Castile see Elisabeth of Swabia This article relies largely or entirely on a single source Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources Find sources Beatrice of Swabia news newspapers books scholar JSTOR November 2018 Beatrice or Beatrix of Swabia April June 1198 11 August 1212 a member of the Hohenstaufen dynasty was Holy Roman Empress and German Queen in 1212 as the first wife of the Welf emperor Otto IV 1 She was also the shortest serving Holy Roman Empress dying three weeks into her marriage Beatrice of SwabiaPortrait in the Weingarten Stifterbuchlein c 1500 Holy Roman EmpressQueen consort of GermanyTenure22 July 1212 11 August 1212BornApril or June 1198Worms FranconiaDied 1212 08 11 11 August 1212 aged 14 Nordhausen ThuringiaBurialBrunswick CathedralSpouseOtto IV Holy Roman EmperorHouseHohenstaufenFatherPhilip of SwabiaMotherIrene Angelina Contents 1 Life 1 1 Struggles for betrothal 1 2 Marriage and death 2 Ancestry 3 References 4 External linksLife editBorn at Worms in Rhenish Franconia in April or June 1198 Beatrice was the eldest daughter and first child of Duke Philip of Swabia who during the time of her birth was elected German king King of the Romans or Rex Francorum according to Salic law and his wife the Byzantine princess Irene Angelina After her father Philip a younger brother of late Emperor Henry VI had been elected king on 8 March 1198 her future husband Otto of Brunswick was elected Anti king of Germany on 9 June Struggles for betrothal edit Already in 1203 King Philip attempted to betroth Beatrice to the nephew of Pope Innocent III in order to gain the support of the Roman Curia However his plans failed and the rivals continued to fight In 1207 Philip made an attempt to reconcile with Otto by offering him the hands of his daughter Though Otto s strategic position had become unfavourable he did not accept until Philip on 21 June was killed by the Bavarian count palatine Otto VIII of Wittelsbach Otto of Wittelsbach who had to dissolve his former engagement with Philip s daughter Kunigunde had asked for the hand of either Beatrice or one of her three younger sisters in compensation His request had been denied and he reacted violently Beatrice was orphaned when her mother Irene renamed Maria fled to Hohenstaufen Castle and died there on 27 August after delivering her youngest child Otto IV suspected of being involved in the assassination had by this point lost the support of his two main allies Pope Innocent III and King John of England He had been forced to retire to his hereditary lands near Brunswick in Saxony However the murder of Philip left him the only King of Germany He took advantage to make amends with the remaining members and supporters of the House of Hohenstaufen and finally accepted late Philip s offer Their new alliance was sealed with the betrothal of Beatrice to Otto IV On 11 November 1208 Otto IV was again elected King of Germany in Frankfurt This time he was supported by members of both sides of the previous civil war He was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Innocent III on 4 October 1209 Beatrice was only eleven years old and remained betrothed to Otto IV approximately thirty four years old Marriage and death edit As the bride was related to the Welf dynasty by her great grandmother Judith of Bavaria a papal consent had to be obtained granted by Pope Innocent III in return for donations to the Cistercian abbeys of Walkenried and Riddagshausen They were married in Nordhausen on 22 July 1212 The bride then was fourteen years old and the groom about thirty seven The marriage with the granddaughter of late Emperor Frederick Barbarossa helped to reinforce Otto s position after Philip s nephew Frederick II Beatrice s cousin had been elected anti king a year before However Beatrice soon fell sick and died only nineteen days after the marriage She was childless at the time of her death Beatrice was buried in Brunswick Cathedral A few weeks later Frederick II arrived in Germany and on 9 December was crowned king in Mainz Cathedral Otto IV was deposed and died in retirement at Harzburg Castle Ancestry editAncestors of Beatrice of Swabia8 Frederick II Duke of Swabia4 Frederick I Barbarossa9 Judith of Bavaria Duchess of Swabia2 Philip of Swabia10 Reginald III Count of Burgundy5 Beatrice I Countess of Burgundy11 Agatha of Lorraine1 Beatrice of Swabia12 Andronikos Angelos Doukas6 Isaac II Angelos13 Euphrosyne Kastamonitissa3 Irene Angelina7 IreneReferences edit Commire Anne ed 8 October 1999 Beatrice of Swabia 1198 1235 Women in World History Gale p 309 ISBN 978 0 7876 4061 3 via Encyclopedia com External links editMarek Miroslav A listing of descendants of Frederick I Duke of Swabia Genealogy EU Beatrice of SwabiaHouse of Hohenstaufen Royal titles VacantTitle last held byConstance of Sicily Empress consort ofthe Holy Roman Empire22 July 1212 11 August 1212 VacantTitle next held byMarie of Brabant VacantTitle last held byIrene Angelina Queen consort of Germany22 July 1212 11 August 1212 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Beatrice of Swabia amp oldid 1211976792, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
