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Timeline of Calgary history

January 01, 1970

This is a timeline of the history of Calgary, Alberta, Canada..

18th century edit

19th century edit

20th century edit

21st century edit

List of riots and civil unrest in Calgary edit

The following is a timeline of riots and civil unrest in Calgary, Alberta.[5] Since its incorporation as a town in 1884, like other cities, Calgary has had to deal with a variety of violence. Calgary has been credited with maintaining relative civility during duress.[6] The Great Depression in Canada has received particular attention from sociologists and historians, including Thomas Thorner and Neil Watson who wrote, "There is little question that Calgary experienced its share of civil strife during the Depression. Battles between police and the single unemployed men, full scale riots and threats to blow up public buildings appear to have been almost annual events."[7] According to Stephen Graham, a Professor of Human Geography at Durham University, recent events have seen the City of Calgary change their tactics towards civil unrest activities such as protests.[8]

Events edit

Riots and civil unrest in Calgary, Alberta, Canada in chronological order
Date Issue Event
August 2, 1892 Racial tension After the Chinese community was blamed for a smallpox outbreak, a race riot ensued. The event started when city authorities burned a laundry where a Chinese worker contracted the disease, and its occupants were quarantined. Nine Chinese contracted the disease, and three died. Alleging the spread was caused by unhygienic living conditions, a mob of over 300 men smashed doors and windows of all the Chinese laundries, destroyed and looted property, and assaulted Chinese residents. As the riot ended, police arrived. Many in the Chinese community sought refuge at the North-West Mounted Police barracks or in the homes of clergymen. The NWMP patrolled Calgary continuously for the next 3 weeks to protect Chinese Calgarians.[9][10][11][12]
July 16, 1902 Labour unrest The Calgary Trades and Labour Council hosts a demonstration with several thousand participants in support of local labour.[13]
February 10, 1916 Ethnic and labour tension An anti-German riot destroys the Riverside Hotel at 4 Street S.E. and Boulevard Avenue. It reportedly started because the owner was German.[14] During the same month 500 servicemen and civilians destroy Nagel's White Lunch Cafe after the owner reportedly hired an Austrian immigrant instead of a returning soldier.[15]
October 11, 1916 Military unrest Soldiers from the 218th Battalion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force, or CEF, overcame the local police. "The city virtually is in the hands of the soldier mob"[16][17][18][19] Morris "Two Gun" Cohen was implicated as a leader of the events during a series of trials held in the city; however, he was acquitted after successfully defending himself in court.[20][21]
January 1918 Labour unrest Calgary freight handlers go on strike in defiance of a federal ban on strikes. Civic workers, street railway workers and teamsters walked out in sympathy. Five strike leaders were arrested, paving the way towards the creation of the One Big Union.[22]
February 8, 1917 Military unrest Soldiers from the former 218th Battalion of the CEF having been relocated from Calgary to Edmonton, rioted on 101 Street after being ordered to depart immediately for Europe. They attacked 14 stores, restaurants and cafes throughout the city.[23]
May 1919 Labour unrest After the formation of the One Big Union in Calgary in March 1919, the Calgary General Strike was held in solidarity with the Winnipeg General Strike. There was almost a full stoppage of local government, industrial and commercial activities in the city after thousands of workers stopped work for more than a month.[24]
January 1926 Unemployment More than 40 protesters with the Central Council of the Unemployed were arrested by police after ordering meals and refusing to pay in protest of the city's refusal to provide relief for the homeless and jobless.
December 1926 Unemployment 300 protesters with the Central Council of the Unemployed marched on City Hall for "relief" in the form of places to sleep, food to eat and transportation to work sites.[25]
June 30, 1931 Unemployment After several days of "ominous silence" among Calgary's unemployed, a meeting was held between the National Unemployed Workers Association and members of the Calgary City Council. When the crowd gathered outside, it was told to disperse by the Calgary Police. They re-assembled in a nearby vacant lot called "Red Square." After a series of speeches, the crowd was told to disperse, and when they did not, police took away a popular speaker from the platform. A riot ensued, which a local newspaper referred to saying, "It appears to have come to a showdown; the authority of the city is challenged which must be met decisively."[26]
June 10, 1935 Unemployment Hundreds of protesters participating in the On-to-Ottawa Trek took hostages at the Calgary Relief Office for several hours before continuing out of the city. Prime Minister R.B. Bennett decided not to take action against the trekkers in Calgary. Hundreds more unemployed, some from Edmonton, joined the Trek as it left the city. The Trek was brutally disbanded in Regina several weeks later.[27]
1940 Racial tension A group of 300 white soldiers rioted in Calgary's "Harlemtown" near the railway tracks east of downtown. After they invaded the home of a black band leader, military police intervened and were credited with ending the incident.[28][29][30][31]
November 28, 1974 Racial tension The Calgary Urban Treaty Indian Alliance held a demonstration over social service funding in which dozens of men, women and children occupied the Indian Affairs office in the city. Government officials labeled the participants "terrorists". The local papers charged the protesters with "public mischief" and civil infractions. While charges were not lodged against demonstrators, several reported increased government discrimination against them afterward.[32]
December 2, 1983 Sporting disruption A riot broke out during a Stampede Wrestling match at the Victoria Pavilion. Speaking of the events, announcer Ed Whalen remarked, "We're starting to scare the patrons with this violence outside the ring, and I will not be associated with it anymore."[33] The event led to Stampede Wrestling being banned from Calgary for six months by the city's wrestling and boxing commission, and within a year the operation was sold to the World Wrestling Federation.[34]
October 25, 1993 Education 2,000 students walkout of Calgary's schools to protest cuts to education, causing public disruption and raising awareness about the situation in education funding.[35]
June 11–15, 2000 Anti-globalization 2,000 protesters participated in a "carnivalesque" atmosphere at the World Petroleum Congress while 1,500 police from a number of jurisdictions were involved in counter-protest operations. Other measures included, "police 'spotters' positioned on top of downtown office towers while helicopters busily circled overhead."[36]
June 25–27, 2002 Anti-globalization About 4000-5000 demonstrators participate in a variety of events throughout Calgary in protest of the Group of Eight, or G8, meeting in Kananaskis, Alberta.[37][38]
March 21, 2008 Racial tension The Aryan Guard staged a demonstration in downtown Calgary on Good Friday and United Nations International Day for the Elimination of Racism.[39][40][41] More than 40[42] supporters of the Aryan Guard faced a crowd of more than 200 anti-racist protesters, including anarchists, communists and union leaders, who prevented the Guard from reaching their planned meeting place at the Mewata Armouries. Police then formed a human barrier between the two groups and blocked the movement of the counter-protesters while escorting the Aryan Guard down Stephen Avenue and up the steps of City Hall, where they waved flags proclaiming "White Pride Worldwide".[43] Members of the Aryan Guard also taunted local anti-racism activists whose home was fire bombed on February 12, 2008, while they and their four children were inside.[44]

List of localities annexed edit

Through its various annexations, the following localities are now in Calgary.[45]

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Alberta Tourism, Parks, Recreation and Culture. . Archived from the original on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2007-08-24.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ Fitzgerald, J.G. (1885). Business directory of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Calgary, Alberta: Calgary Herald Printing & Publishing Co.
  3. ^ City of Calgary. "Historical Information". Retrieved 2007-09-23.
  4. ^ "Parkdale Community Heritage Inventory". Land Use Planning and Policy Planning, Development and Assessment. December 2008. Retrieved 7 November 2015.
  5. ^ Jamieson, S. "Some reflections on violence and the law in industrial relations," in Bercuson, D.J. and Knafla, L.A. (1979) Law and society in Canada in historical perspective. University of Calgary. See pp. 141, 145 and 150 for multiple analyses of the riots and civil unrest in Calgary.
  6. ^ Torrance, J.M.C. (1986) Public Violence in Canada, 1867-1982. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. p 135.
  7. ^ Thorner, T. and Watson, N. (1981) "Patterns of Prairie Crime: Calgary, 1875-1939," in Crime and Criminal Justice in Europe and Canada. Knafla, L.A. (ed.) Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfried Laurier University Press, p. 231.
  8. ^ Graham, S. (2004) Cities, War, and Terrorism: Towards an Urban Geopolitics. Blackwell Publishing. p 223.
  9. ^ "Calgary Timeline" 2007-08-20 at the Wayback Machine, Calgary Public Library. Retrieved 4/22/08.
  10. ^ "Asian North American History Project." 2007-07-30 at the Wayback Machine ExplorASIAN. Retrieved 4/22/08.
  11. ^ "Calgary's Chinese community", University of Calgary. Retrieved 4/22/08.
  12. ^ Torrance, J.M.C. (1986) Public Violence in Canada, 1867-1982. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. p 31.
  13. ^ Bright, D. (1999) The Limits of Labour: Class Formation and the Labour Movement in Calgary. UBC Press. p 85.
  14. ^ "Glenbow library and archives", University of Alberta/Glenbow Museum. Retrieved 4/22/08.
  15. ^ Bright, D. (1999) p 139.
  16. ^ "Soldiers riot in Calgary", The New York Times. October 12, 1916. Retrieved 4/22/08.
  17. ^ Lackenbauer, P.W. (2007) "Soldiers Behaving Badly: CEF Soldier 'Rioting' in Canada during the First World War," in The Apathetic and the Defiant: Case Studies of Canadian Mutiny and Disobedience, 1812 to 1919, ed. Craig Leslie Mantle. Kingston: CDA Press/Dundurn. p 195-260.
  18. ^ Lackenbauer, P. W. (2005) "Partisan Politics, Civic Priorities, and the Urban Militia: Situating the Calgary Armoury, 1907-17", Urban History Review 33(2) p. 45-60.
  19. ^ Lackenbauer, P.W. (2001) "The Government is in No Way Responsible for the Wrong-Doing of its Soldiers:’ Disciplinary and Legal Dimensions of the Canadian Expeditionary Force Riots in Calgary." In Perspectives on War: Essays on Security, Society and the State. C. Bullock and J. Dowding (eds) Society for Military and Strategic Studies. p 75-91.
  20. ^ Levy, D.S. (2002) Two-Gun Cohen. Macmillan. p 82-95.
  21. ^ Drage, C. (1964) The Life and Times of General Two-Gun Cohen. Funk and Wagnals. p 61.
  22. ^ The Strike as Political Protest. Simon Fraser University. Retrieved 4/22/08.
  23. ^ Levy, D.S. (2002) Two-Gun Cohen. Macmillan. p 95.
  24. ^ "Calgary 1919: The Birth of the OBU and the General Strike - Eugene Plawiuk". Libcom.org. Retrieved 4/22/08.
  25. ^ Bright, D. (1999) p 187.
  26. ^ Knafla, L.A. (ed.) (1981) Crime and Criminal Justice in Europe and Canada, Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfried Laurier University Press. p 246.
  27. ^ Ross, J.I. (2004) Violence in Canada: Sociopolitical Perspectives, Transaction Publishers. p 82.
  28. ^ "Calgary Timeline" 2007-08-20 at the Wayback Machine, Calgary Public Library. Retrieved 7/8/08.
  29. ^ Palmer, H., Palmer, T. J. and Palmer, T. (1985) Peoples of Alberta: Portraits of Cultural Diversity. Western Producer Prairie Books. p. 387.
  30. ^ (1963) "Color prejudice in Canada", Anthropological Journal of Canada. Anthropological Association of Canada, Guild of American Prehistorians. p 7.
  31. ^ Carter, S. (1997) Capturing Women: The Manipulation of Cultural Imagery in Canada's Prairie West, McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. p 197.
  32. ^ Treat, J. (2003) Around the Sacred Fire: Native Religious Activism in the Red Power Era, Macmillan. p 258.
  33. ^ McCoy, H. (2005) Pain and Passion: The History of Stampede Wrestling. CanWest Books. p 187.
  34. ^ Meltzer, D. (2004) Tributes II: Remembering More of the World's Greatest Professional Wrestlers. Sports Publishing LLC. pp 105-106.
  35. ^ Harrison, T., Kachur, J.L. (1999) Contested Classrooms: Education, Globalization, and Democracy in Alberta. p 127.
  36. ^ della Porta, D., Peterson, A. and Reiter, H. (2006) The Policing of Transnational Protest: An introduction, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p 83.
  37. ^ della Porta, D., Peterson, A. and Reiter, H. (2006) The Policing of Transnational Protest: An introduction. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p .
  38. ^ Marquis, S. "Thousands protest G8 in Calgary". Asheville Global Report, 2. June 2002. Retrieved 7/13/08.
  39. ^ Barr, MA. :Fight against racism is far from over", Red Deer Advocate. March 25, 2008. Retrieved on 2008-06-18.
  40. ^ Cariou, K. "Calgary Anti-racists challenge Neo-Nazi threats", People's Voice. March 16–31, 2008. Retrieved 2008-06-18.
  41. ^ "International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination 21 March" 2009-10-17 at the Wayback Machine, United Nations website. Retrieved 2008-06-18.
  42. ^ Komarnicki, J. "Anti-racists clash with Aryan Guard" 2008-03-23 at the Wayback Machine, Canada.com, Retrieved March 21, 2008.
  43. ^ Fernandez, P. "Skinhead rally causes clash", Calgary Sun. March 22, 2008. pg 3.
  44. ^ Fernandez, P. "Faces of hate unashamedly spew message", Calgary Sun. March 23, 2008. p 4.
  45. ^ "Economic Regions - SGC 2006 (4806016 - Calgary)". Statistics Canada. August 10, 2021. Retrieved September 21, 2021.

51°02′42″N 114°03′26″W / 51.04500°N 114.05722°W / 51.04500; -114.05722

January 01, 1970
timeline, calgary, history, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor,. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Timeline of Calgary history news newspapers books scholar JSTOR September 2023 Learn how and when to remove this message This is a timeline of the history of Calgary Alberta Canada Contents 1 18th century 2 19th century 3 20th century 4 21st century 5 List of riots and civil unrest in Calgary 5 1 Events 6 List of localities annexed 7 See also 8 Notes18th century edit1787 Cartographer David Thompson spent the winter with a band of Peigan encamped along the Bow River He was the first recorded European to visit the area 19th century edit1870 The future site of Calgary becomes part of Canada and of the North West Territories 1873 John Glenn was the first documented European settler in the Calgary area 1 1875 Originally named Fort Brisebois after NWMP officer Ephrem A Brisebois it was renamed Fort Calgary by Colonel James Macleod 1877 Treaty 7 is signed and title to the Fort Calgary area is ceded to the Crown 1882 First sawmill on the Bow River 2 1883 The Canadian Pacific Railway reached the area and a rail station was constructed 1884 Calgary was officially incorporated as a town and elected its first mayor George Murdoch 1885 Calgary Police Service established 1886 The Calgary Fire of 1886 1888 Anglican Diocese of Calgary established 1891 Calgary and Edmonton Railway opened 1894 It was incorporated as The City of Calgary in what was then the North West Territories 3 1900 Downtown East Village Calgary established 20th century editThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it October 2023 1910 Parkdale is annexed to the City of Calgary 4 77 1910 the 103rd Calgary Rifles is created 1912 The Calgary Stampede is held for the first time 1915 18 The Mewata Armouries are constructed 1919 The Victory Stampede was Calgary s second rodeo honoring the end of the Great War 1920 The 103rd Rifles is reorganized as The Calgary Regiment 1923 The Calgary Stampede held for the third time and annually since then 1924 The Calgary Highlanders split from the Calgary Regiment to become its own regiment 1932 33 The Glenmore Dam is constructed 1945 The current Calgary Stampeders of the Canadian Football League begin play 1947 Stampede Wrestling established 1948 The Calgary Regiment renamed The King s Own Calgary Regiment 1967 Construction of the Husky Tower started Opened to the public on June 30 1968 1970 First 15 enclosed pedestrian walkway constructed downtown 1980 The NHL s Calgary Flames begin play after relocating from Atlanta 1984 Suncor Energy Centre completed construction and becomes the new tallest building in Calgary 1988 Calgary hosts the 1988 Winter Olympics 1989 Bankers Hall East completed construction 1989 The Flames win the Stanley Cup the only time a visiting team has won the Stanley Cup in Montreal 1992 Stephen Avenue is designated as a National Historic Site of Canada 1996 Canadian Pacific Railway moves its head office from Montreal to Calgary 1997 Calgary Declaration 1999 Hub Oil explosion 2000 Bankers Hall West is completed 11 years after its twin 21st century edit2002 J26 G8 Protests 2007 City surpasses 1 000 000 residents 2010 After 26 years the Suncor Energy Centre is surpassed by The Bow as tallest building in Calgary 2011 Eighth Avenue Place I completed construction 2013 Widespread flooding across southern Alberta forces the evacuation of 75 000 Calgary residents 2018 Brookfield Place East is completed and becomes the new tallest building in Calgary List of riots and civil unrest in Calgary editThe following is a timeline of riots and civil unrest in Calgary Alberta 5 Since its incorporation as a town in 1884 like other cities Calgary has had to deal with a variety of violence Calgary has been credited with maintaining relative civility during duress 6 The Great Depression in Canada has received particular attention from sociologists and historians including Thomas Thorner and Neil Watson who wrote There is little question that Calgary experienced its share of civil strife during the Depression Battles between police and the single unemployed men full scale riots and threats to blow up public buildings appear to have been almost annual events 7 According to Stephen Graham a Professor of Human Geography at Durham University recent events have seen the City of Calgary change their tactics towards civil unrest activities such as protests 8 Events edit Riots and civil unrest in Calgary Alberta Canada in chronological order Date Issue Event August 2 1892 Racial tension After the Chinese community was blamed for a smallpox outbreak a race riot ensued The event started when city authorities burned a laundry where a Chinese worker contracted the disease and its occupants were quarantined Nine Chinese contracted the disease and three died Alleging the spread was caused by unhygienic living conditions a mob of over 300 men smashed doors and windows of all the Chinese laundries destroyed and looted property and assaulted Chinese residents As the riot ended police arrived Many in the Chinese community sought refuge at the North West Mounted Police barracks or in the homes of clergymen The NWMP patrolled Calgary continuously for the next 3 weeks to protect Chinese Calgarians 9 10 11 12 July 16 1902 Labour unrest The Calgary Trades and Labour Council hosts a demonstration with several thousand participants in support of local labour 13 February 10 1916 Ethnic and labour tension An anti German riot destroys the Riverside Hotel at 4 Street S E and Boulevard Avenue It reportedly started because the owner was German 14 During the same month 500 servicemen and civilians destroy Nagel s White Lunch Cafe after the owner reportedly hired an Austrian immigrant instead of a returning soldier 15 October 11 1916 Military unrest Soldiers from the 218th Battalion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force or CEF overcame the local police The city virtually is in the hands of the soldier mob 16 17 18 19 Morris Two Gun Cohen was implicated as a leader of the events during a series of trials held in the city however he was acquitted after successfully defending himself in court 20 21 January 1918 Labour unrest Calgary freight handlers go on strike in defiance of a federal ban on strikes Civic workers street railway workers and teamsters walked out in sympathy Five strike leaders were arrested paving the way towards the creation of the One Big Union 22 February 8 1917 Military unrest Soldiers from the former 218th Battalion of the CEF having been relocated from Calgary to Edmonton rioted on 101 Street after being ordered to depart immediately for Europe They attacked 14 stores restaurants and cafes throughout the city 23 May 1919 Labour unrest After the formation of the One Big Union in Calgary in March 1919 the Calgary General Strike was held in solidarity with the Winnipeg General Strike There was almost a full stoppage of local government industrial and commercial activities in the city after thousands of workers stopped work for more than a month 24 January 1926 Unemployment More than 40 protesters with the Central Council of the Unemployed were arrested by police after ordering meals and refusing to pay in protest of the city s refusal to provide relief for the homeless and jobless December 1926 Unemployment 300 protesters with the Central Council of the Unemployed marched on City Hall for relief in the form of places to sleep food to eat and transportation to work sites 25 June 30 1931 Unemployment After several days of ominous silence among Calgary s unemployed a meeting was held between the National Unemployed Workers Association and members of the Calgary City Council When the crowd gathered outside it was told to disperse by the Calgary Police They re assembled in a nearby vacant lot called Red Square After a series of speeches the crowd was told to disperse and when they did not police took away a popular speaker from the platform A riot ensued which a local newspaper referred to saying It appears to have come to a showdown the authority of the city is challenged which must be met decisively 26 June 10 1935 Unemployment Hundreds of protesters participating in the On to Ottawa Trek took hostages at the Calgary Relief Office for several hours before continuing out of the city Prime Minister R B Bennett decided not to take action against the trekkers in Calgary Hundreds more unemployed some from Edmonton joined the Trek as it left the city The Trek was brutally disbanded in Regina several weeks later 27 1940 Racial tension A group of 300 white soldiers rioted in Calgary s Harlemtown near the railway tracks east of downtown After they invaded the home of a black band leader military police intervened and were credited with ending the incident 28 29 30 31 November 28 1974 Racial tension The Calgary Urban Treaty Indian Alliance held a demonstration over social service funding in which dozens of men women and children occupied the Indian Affairs office in the city Government officials labeled the participants terrorists The local papers charged the protesters with public mischief and civil infractions While charges were not lodged against demonstrators several reported increased government discrimination against them afterward 32 December 2 1983 Sporting disruption A riot broke out during a Stampede Wrestling match at the Victoria Pavilion Speaking of the events announcer Ed Whalen remarked We re starting to scare the patrons with this violence outside the ring and I will not be associated with it anymore 33 The event led to Stampede Wrestling being banned from Calgary for six months by the city s wrestling and boxing commission and within a year the operation was sold to the World Wrestling Federation 34 October 25 1993 Education 2 000 students walkout of Calgary s schools to protest cuts to education causing public disruption and raising awareness about the situation in education funding 35 June 11 15 2000 Anti globalization 2 000 protesters participated in a carnivalesque atmosphere at the World Petroleum Congress while 1 500 police from a number of jurisdictions were involved in counter protest operations Other measures included police spotters positioned on top of downtown office towers while helicopters busily circled overhead 36 June 25 27 2002 Anti globalization About 4000 5000 demonstrators participate in a variety of events throughout Calgary in protest of the Group of Eight or G8 meeting in Kananaskis Alberta 37 38 March 21 2008 Racial tension The Aryan Guard staged a demonstration in downtown Calgary on Good Friday and United Nations International Day for the Elimination of Racism 39 40 41 More than 40 42 supporters of the Aryan Guard faced a crowd of more than 200 anti racist protesters including anarchists communists and union leaders who prevented the Guard from reaching their planned meeting place at the Mewata Armouries Police then formed a human barrier between the two groups and blocked the movement of the counter protesters while escorting the Aryan Guard down Stephen Avenue and up the steps of City Hall where they waved flags proclaiming White Pride Worldwide 43 Members of the Aryan Guard also taunted local anti racism activists whose home was fire bombed on February 12 2008 while they and their four children were inside 44 List of localities annexed editThrough its various annexations the following localities are now in Calgary 45 Academy Albert Park Altadore Barlow Barlow Junction Beddington Bel Aire Bowness Brentwood Brickburn Bridgeland Britannia Calgary International Airport Cambrian Heights Camp Sarcee Capitol Hill Charleswood Collingwood Eagle Ridge Forest Lawn Glamorgan Glenbrook Glengarry Haysboro Heritage Woods Subdivision Hillhurst Hubalta Inglewood Keith Killarney Kingsland Lincoln Park Lynnwood Manchester Midnapore Montgomery Mount Royal Mount View North Haven Ogden Parkdale Princes Island Renfrew Rideau Park Rosscarrock Roxboro Sarcee Junction Shepard Silver Springs Simons Valley Southwood Spruce Cliff Spruce Meadows St Andrews Heights St Georges Heights St George s Island St Patrick s Island Stanley Park Sunalta Thorncliffe Turner Tuxedo Park Windsor ParkSee also editList of conflicts in CanadaNotes edit Alberta Tourism Parks Recreation and Culture The Glenns Archived from the original on 2007 09 27 Retrieved 2007 08 24 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Fitzgerald J G 1885 Business directory of Calgary Alberta Canada Calgary Alberta Calgary Herald Printing amp Publishing Co City of Calgary Historical Information Retrieved 2007 09 23 Parkdale Community Heritage Inventory Land Use Planning and Policy Planning Development and Assessment December 2008 Retrieved 7 November 2015 Jamieson S Some reflections on violence and the law in industrial relations in Bercuson D J and Knafla L A 1979 Law and society in Canada in historical perspective University of Calgary See pp 141 145 and 150 for multiple analyses of the riots and civil unrest in Calgary Torrance J M C 1986 Public Violence in Canada 1867 1982 McGill Queen s Press MQUP p 135 Thorner T and Watson N 1981 Patterns of Prairie Crime Calgary 1875 1939 in Crime and Criminal Justice in Europe and Canada Knafla L A ed Waterloo Ontario Wilfried Laurier University Press p 231 Graham S 2004 Cities War and Terrorism Towards an Urban Geopolitics Blackwell Publishing p 223 Calgary Timeline Archived 2007 08 20 at the Wayback Machine Calgary Public Library Retrieved 4 22 08 Asian North American History Project Archived 2007 07 30 at the Wayback Machine ExplorASIAN Retrieved 4 22 08 Calgary s Chinese community University of Calgary Retrieved 4 22 08 Torrance J M C 1986 Public Violence in Canada 1867 1982 McGill Queen s Press MQUP p 31 Bright D 1999 The Limits of Labour Class Formation and the Labour Movement in Calgary UBC Press p 85 Glenbow library and archives University of Alberta Glenbow Museum Retrieved 4 22 08 Bright D 1999 p 139 Soldiers riot in Calgary The New York Times October 12 1916 Retrieved 4 22 08 Lackenbauer P W 2007 Soldiers Behaving Badly CEF Soldier Rioting in Canada during the First World War in The Apathetic and the Defiant Case Studies of Canadian Mutiny and Disobedience 1812 to 1919 ed Craig Leslie Mantle Kingston CDA Press Dundurn p 195 260 Lackenbauer P W 2005 Partisan Politics Civic Priorities and the Urban Militia Situating the Calgary Armoury 1907 17 Urban History Review 33 2 p 45 60 Lackenbauer P W 2001 The Government is in No Way Responsible for the Wrong Doing of its Soldiers Disciplinary and Legal Dimensions of the Canadian Expeditionary Force Riots in Calgary In Perspectives on War Essays on Security Society and the State C Bullock and J Dowding eds Society for Military and Strategic Studies p 75 91 Levy D S 2002 Two Gun Cohen Macmillan p 82 95 Drage C 1964 The Life and Times of General Two Gun Cohen Funk and Wagnals p 61 The Strike as Political Protest Simon Fraser University Retrieved 4 22 08 Levy D S 2002 Two Gun Cohen Macmillan p 95 Calgary 1919 The Birth of the OBU and the General Strike Eugene Plawiuk Libcom org Retrieved 4 22 08 Bright D 1999 p 187 Knafla L A ed 1981 Crime and Criminal Justice in Europe and Canada Waterloo Ontario Wilfried Laurier University Press p 246 Ross J I 2004 Violence in Canada Sociopolitical Perspectives Transaction Publishers p 82 Calgary Timeline Archived 2007 08 20 at the Wayback Machine Calgary Public Library Retrieved 7 8 08 Palmer H Palmer T J and Palmer T 1985 Peoples of Alberta Portraits of Cultural Diversity Western Producer Prairie Books p 387 1963 Color prejudice in Canada Anthropological Journal of Canada Anthropological Association of Canada Guild of American Prehistorians p 7 Carter S 1997 Capturing Women The Manipulation of Cultural Imagery in Canada s Prairie West McGill Queen s Press MQUP p 197 Treat J 2003 Around the Sacred Fire Native Religious Activism in the Red Power Era Macmillan p 258 McCoy H 2005 Pain and Passion The History of Stampede Wrestling CanWest Books p 187 Meltzer D 2004 Tributes II Remembering More of the World s Greatest Professional Wrestlers Sports Publishing LLC pp 105 106 Harrison T Kachur J L 1999 Contested Classrooms Education Globalization and Democracy in Alberta p 127 della Porta D Peterson A and Reiter H 2006 The Policing of Transnational Protest An introduction Ashgate Publishing Ltd p 83 della Porta D Peterson A and Reiter H 2006 The Policing of Transnational Protest An introduction Ashgate Publishing Ltd p Marquis S Thousands protest G8 in Calgary Asheville Global Report 2 June 2002 Retrieved 7 13 08 Barr MA Fight against racism is far from over Red Deer Advocate March 25 2008 Retrieved on 2008 06 18 Cariou K Calgary Anti racists challenge Neo Nazi threats People s Voice March 16 31 2008 Retrieved 2008 06 18 International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination 21 March Archived 2009 10 17 at the Wayback Machine United Nations website Retrieved 2008 06 18 Komarnicki J Anti racists clash with Aryan Guard Archived 2008 03 23 at the Wayback Machine Canada com Retrieved March 21 2008 Fernandez P Skinhead rally causes clash Calgary Sun March 22 2008 pg 3 Fernandez P Faces of hate unashamedly spew message Calgary Sun March 23 2008 p 4 Economic Regions SGC 2006 4806016 Calgary Statistics Canada August 10 2021 Retrieved September 21 2021 51 02 42 N 114 03 26 W 51 04500 N 114 05722 W 51 04500 114 05722 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Timeline of Calgary history amp oldid 1224575231 List of localities annexed, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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