Morse originally decided to lay the wire underground, asking Ezra Cornell to lay the line using a special cable-laying plow that Cornell had developed. Wire began to be laid in Baltimore on October 21, 1843. Cornell's plow was pulled by eight mules, and cut a ditch 2 inches (5.1 cm) wide and 20 inches (51 cm) deep, laid a pipe with the wires, and reburied the pipe, in an integrated operation.[4] However, the project was stopped after about 9.3 miles (15 km) of wire was laid because the line was failing.
Morse learned that Cooke and Wheatstone were using poles for their lines in England and decided to follow their lead.[5] Installation of the lines and poles from Washington to Baltimore began on April 1, 1844, using chestnut poles 23 feet (7 m) high spaced 300 feet (90 m) apart, for a total of about 700 poles.[6] Two 16-gauge copper wires were installed; they were insulated with cotton thread, shellac, and a mixture of "beeswax, resin, linseed oil, and asphalt."[5] A test of the still incomplete line occurred on May 1, 1844, when news of the Whig Party's nomination of Henry Clay for U.S. President was sent from the party's convention in Baltimore to the Capitol Building in Washington.[7]
OperationsEdit
Text of the first telegraph message sent by Samuel F. B. Morse. Presented to Miss Annie G. Ellsworth, daughter of Henry Leavitt Ellsworth. Annie's ink tracing over Morse's pencilled letters. Gift to Library of Congress by Mrs. George Inness, daughter of Annie EllsworthMaryland state historical marker inaccurately claiming the first telegraph message, located between US Highway 1 and railroad tracks in Beltsville, Maryland.
Morse's line was demonstrated on May 24, 1844, from the Old Supreme Court Chamber in the United States Capitol in Washington to the Mount Clare station of the railroad in Baltimore, and commenced with the transmission of Morse's first message (from Washington) to Alfred Vail (in Baltimore), "What hath God wrought", a phrase from the Bible's Book of Numbers. The phrase was suggested by Annie Ellsworth, whose husband was a supporter of Morse's, and knew Morse was religious.[8]
As U.S. Postmaster General, Cave Johnson was in charge of the line. Morse was made superintendent of the line, and Alfred Vail and Henry Rogers the operators.[5]
The next year, Johnson reported that "the importance of [the line] to the public does not consist of any probable income that can ever be derived from it," which led to the invention being returned for private development.[5]
^"Samuel Morse demonstrates the telegraph with the message, "What hath God wrought?"". HISTORY. Retrieved 2021-12-17.
^"U.S. Senate: First Telegraph Messages from the Capitol". www.senate.gov. Retrieved 2021-12-17.
^Dilts, James D. The Great Road, pp. 295–96 (1993)
^ abcdHuurdeman, Anton A. The Worldwide History of Telecommunications, p. 61 (2003)
^"Definition of telegraph". PCMAG. Retrieved 2021-06-28.
^"Morse Code: a significant demonstration". The Telegraph. 4 May 2017. Retrieved 7 October 2018.
^(27 May 1844). The Magnetic Telegraph – its Success, New York Daily Tribune (report on transmissions sent on May 25 and published in the Baltimore Patriot)
External linksEdit
Electronic Technology in the House of Representatives
History of the Telegraph
Contemporary account of the construction of the transcontinental telegraph
October 24, 2023
baltimore, washington, telegraph, line, first, long, distance, telegraph, system, overland, united, states, first, telegram, professor, samuel, morse, sending, dispatch, dictated, miss, annie, ellsworth, contents, building, line, operations, also, references, . The Baltimore Washington telegraph line was the first long distance telegraph system set up to run overland in the United States 1 2 3 The first telegram Professor Samuel Morse sending the dispatch as dictated by Miss Annie Ellsworth Contents 1 Building of line 2 Operations 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksBuilding of line EditIn March 1843 the US Congress appropriated US 30 000 equivalent to 942 214 in 2022 to Samuel Morse to lay a telegraph line between Washington D C and Baltimore Maryland along the right of way of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Morse originally decided to lay the wire underground asking Ezra Cornell to lay the line using a special cable laying plow that Cornell had developed Wire began to be laid in Baltimore on October 21 1843 Cornell s plow was pulled by eight mules and cut a ditch 2 inches 5 1 cm wide and 20 inches 51 cm deep laid a pipe with the wires and reburied the pipe in an integrated operation 4 However the project was stopped after about 9 3 miles 15 km of wire was laid because the line was failing Morse learned that Cooke and Wheatstone were using poles for their lines in England and decided to follow their lead 5 Installation of the lines and poles from Washington to Baltimore began on April 1 1844 using chestnut poles 23 feet 7 m high spaced 300 feet 90 m apart for a total of about 700 poles 6 Two 16 gauge copper wires were installed they were insulated with cotton thread shellac and a mixture of beeswax resin linseed oil and asphalt 5 A test of the still incomplete line occurred on May 1 1844 when news of the Whig Party s nomination of Henry Clay for U S President was sent from the party s convention in Baltimore to the Capitol Building in Washington 7 Operations Edit nbsp Text of the first telegraph message sent by Samuel F B Morse Presented to Miss Annie G Ellsworth daughter of Henry Leavitt Ellsworth Annie s ink tracing over Morse s pencilled letters Gift to Library of Congress by Mrs George Inness daughter of Annie Ellsworth nbsp Maryland state historical marker inaccurately claiming the first telegraph message located between US Highway 1 and railroad tracks in Beltsville Maryland Morse s line was demonstrated on May 24 1844 from the Old Supreme Court Chamber in the United States Capitol in Washington to the Mount Clare station of the railroad in Baltimore and commenced with the transmission of Morse s first message from Washington to Alfred Vail in Baltimore What hath God wrought a phrase from the Bible s Book of Numbers The phrase was suggested by Annie Ellsworth whose husband was a supporter of Morse s and knew Morse was religious 8 As U S Postmaster General Cave Johnson was in charge of the line Morse was made superintendent of the line and Alfred Vail and Henry Rogers the operators 5 The next year Johnson reported that the importance of the line to the public does not consist of any probable income that can ever be derived from it which led to the invention being returned for private development 5 See also EditFirst transcontinental telegraph Timeline of North American telegraphyReferences Edit www loc gov https www loc gov static collections samuel morse papers articles and essays invention of the telegraph Retrieved 2021 12 17 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a Missing or empty title help Samuel Morse demonstrates the telegraph with the message What hath God wrought HISTORY Retrieved 2021 12 17 U S Senate First Telegraph Messages from the Capitol www senate gov Retrieved 2021 12 17 Dilts James D The Great Road pp 295 96 1993 a b c d Huurdeman Anton A The Worldwide History of Telecommunications p 61 2003 Definition of telegraph PCMAG Retrieved 2021 06 28 Morse Code a significant demonstration The Telegraph 4 May 2017 Retrieved 7 October 2018 27 May 1844 The Magnetic Telegraph its Success New York Daily Tribune report on transmissions sent on May 25 and published in the Baltimore Patriot External links EditElectronic Technology in the House of Representatives History of the Telegraph Contemporary account of the construction of the transcontinental telegraph Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Baltimore Washington telegraph line amp oldid 1170337991, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
