In obstetrics, the presentation of a fetus about to be born specifies which anatomical part of the fetus is leading, that is, is closest to the pelvic inlet of the birth canal. According to the leading part, this is identified as a cephalic, breech, or shoulder presentation. A malpresentation is any presentation other than a vertex presentation (with the top of the head first).
Presentation of twins in Der Rosengarten ("The Rose Garden"), a standard medical text for midwives published in 1513
compound presentation—when any other part presents along with the fetal head
Related obstetrical termsEdit
AttitudeEdit
Definition: Relationship of fetal head to spine:
flexed, (this is the normal situation)
neutral ("military"),
extended.
hyperextended
PositionEdit
Relationship of presenting part to maternal pelvis based on presentation. The fetus enters the pelvis in the occipito-transverse plane (left or right), descent, and flexion and then rotates 90 degrees to the occipitoanterior (most commonly).
Left occipitoanterior (LOA)—the occiput is close to the vagina (hence known as vertex presentation), facing anteriorly (forward with mother standing) and toward the left. This is the most common position and lie.
Right occipitoanterior (ROA)—the occiput faces anteriorly and toward the right. Less common than LOA, but not associated with labor complications.
Left occipitoposterior (LOP)—the occiput faces posteriorly (behind) and toward the left.
Right occipitoposterior (ROP)—the occiput faces posteriorly and toward the right.
Occipitoanterior—the occiput faces anteriorly (absolutely straight without any turning to any of the sides)
Occipitoposterior—the occiput faces posteriorly (absolutely straight without any turning to any of the sides)
Face presentation
Mentum anterior—the fetal chin is in the direction of the maternal pubic symphysis.
Mentum posterior—the fetal chin is in the direction of the maternal sacrum. This presentation is not compatible with vaginal delivery.[why?]
Left sacrum anterior (LSA)—the buttocks, as against the occiput of the vertex presentation, lie close to the vagina (hence known as breech presentation), which lie anteriorly and toward the left.
Right sacrum anterior (RSA)—the buttocks face anteriorly and toward the right.
Left sacrum posterior (LSP)—the buttocks face posteriorly and toward the left.
Right sacrum posterior (RSP)—the buttocks face posteriorly and toward the right.
Sacrum anterior (SA)—the buttocks face anteriorly.
Sacrum posterior (SP)—the buttocks face posteriorly.
Shoulder presentations with transverse lie are classified into four types, based on the location of the scapula (shoulder blade). This presentation needs to be delivered by cesarean section.
Left scapula-anterior (LSA)
Right scapula-anterior (RSA)
Left scapula-posterior (LSP)
Right scapula-posterior (RSP)
LieEdit
Definition: Relationship between the longitudinal axis of fetus and mother:
longitudinal (resulting in either cephalic or breech presentation)
oblique (unstable, will eventually become either transverse or longitudinal)
transverse (resulting in shoulder presentation)
back up
back down (indication for vertical uterine incision during cesarean delivery)
^ abcKish, Karen; Joseph V. Collea (2003). "Malpresentation & Cord Prolapse (Chapter 21)". In Alan H. DeCherney (ed.). Current Obstetric & Gynecologic Diagnosis & Treatment. Lauren Nathan (Ninth ed.). Lange/McGraw-Hill. p. 369. ISBN0-07-118207-1.
Normal Labor and Delivery from Management of Labor and Delivery provided by Google books
August 28, 2023
presentation, obstetrics, obstetrics, presentation, fetus, about, born, specifies, which, anatomical, part, fetus, leading, that, closest, pelvic, inlet, birth, canal, according, leading, part, this, identified, cephalic, breech, shoulder, presentation, malpre. In obstetrics the presentation of a fetus about to be born specifies which anatomical part of the fetus is leading that is is closest to the pelvic inlet of the birth canal According to the leading part this is identified as a cephalic breech or shoulder presentation A malpresentation is any presentation other than a vertex presentation with the top of the head first Presentation of twins in Der Rosengarten The Rose Garden a standard medical text for midwives published in 1513 Contents 1 Classification 2 Related obstetrical terms 2 1 Attitude 2 2 Position 2 3 Lie 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksClassification EditThus the various presentations are cephalic presentation head first vertex crown the most common and associated with the fewest complications sinciput forehead brow eyebrows face chin breech presentation 1 buttocks or feet first complete breech footling breech frank breech shoulder presentation arm shoulder trunk compound presentation when any other part presents along with the fetal headRelated obstetrical terms EditAttitude Edit Definition Relationship of fetal head to spine flexed this is the normal situation neutral military extended hyperextendedPosition Edit Relationship of presenting part to maternal pelvis based on presentation The fetus enters the pelvis in the occipito transverse plane left or right descent and flexion and then rotates 90 degrees to the occipitoanterior most commonly Cephalic presentation Vertex presentation with longitudinal lie 1 Left occipitoanterior LOA the occiput is close to the vagina hence known as vertex presentation facing anteriorly forward with mother standing and toward the left This is the most common position and lie Right occipitoanterior ROA the occiput faces anteriorly and toward the right Less common than LOA but not associated with labor complications Left occipitoposterior LOP the occiput faces posteriorly behind and toward the left Right occipitoposterior ROP the occiput faces posteriorly and toward the right Occipitoanterior the occiput faces anteriorly absolutely straight without any turning to any of the sides Occipitoposterior the occiput faces posteriorly absolutely straight without any turning to any of the sides Face presentation Mentum anterior the fetal chin is in the direction of the maternal pubic symphysis Mentum posterior the fetal chin is in the direction of the maternal sacrum This presentation is not compatible with vaginal delivery why Breech presentation with longitudinal lie 1 Left sacrum anterior LSA the buttocks as against the occiput of the vertex presentation lie close to the vagina hence known as breech presentation which lie anteriorly and toward the left Right sacrum anterior RSA the buttocks face anteriorly and toward the right Left sacrum posterior LSP the buttocks face posteriorly and toward the left Right sacrum posterior RSP the buttocks face posteriorly and toward the right Sacrum anterior SA the buttocks face anteriorly Sacrum posterior SP the buttocks face posteriorly Shoulder presentations with transverse lie are classified into four types based on the location of the scapula shoulder blade This presentation needs to be delivered by cesarean section Left scapula anterior LSA Right scapula anterior RSA Left scapula posterior LSP Right scapula posterior RSP Lie Edit Definition Relationship between the longitudinal axis of fetus and mother longitudinal resulting in either cephalic or breech presentation oblique unstable will eventually become either transverse or longitudinal transverse resulting in shoulder presentation back up back down indication for vertical uterine incision during cesarean delivery See also EditChild birth Eucharius Rosslin Fetal relations PositionReferences Edit a b c Kish Karen Joseph V Collea 2003 Malpresentation amp Cord Prolapse Chapter 21 In Alan H DeCherney ed Current Obstetric amp Gynecologic Diagnosis amp Treatment Lauren Nathan Ninth ed Lange McGraw Hill p 369 ISBN 0 07 118207 1 External links EditMalpresentations and malpositions A guide for midwives and doctors by the WHO Normal Labor and Delivery from Management of Labor and Delivery provided by Google books Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Presentation obstetrics amp oldid 1152848000, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
