fbpx
Wikipedia

Banquet

A banquet (/ˈbæŋkwɪt/; French: [bɑ̃kɛ]) is a formal large meal[1] where a number of people consume food together. Banquets are traditionally held to enhance the prestige of a host, or reinforce social bonds among joint contributors. Modern examples of these purposes include a charitable gathering, a ceremony, or a celebration. They often involve speeches in honor of the topic or guest of honour.[2]

Mosaic of the Last Supper in Monreale Cathedral.

The older English term for a lavish meal was feast, and "banquet" originally meant a specific and different kind of meal,[3] often following a feast, but in a different room or even building, which concentrated on sweet foods of various kinds. These became highly fashionable as sugar became much more common in Europe at the start of the 16th century. It was a grand form of the dessert course, and special banqueting houses, often on the roof or in the grounds of large houses, were built for them. Such meals are also called a "sugar collation".[4]

Social meanings edit

Banquets feature luxury foods, often including animal meat.[5][6] Feasts can be divided into two fundamental types: solidarity (or alliance, or empowering) and promotional (or aggrandisive, competitive, or diacritical).[7][8][9] Solidarity feasts are a joint effort in which families or communities bring equivalent contributions together to reinforce the social ties of all concerned. Promotional feasts are intended to enhance the social status of the host, who provides the food in order to create obligations to themselves among the guests.[10]

Historical examples edit

Communal feasting is evidenced from the early Neolithic in Britain.[11] In Ancient Greece, symposia formed a routine part of life, involving the celebratory drinking of wine, conversation and performances of poetry and music.[12]

Notable historical and legendary examples of banquets include Belshazzar's Feast, the Last Supper, the Manchu Han Imperial Feast, and mead halls.

A luau is one variety of traditional banquet originally used in Hawaii.

Many cultures have developed structures for banquets. In the European Middle Ages, comprehensive ritualised elements were involved in a traditional three-course menu, having up to 25 dishes in each course (this structure persisted into the 19th century). The structure was later altered to two courses, with the pre-existing third course changed to the serving of fruit and nuts.[13]

Banqueting rooms varied greatly with location, but tended to be on an intimate scale, either in a garden room, banquet hall or inside such as the small banqueting turrets in Longleat House.

Art historians have often noted that banqueters on iconographic records of ancient Mediterranean societies almost always appear to be lying down on their left sides. One possible explanation could lie in the anatomy of the stomach and in the digestive mechanism. When lying on the left, the food has room to expand because the curvature of the stomach is enhanced in that position.[14]

Contemporary examples edit

Contemporary banquets serve many new purposes in addition to their traditional purposes. These can include anything from during workplace training sessions and formal business dinners to birthday parties and social gatherings. It is common for a banquet to be organized at the end of academic conferences.

Government intervention edit

The State Council of the People's Republic of China levied a tax on banquets on September 2, 1988, at a tax rate calculated per occasion between 15% and 20% of the banquet's value.[15][16]

Banquets held over time edit

See also edit


References edit

  1. ^ "Banquet." (definition). Merriam-webster.com. Accessed August 2011.
  2. ^ "BANQUET | meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary". dictionary.cambridge.org. Retrieved 2019-03-29.
  3. ^ Strong, 200
  4. ^ Strong, 194-201
  5. ^ Bendall, L. 2004: Fit for a King? Hierarchy, exclusion, aspiration and desire in the social structure of Mycenaean banqueting. In Halstead, P. and Barrett, J.C. (eds), Food, Cuisine and Society in Prehistoric Greece (Oxford, Sheffield Studies in Aegean Archaeology 5), 105–35.
  6. ^ Hayden, Brian (2003). "Were luxury foods the first domesticates? Ethnoarchaeological perspectives from Southeast Asia". World Archaeology. 34 (3): 458–469. doi:10.1080/0043824021000026459a. S2CID 162526285.
  7. ^ Hayden, B. 2001. Fabulous feasts: a prolegomenon to the importance of feasting. In M. Dietler & B. Hayden (eds), Feasts: Archaeological and ethnographic perspectives on food, politics, and power, 23–64. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution
  8. ^ Adams, R.L. 2004. An ethnoarchaeological study of feasting in Sulawesi, Indonesia. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 23, 56–78
  9. ^ Rowley-Conwy, P. 2018. Zooarchaeology and the elusive feast: from performance to aftermath. World Archaeology 50(1), doi:10.1080/00438243.00432018.01445024
  10. ^ Dietler, M. 2001. Theorizing the feast: rituals of consumption, commensal politics, and power in African societies. In M. Dietler & B. Hayden (eds), Feasts.Archaeological and Ethnographic Perspectives on Food,Politics, and Power, 65–114. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution.
  11. ^ Gron, Kurt J.; Rowley-Conwy, Peter; Fernandez-Dominguez, Eva; Gröcke, Darren R.; Montgomery, Janet; Nowell, Geoff M.; Patterson, William P. (2018). "A Meeting in the Forest: Hunters and Farmers at the Coneybury 'Anomaly', Wiltshire". Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society. 84: 111–144. doi:10.1017/ppr.2018.15. ISSN 0079-497X.
  12. ^ Department of Greek and Roman Art. "The Symposium in Ancient Greece". In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/symp/hd_symp.htm(October 2002)
  13. ^ Scanlon Loman, Nancy (2013). Catering management (4th ed.). Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. ISBN 9781118091494. OCLC 774863928.
  14. ^ Mazzarello, Paolo; Harari, Maurizio (2007-08-15). "Left to digest". Nature. 448 (7155): 753. doi:10.1038/448753a. ISSN 1476-4687.
  15. ^ "Provisional Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Banquet Tax - 1988". Lehman Law. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
  16. ^ "Provisional Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Banquet Tax". Law Info China. Retrieved 30 October 2020.

Further reading edit

  • Albala, Ken (2007). The banquet: Dining in the Great Courts of late Renaissance Europe. Board of Trustees, University of Illinois. ISBN 978-0-252-03133-5.

banquet, other, uses, disambiguation, feast, redirects, here, other, uses, feast, disambiguation, food, portala, banquet, french, formal, large, meal, where, number, people, consume, food, together, traditionally, held, enhance, prestige, host, reinforce, soci. For other uses see Banquet disambiguation Feast redirects here For other uses see Feast disambiguation Food portalA banquet ˈ b ae ŋ k w ɪ t French bɑ kɛ is a formal large meal 1 where a number of people consume food together Banquets are traditionally held to enhance the prestige of a host or reinforce social bonds among joint contributors Modern examples of these purposes include a charitable gathering a ceremony or a celebration They often involve speeches in honor of the topic or guest of honour 2 Mosaic of the Last Supper in Monreale Cathedral The older English term for a lavish meal was feast and banquet originally meant a specific and different kind of meal 3 often following a feast but in a different room or even building which concentrated on sweet foods of various kinds These became highly fashionable as sugar became much more common in Europe at the start of the 16th century It was a grand form of the dessert course and special banqueting houses often on the roof or in the grounds of large houses were built for them Such meals are also called a sugar collation 4 Contents 1 Social meanings 2 Historical examples 3 Contemporary examples 4 Government intervention 5 Banquets held over time 6 See also 7 References 8 Further readingSocial meanings editBanquets feature luxury foods often including animal meat 5 6 Feasts can be divided into two fundamental types solidarity or alliance or empowering and promotional or aggrandisive competitive or diacritical 7 8 9 Solidarity feasts are a joint effort in which families or communities bring equivalent contributions together to reinforce the social ties of all concerned Promotional feasts are intended to enhance the social status of the host who provides the food in order to create obligations to themselves among the guests 10 Historical examples editCommunal feasting is evidenced from the early Neolithic in Britain 11 In Ancient Greece symposia formed a routine part of life involving the celebratory drinking of wine conversation and performances of poetry and music 12 Notable historical and legendary examples of banquets include Belshazzar s Feast the Last Supper the Manchu Han Imperial Feast and mead halls A luau is one variety of traditional banquet originally used in Hawaii Many cultures have developed structures for banquets In the European Middle Ages comprehensive ritualised elements were involved in a traditional three course menu having up to 25 dishes in each course this structure persisted into the 19th century The structure was later altered to two courses with the pre existing third course changed to the serving of fruit and nuts 13 Banqueting rooms varied greatly with location but tended to be on an intimate scale either in a garden room banquet hall or inside such as the small banqueting turrets in Longleat House Art historians have often noted that banqueters on iconographic records of ancient Mediterranean societies almost always appear to be lying down on their left sides One possible explanation could lie in the anatomy of the stomach and in the digestive mechanism When lying on the left the food has room to expand because the curvature of the stomach is enhanced in that position 14 Contemporary examples editContemporary banquets serve many new purposes in addition to their traditional purposes These can include anything from during workplace training sessions and formal business dinners to birthday parties and social gatherings It is common for a banquet to be organized at the end of academic conferences Government intervention editThe State Council of the People s Republic of China levied a tax on banquets on September 2 1988 at a tax rate calculated per occasion between 15 and 20 of the banquet s value 15 16 Banquets held over time edit nbsp Hellenistic banquet scene nbsp A banquet for Babur nbsp A Chinese painting of an outdoor banquet from the era of the Song dynasty 960 1279 nbsp State Banquet Serving the Peacock Facsimile of a woodcut in an edition of Virgil folio published at Lyons in 1517 nbsp Joachim Wtewael Banquet of the Gods around 1602 nbsp Chinese banquet for a birthday celebrationSee also edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Banquets nbsp Look up banquet in Wiktionary the free dictionary Assembly hall Beefsteak banquet List of dining events PartyReferences edit Banquet definition Merriam webster com Accessed August 2011 BANQUET meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary dictionary cambridge org Retrieved 2019 03 29 Strong 200 Strong 194 201 Bendall L 2004 Fit for a King Hierarchy exclusion aspiration and desire in the social structure of Mycenaean banqueting In Halstead P and Barrett J C eds Food Cuisine and Society in Prehistoric Greece Oxford Sheffield Studies in Aegean Archaeology 5 105 35 Hayden Brian 2003 Were luxury foods the first domesticates Ethnoarchaeological perspectives from Southeast Asia World Archaeology 34 3 458 469 doi 10 1080 0043824021000026459a S2CID 162526285 Hayden B 2001 Fabulous feasts a prolegomenon to the importance of feasting In M Dietler amp B Hayden eds Feasts Archaeological and ethnographic perspectives on food politics and power 23 64 Washington DC Smithsonian Institution Adams R L 2004 An ethnoarchaeological study of feasting in Sulawesi Indonesia Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 23 56 78 Rowley Conwy P 2018 Zooarchaeology and the elusive feast from performance to aftermath World Archaeology 50 1 doi 10 1080 00438243 00432018 01445024 Dietler M 2001 Theorizing the feast rituals of consumption commensal politics and power in African societies In M Dietler amp B Hayden eds Feasts Archaeological and Ethnographic Perspectives on Food Politics and Power 65 114 Washington DC Smithsonian Institution Gron Kurt J Rowley Conwy Peter Fernandez Dominguez Eva Grocke Darren R Montgomery Janet Nowell Geoff M Patterson William P 2018 A Meeting in the Forest Hunters and Farmers at the Coneybury Anomaly Wiltshire Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 84 111 144 doi 10 1017 ppr 2018 15 ISSN 0079 497X Department of Greek and Roman Art The Symposium in Ancient Greece In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History New York The Metropolitan Museum of Art 2000 http www metmuseum org toah hd symp hd symp htm October 2002 Scanlon Loman Nancy 2013 Catering management 4th ed Hoboken N J Wiley ISBN 9781118091494 OCLC 774863928 Mazzarello Paolo Harari Maurizio 2007 08 15 Left to digest Nature 448 7155 753 doi 10 1038 448753a ISSN 1476 4687 Provisional Regulations of the People s Republic of China on Banquet Tax 1988 Lehman Law Retrieved 30 October 2020 Provisional Regulations of the People s Republic of China on Banquet Tax Law Info China Retrieved 30 October 2020 Strong Roy Feast A History of Grand Eating 2002 Jonathan Cape ISBN 0224061380Further reading editAlbala Ken 2007 The banquet Dining in the Great Courts of late Renaissance Europe Board of Trustees University of Illinois ISBN 978 0 252 03133 5 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Banquet amp oldid 1198866519, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.