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Augusta Viromanduorum

October 27, 2023

Augusta Viromanduorum is an ancient Gallo-Roman settlement, corresponding to the modern city of Saint-Quentin (Aisne, Hauts-de-France).

Name edit

The settlement is mentioned as Au̓goústa Ou̓iromandúōn (Αὐγούστα <Οὐι>ρομανδύων) by Ptolemy (2nd c. AD),[1] Augusta Veromandorum in the Antonine Itinerary, Aug. Viro Muduorum on the Tabula Peutingeriana (5th c.), Viromandensim oppidum by Gregory of Tours (6th c.), and possibly as Civitas Veromandorum by the Notitia Galliarum (ca. 400).[2][3][4]

History edit

Augusta Viromandorum, was founded during the reign of Emperor Augustus, just 11km away from Vermand, the main oppidum of the Viromandui.[5] Closer to an important trade route between Italy and the port of Boulogne, Augusta Viromandorum soon replaced Vermand as the main settlement of the region.[6] It reached a size of 40–60ha during the Roman era, in the average of Gallo-Roman chief towns.[7]

During the 4th century, the lack of archaeological evidence suggest that the settlement was deserted or its population considerably reduced.[8] Some scholars have argued that Vermand replaced Augusta as the capital from this period up until the regional prominence shifted definitely to Saint-Quentin in the 9th century. This "fluctuation" of power could be explained by the insecurities of the period, which led the local inhabitants to seek for protection in the old oppidum situated nearby, since Saint-Quentin did not possess a castrum.[9] Malsy (2001) rejects this hypothesis,[10] and Beaujard and Prévot (2004) doubt it.[11]

References edit

  1. ^ Ptolemy. Geōgraphikḕ Hyphḗgēsis, 2:9:6
  2. ^ Nègre 1990, p. 158.
  3. ^ Beaujard & Prévot 2004, pp. 32–33.
  4. ^ Falileyev 2010, s.v. Augusta Viromanduorum and Viromandis.
  5. ^ Collart 2007, p. 367.
  6. ^ Collart 2007, p. 366.
  7. ^ Collart 2007, pp. 367, 377.
  8. ^ Collart 2007, p. 378.
  9. ^ Collart & Gaillard 2004, p. 493.
  10. ^ Malsy 2001, pp. 639–645.
  11. ^ Beaujard & Prévot 2004, pp. 32–33: "Le déplacement de la capitale des Viromanduens de Saint-Quentin (Augusta Veromanduorum) à Vermand, à 11 km de là, est si mal assuré qu'il a donné lieu à de longues polémiques ... Il se pourrait que Saint-Quentin n'ait jamais perdu sa fonction politique. Elle aurait même connu un nouvel essor lié au pèlerinage sur le tombeau du martyr Quentin qui se développa au VIIe s."

Bibliography edit

  • Beaujard, Brigitte; Prévot, Françoise (2004). "Introduction à l'étude des capitales "éphémères" de la Gaule (Ier s.-début VIIe s.)". Supplément à la Revue archéologique du centre de la France. 25 (1): 17–37.
  • Collart, Jean-Luc; Gaillard, Michèle (2004). "Vermand /Augusta Viromanduorum (Aisne)". Supplément à la Revue archéologique du centre de la France. 25 (1): 493–496.
  • Collart, Jean-Luc (2007). "Au Bas-Empire la capitale des Viromandui se trouvait-elle à Saint-Quentin ou à Vermand ?". In Hanoune, Roger (ed.). Les villes romaines du Nord de la Gaule, Actes du XXVe colloque international de Halma-IPEL UMR CNRS 8164. Collection Art et Archéologie. Vol. 10. Revue du Nord. Hors-Série. pp. 349–393.
  • Falileyev, Alexander (2010). Dictionary of Continental Celtic Place-names: A Celtic Companion to the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. CMCS. ISBN 978-0955718236.
  • Malsy, Jean-Claude (2001). Dictionnaire des noms de lieu du département de l'Aisne. Vol. 3. Société Française d'Onomastique.
  • Nègre, Ernest (1990). Toponymie générale de la France (in French). Librairie Droz. ISBN 978-2-600-02883-7.

Further reading edit

  • Collart, Jean Luc (1984). "Le déplacement du chef lieu des Viromandui au Bas-Empire, de Saint-Quentin à Vermand". Revue archéologique de Picardie. 3 (1): 245–258. doi:10.3406/pica.1984.1446.
  • Collart, Jean-Luc. « Saint-Quentin », dans Blaise Pichon, Carte archéologique de la Gaule – l’Aisne – 02, Paris, 2002, p. 378-404.
  • Collart, Jean-Luc (2007). "Recherches archéologiques récentes à Saint-Quentin et Vermand : leur apport à la question de la localisation du chef-lieu des Viromandui dans l'Antiquité". Mémoires de la fédération des sociétés d'Histoire et d'Archéologie de l'Aisne. 2: 9–39.

49°50′55″N 3°17′11″E / 49.8486°N 3.2864°E / 49.8486; 3.2864

October 27, 2023
augusta, viromanduorum, ancient, gallo, roman, settlement, corresponding, modern, city, saint, quentin, aisne, hauts, france, contents, name, history, references, bibliography, further, readingname, editthe, settlement, mentioned, goústa, iromandúōn, Αὐγούστα,. Augusta Viromanduorum is an ancient Gallo Roman settlement corresponding to the modern city of Saint Quentin Aisne Hauts de France Contents 1 Name 2 History 3 References 3 1 Bibliography 4 Further readingName editThe settlement is mentioned as Au gousta Ou iromanduōn Aὐgoysta lt Oὐi gt romandywn by Ptolemy 2nd c AD 1 Augusta Veromandorum in the Antonine Itinerary Aug Viro Muduorum on the Tabula Peutingeriana 5th c Viromandensim oppidum by Gregory of Tours 6th c and possibly as Civitas Veromandorum by the Notitia Galliarum ca 400 2 3 4 History editAugusta Viromandorum was founded during the reign of Emperor Augustus just 11km away from Vermand the main oppidum of the Viromandui 5 Closer to an important trade route between Italy and the port of Boulogne Augusta Viromandorum soon replaced Vermand as the main settlement of the region 6 It reached a size of 40 60ha during the Roman era in the average of Gallo Roman chief towns 7 During the 4th century the lack of archaeological evidence suggest that the settlement was deserted or its population considerably reduced 8 Some scholars have argued that Vermand replaced Augusta as the capital from this period up until the regional prominence shifted definitely to Saint Quentin in the 9th century This fluctuation of power could be explained by the insecurities of the period which led the local inhabitants to seek for protection in the old oppidum situated nearby since Saint Quentin did not possess a castrum 9 Malsy 2001 rejects this hypothesis 10 and Beaujard and Prevot 2004 doubt it 11 References edit Ptolemy Geōgraphikḕ Hyphḗgesis 2 9 6 Negre 1990 p 158 Beaujard amp Prevot 2004 pp 32 33 Falileyev 2010 s v Augusta Viromanduorum and Viromandis Collart 2007 p 367 Collart 2007 p 366 Collart 2007 pp 367 377 Collart 2007 p 378 Collart amp Gaillard 2004 p 493 Malsy 2001 pp 639 645 Beaujard amp Prevot 2004 pp 32 33 Le deplacement de la capitale des Viromanduens de Saint Quentin Augusta Veromanduorum a Vermand a 11 km de la est si mal assure qu il a donne lieu a de longues polemiques Il se pourrait que Saint Quentin n ait jamais perdu sa fonction politique Elle aurait meme connu un nouvel essor lie au pelerinage sur le tombeau du martyr Quentin qui se developpa au VIIe s Bibliography edit Beaujard Brigitte Prevot Francoise 2004 Introduction a l etude des capitales ephemeres de la Gaule Ier s debut VIIe s Supplement a la Revue archeologique du centre de la France 25 1 17 37 Collart Jean Luc Gaillard Michele 2004 Vermand Augusta Viromanduorum Aisne Supplement a la Revue archeologique du centre de la France 25 1 493 496 Collart Jean Luc 2007 Au Bas Empire la capitale des Viromandui se trouvait elle a Saint Quentin ou a Vermand In Hanoune Roger ed Les villes romaines du Nord de la Gaule Actes du XXVe colloque international de Halma IPEL UMR CNRS 8164 Collection Art et Archeologie Vol 10 Revue du Nord Hors Serie pp 349 393 Falileyev Alexander 2010 Dictionary of Continental Celtic Place names A Celtic Companion to the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World CMCS ISBN 978 0955718236 Malsy Jean Claude 2001 Dictionnaire des noms de lieu du departement de l Aisne Vol 3 Societe Francaise d Onomastique Negre Ernest 1990 Toponymie generale de la France in French Librairie Droz ISBN 978 2 600 02883 7 Further reading editCollart Jean Luc 1984 Le deplacement du chef lieu des Viromandui au Bas Empire de Saint Quentin a Vermand Revue archeologique de Picardie 3 1 245 258 doi 10 3406 pica 1984 1446 Collart Jean Luc Saint Quentin dans Blaise Pichon Carte archeologique de la Gaule l Aisne 02 Paris 2002 p 378 404 Collart Jean Luc 2007 Recherches archeologiques recentes a Saint Quentin et Vermand leur apport a la question de la localisation du chef lieu des Viromandui dans l Antiquite Memoires de la federation des societes d Histoire et d Archeologie de l Aisne 2 9 39 49 50 55 N 3 17 11 E 49 8486 N 3 2864 E 49 8486 3 2864 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Augusta Viromanduorum amp oldid 1125198818, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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