Bai-Ülgen or Ülgen (Old Turkic: 𐰈𐰞𐰏𐰅𐰣; Cyrillic: Үлгэн) is a Turkic creator-deity, usually distinct from Tengri but sometimes identified with him in the same manner as Helios and Apollo. His name is from Old Turkic bay, "rich", and ülgen, "magnificent". Ülgen is believed to be without either beginning or end.
In Tengrism, the birch tree, regarded as a cosmic axis between earth and sky, was regarded as sacred to him, as was the horse (horse-sacrifice was a part of his worship).[1] Ülgen symbolizes goodness, welfare, abundance, plentiness of food, water, etc. Furthermore, he created earth, heaven and all living beings. In addition, he controls the atmospheric events and movements of stars.[2] He creates land for people to live on, the heads of both humans and animals and the rainbow. He was regarded as the patron god of shamans and the source of their knowledge.
It is believed that Ülgen has been created from Kayra (Tengere Kayra Khan). He is the highest deity after Tengri in the pantheon. Often, Ülgen is compared with Tengri and at times they are thought to be on par, or even the same. In some sayings, the name/function of Ülgen may be (partially) interchangeable with that of Tengri.
Ülgen is described as the enemy of Erlik who is the god of evil and darkness. Ülgen assumes the protectorship of humankind against him.
Bai-Ülgen lives on the sixteenth floor of the sky above the stars, sun and moon in a golden house. Mere humans may never reach him, only shamans and kams who possess astral powers can. Animals are used for sacrifice in worship of him, especially horses. Once in every third, sixth, ninth, or twelfth year, a shaman may sacrifice a white horse as the first step of reaching Ülgen. Then he must ride its soul, penetrate through all the layers of heaven until he reaches Ülgen. Firstly, the kam (shaman) meets Yayık who is the servant of Ülgen. This entity informs the kam whether or not the offering has been accepted. If the sacrificial rite has been successful, the shaman is able to learn from the omniscient Ülgen of impending dangers, such as bad harvests.
Children of Ülgenedit
Ülgen has seven sons, the Ak oğlanlar (White Boys) or Kıyatlar:
Ak oğlanlar – Kıyatlar the seven sons of Ülgen
Khagan name
Han name
Role
1
Karshyt Khagan
Karşıt Han
The god of purity.
2
Bura Khagan
Pura Han
The god of horses.
3
Burcha Khagan
Burça Han
The god of prosperity.
4
Yashyl Khagan
Yaşıl Han
The god of nature.
5
Karakush Khagan
Karakuş Han
The god of birds.
6
Kanym Khagan
Er Kanım
The god of confidence.
7
Bakhty Khagan
Baktı Han
The god of blessing
Ülgen also has nine daughters,[3][4][5] called Akkızlar or Kıyanlar, but no one knows their names. His daughters are source of inspiration for shamans.[6]
Referencesedit
^Horse Sacrifice and The Shaman's Ascent to The Sky, Adapted from: Mircea Eliade
^Mitolojiden efsaneye: Türk mitolojisinin Türkiye'deki efsanelerde izleri, Muharrem Kaya
^Türk Söylence Sözlüğü (Turkish Mythological Dictionary), Deniz Karakurt, e-Book (OTRS: CC BY-SA 3.0)
Bibliographyedit
Çoban, Ramazan Volkan. Türk Mitolojisinde İyilik Tanrısı Ülgen'in İnanıştaki Yeri, Tasviri ve Kökeni (Turkish)
Anokhin, "Materials on Shamanism of Altai", Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography at the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leningrad 1924
Tokarev, "Religion in the history of the world", Moscow 1986
External linksedit
Merkez Simgeciliği, Salahaddin Bekki (in Turkish)
Gods in Turkish Mythology (in Turkish)
Chosen by the Spirits, Julie Ann Stewart
January 01, 1970
ülgen, village, hazro, turkic, 𐰈𐰞𐰏𐰅𐰣, cyrillic, Үлгэн, turkic, creator, deity, usually, distinct, from, tengri, sometimes, identified, with, same, manner, helios, apollo, name, from, turkic, rich, ülgen, magnificent, believed, without, either, beginning, plane. For the village see Ulgen Hazro Bai Ulgen or Ulgen Old Turkic 𐰈𐰞𐰏𐰅𐰣 Cyrillic Үlgen is a Turkic creator deity usually distinct from Tengri but sometimes identified with him in the same manner as Helios and Apollo His name is from Old Turkic bay rich and ulgen magnificent Ulgen is believed to be without either beginning or end UlgenPlanets Stars and ShamansAbodeSkySymbolPleiadesEthnic groupTurkic peoplesPersonal informationParentsKayraSiblingsUmayErlikKoyashAy Tanri Contents 1 Features 2 Children of Ulgen 3 References 4 Bibliography 5 External linksFeatures editIn Tengrism the birch tree regarded as a cosmic axis between earth and sky was regarded as sacred to him as was the horse horse sacrifice was a part of his worship 1 Ulgen symbolizes goodness welfare abundance plentiness of food water etc Furthermore he created earth heaven and all living beings In addition he controls the atmospheric events and movements of stars 2 He creates land for people to live on the heads of both humans and animals and the rainbow He was regarded as the patron god of shamans and the source of their knowledge It is believed that Ulgen has been created from Kayra Tengere Kayra Khan He is the highest deity after Tengri in the pantheon Often Ulgen is compared with Tengri and at times they are thought to be on par or even the same In some sayings the name function of Ulgen may be partially interchangeable with that of Tengri Ulgen is described as the enemy of Erlik who is the god of evil and darkness Ulgen assumes the protectorship of humankind against him Bai Ulgen lives on the sixteenth floor of the sky above the stars sun and moon in a golden house Mere humans may never reach him only shamans and kams who possess astral powers can Animals are used for sacrifice in worship of him especially horses Once in every third sixth ninth or twelfth year a shaman may sacrifice a white horse as the first step of reaching Ulgen Then he must ride its soul penetrate through all the layers of heaven until he reaches Ulgen Firstly the kam shaman meets Yayik who is the servant of Ulgen This entity informs the kam whether or not the offering has been accepted If the sacrificial rite has been successful the shaman is able to learn from the omniscient Ulgen of impending dangers such as bad harvests Children of Ulgen editUlgen has seven sons the Ak oglanlar White Boys or Kiyatlar Ak oglanlar Kiyatlar the seven sons of Ulgen Khagan name Han name Role 1 Karshyt Khagan Karsit Han The god of purity 2 Bura Khagan Pura Han The god of horses 3 Burcha Khagan Burca Han The god of prosperity 4 Yashyl Khagan Yasil Han The god of nature 5 Karakush Khagan Karakus Han The god of birds 6 Kanym Khagan Er Kanim The god of confidence 7 Bakhty Khagan Bakti Han The god of blessing Ulgen also has nine daughters 3 4 5 called Akkizlar or Kiyanlar but no one knows their names His daughters are source of inspiration for shamans 6 References edit Horse Sacrifice and The Shaman s Ascent to The Sky Adapted from Mircea Eliade Altay ve Sor Mitolojisinde Ulgen Tanrisi Turk mitoslari ve Anadolu efsanelerinin izsurumu Zuhre Indirkas Can Goknil 2007 Turk mitolojisi Murat Uraz Page 86 Mitolojiden efsaneye Turk mitolojisinin Turkiye deki efsanelerde izleri Muharrem Kaya Turk Soylence Sozlugu Turkish Mythological Dictionary Deniz Karakurt e Book OTRS CC BY SA 3 0 Bibliography editCoban Ramazan Volkan Turk Mitolojisinde Iyilik Tanrisi Ulgen in Inanistaki Yeri Tasviri ve Kokeni Turkish Anokhin Materials on Shamanism of Altai Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography at the Russian Academy of Sciences Leningrad 1924 Tokarev Religion in the history of the world Moscow 1986External links editMerkez Simgeciligi Salahaddin Bekki in Turkish Gods in Turkish Mythology in Turkish Chosen by the Spirits Julie Ann Stewart Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ulgen amp oldid 1214209896, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
