Atlas Fountain
The Atlas Fountain stands in the grounds of Castle Howard, North Yorkshire, England. It has been designated a Grade I listed building and is now recorded in the National Heritage List for England, maintained by Historic England.[1]
| Atlas Fountain | |
|---|---|
Atlas Fountain at Castle Howard | |
| Location | Castle Howard, North Yorkshire, England |
| Coordinates | 54°07′13″N 0°54′19″W / 54.12018°N 0.90537°W |
| OS grid reference | SE 71644 69921 |
| Built | 1853 |
| Built for | George Howard, 7th Earl of Carlisle |
| Restored | 2012 |
| Restored by | The Earth Stone and Lime |
| Architect | William Andrews Nesfield and John Thomas |
Listed Building – Grade I | |
| Designated | 22 June 1987 |
| Reference no. | 1148973 |
Location in Yorkshire | |
History edit
The Atlas Fountain and pond dates from 1850. It was exhibited at The Great Exhibition prior to installation.[2]
It was designed by William Andrews Nesfield and the sculpted figures were carved in Portland stone by John Thomas who was paid £1183 10s 3d (equivalent to £127,414 in 2021)[3] for his work. The figures were transported by rail from London to Castle Howard railway station.
The tazza, pedestals, shells and basin were made by local craftsmen. The water engineering was completed by James Easton,[4] taking water from a stream in Coneysthorpe and using a steam engine to pump it uphill to the Ray Wood reservoir.[5]
The fountain was turned on for the first time in October 1853.
The fountain was overhauled in 1983 and again by The Earth Stone and Lime in 2012.
Description edit
A large globe of bronze dominates the fountain supported on the shoulders of Atlas. Four recumbent Tritons blow water through shells over Atlas kneeling on a pedestal in the central tazza. Other jets fill the lower scallop shell basins, which overflow into the central basin producing a dramatic cascade of white water.
The fountain is fed from the half-million gallon Ray Wood reservoir, to the east of the main house. Gravity feeds water into a chamber beneath the pond basin where pipes direct it to the main outlets in the Triton's shells.[6]
The pond is approximately 27 metres (89 ft) in diameter.
References edit
- ^ Historic England. "Atlas Fountain and Pond (1148973)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 22 November 2012.
- ^ Castle Howard Guidebook, G. Howard. 1972
- ^ UK Retail Price Index inflation figures are based on data from Clark, Gregory (2017). "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)". MeasuringWorth. Retrieved 11 June 2022.
- ^ English Gardens and Landscapes, Christopher Hussey. 1700–1750, Country Life. 1967.
- ^ Fountains and Water Features: From Ancient Springs to Modern Marvels. Rosalind Hopwood, Frances Lincoln Ltd, 2009
- ^ . Castle Howard. 10 May 2010. Archived from the original on 7 April 2014. Retrieved 1 April 2014.