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Army of the Moselle

April 11, 2024

The Army of the Moselle (Armée de la Moselle) was a French Revolutionary Army from 1791 through 1795. It was first known as the Army of the Centre and it fought at Valmy. In October 1792 it was renamed and subsequently fought at Trier, First Arlon, Biesingen, Kaiserslautern, Froeschwiller and Second Wissembourg. In the spring of 1794 the left wing was detached and fought at Second Arlon, Lambusart and Fleurus before being absorbed by the Army of Sambre-et-Meuse. In late 1794, the army captured Trier and initiated the Siege of Luxembourg. During the siege, the army was discontinued and its divisions were assigned to other armies.

Army of the Moselle
Active1791–1795
Country French First Republic
BranchArmy
TypeArmy
SizeSeven divisions
Engagements
Commanders
Notable
commanders		Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette
Nicolas Luckner
François Christophe Kellermann
Jean Nicolas Houchard
Lazare Hoche
Jean-Baptiste Jourdan
Jean René Moreaux
Jean-Jacques Ambert

History edit

Originally known as the Army of the Centre, it was renamed by decree of the National Convention on 1 October 1792 and kept under that name in the decrees of 1 March and 30 April 1793. By the decree of 29 June 1794 its left wing joined with the Army of the Ardennes and the right wing of the Army of the North to form the Army of Sambre-et-Meuse.

The right wing remained under the orders of Jean René Moreaux as the Army of the Moselle. However, this new army's right wing was joined with the left wing of the Army of the Rhine by a decree of 29 November 1794 under the name of the Armée devant Mayence (Army before Mainz), while the rest of the army was named the Army before Luxembourg under Moreaux. Finally what remained of the Army of the Moselle was merged with the Army of the Rhine by a decree of 3 March 1795 (executed on 20 April) to form the Army of the Rhine and Moselle.

Generals edit

Composition edit

 
Evolution of the Army of the Moselle, War of the First Coalition

1793 edit

In 1793 the Army of the Moselle counted 27 battalions of line infantry, four battalions of light infantry, 42 battalions of National Guards and 12 mounted regiments. The line infantry included the 1st and 2nd Battalions of the 30th, 33rd, 96th, 99th and 103rd Demi Brigades, the 1st Battalions of the 1st, 5th, 27th, 41st and 81st Demi Brigades and the 2nd Battalions of the 2nd, 8th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 40th, 47th, 54th, 55th, 58th, 71st and 100th Demi Brigades. The light infantry consisted of the 6th, 13th, 16th and 17th Battalions. The cavalry regiments were the 4th, 10th, 11th and 14th Cavalry, 1st, 11th and 14th Dragoons, 1st, 9th, 18th and 19th Chasseurs à Cheval and the 2nd Hussars.[1]

The National Guards were made up of the 1st Battalions of the Ardennes, Creuse, Paris Butte de Moulins, Saône-et-Loire and Yonne, the 2nd Battalions of the Lot and Haute-Marne, the 3rd Battalions of the Côte-d'Or, Manche, Paris Sections Armée and Haut-Rhin, the 4th Battalions of the Oise and Var, the 5th Battalion of the Orne, the 6th Battalions of the Basses-Pyrénées and Seine-et-Oise, the 7th Battalion of the Marne, the 9th Battalion of Paris Ste. Margueritte, the 1st and 2nd Battalions of the Cher, 2nd and 3rd Battalions of the Loiret, the 4th, 6th and 7th Battalions of the Meurthe, the 1st, 3rd and 5th Battalions of the Meuse, the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th Battalions of the Moselle, the 1st and 3rd Battalions of the Paris République, the 3rd and 4th Battalions of the Bas-Rhin, the 1st and 7th Battalions of the Rhône-et-Loire, the 1st and 4th Battalions of the Haute-Saône and the 1st and 6th Battalions of the Vosges.[1]

19 February 1794 edit

General of Division Lazare Hoche

Source: Smith, Digby (1998). The Napoleonic Wars Data Book. London: Greenhill. pp. 69–70. ISBN 1-85367-276-9.

3 June 1794 edit

Army of the Moselle, Left Wing: General of Division Jean-Baptiste Jourdan

  • Division Championnet: General of Division Jean Étienne Championnet (7,500)
    • General of Brigade Paul Grenier
      • 18th Line Infantry Demi Brigade (2,153 in three battalions)
      • 1st Dragoon Regiment (444 in three squadrons)
    • General of Brigade Gabriel Jacques Lerivint
      • 59th Line Infantry Demi Brigade (1,638 in three battalions)
      • 94th Line Infantry Demi Brigade (2,327 in three battalions)
      • 4th Cavalry Regiment (398 in three squadrons)
    • 2nd Light Artillery Company (90)
  • Division Hatry: General of Division Jacques Maurice Hatry (10,005)
    • General of Brigade Jean Antoine Chapsal
      • 27th Line Infantry Demi Brigade (680 in 1st Battalion)
      • 44th Line Infantry Demi Brigade (768 in 1st Battalion)
      • Moselle National Guard (771 in 2nd Battalion)
      • Moselle National Guard (604 in 3rd Battalion)
      • Cote-d'Or National Guard (428 in 3rd Battalion)
      • Seine-et-Oise National Guard (1,030 in 6th Battalion)
      • Doubs National Guard (455 in 9th Battalion)
      • Meurthe National Guard (563 in 9th Battalion)
      • 11th Dragoon Regiment (420 in three squadrons)
      • 18th Chasseurs à Cheval Regiment (158 in one squadron)
    • General of Brigade Jean Pierre François Bonet
      • 33rd Line Infantry Demi Brigade (789 in 2nd Battalion)
      • 58th Line Infantry Demi Brigade (730 in 2nd Battalion)
      • Lot-et-Garonne National Guard (582 in 1st Battalion)
      • Bas-Rhin National Guard (789 in 1st Battalion)
      • Loiret National Guard (582 in 2nd Battalion)
      • Var National Guard (554 in 4th Battalion)
    • 3rd Light Artillery Company (93)
  • Division Lefebvre: General of Division François Joseph Lefebvre (9,925)
    • General of Brigade Jean François Leval
      • 5th Line Infantry Demi Brigade (777 in 1st Battalion)
      • 54th Line Infantry Demi Brigade (423 in 2nd Battalion)
      • 99th Line Infantry Demi Brigade (640 in 2nd Battalion)
      • 9th Chasseurs à Cheval Regiment (341)
    • General of Brigade Jean-Baptiste Jacopin
      • 13th Line Infantry Demi Brigade (1,572 in three battalions)
      • 80th Line Infantry Demi Brigade (2,064 in three battalions)
      • 149th Line Infantry Demi Brigade (1,663 in three battalions)
    • General of Brigade Jean Sultzmann
      • 16th Light Infantry Battalion (380)
      • 1st Chasseurs à Cheval Regiment (381)
      • 18th Chasseurs à Cheval Regiment (126)
      • Légion de la Moselle (410)
      • Vosges National Guard (717 in 1st Battalion)
    • 19th Light Artillery Company (110)
  • Division Morlot: General of Division Antoine Morlot (8,210)
    • General of Brigade Jean Baptiste Olivier
      • 110th Line Infantry Demi Brigade (2,709 in three battalions)
      • 14th Dragoon Regiment (445 in three squadrons)
    • General of Brigade Henri Simon
      • 1st Line Infantry Demi Brigade (2,190 in three battalions)
      • 34th Line Infantry Demi Brigade (2,354 in three battalions)
      • 10th Cavalry Regiment (416 in four squadrons)
    • 30th Light Artillery Company (96)

Source: Smith, Digby (1998). The Napoleonic Wars Data Book. London: Greenhill. p. 71. ISBN 1-85367-276-9. Brigade organization and numbers of battalions and squadrons are taken from the Fleurus order of battle on p. 86.

After 20 April 1795, this army was combined with the Army of the Rhine, forming the Army of the Rhine and Moselle.

Notes edit

  1. ^ a b Smith, Digby (1998). The Napoleonic Wars Data Book. London: Greenhill. p. 40. ISBN 1-85367-276-9.

Sources edit

  • Clerget, Charles (1905). Tableaux des armées françaises pendant les guerres de la Révolution. Paris: R. Chapelot: Section historique de l'état-major de l'armée, librairie militaire.
  • Smith, Digby (1998). The Napoleonic Wars Data Book. London: Greenhill. ISBN 1-85367-276-9.

April 11, 2024
army, moselle, armée, moselle, french, revolutionary, army, from, 1791, through, 1795, first, known, army, centre, fought, valmy, october, 1792, renamed, subsequently, fought, trier, first, arlon, biesingen, kaiserslautern, froeschwiller, second, wissembourg, . The Army of the Moselle Armee de la Moselle was a French Revolutionary Army from 1791 through 1795 It was first known as the Army of the Centre and it fought at Valmy In October 1792 it was renamed and subsequently fought at Trier First Arlon Biesingen Kaiserslautern Froeschwiller and Second Wissembourg In the spring of 1794 the left wing was detached and fought at Second Arlon Lambusart and Fleurus before being absorbed by the Army of Sambre et Meuse In late 1794 the army captured Trier and initiated the Siege of Luxembourg During the siege the army was discontinued and its divisions were assigned to other armies Army of the MoselleActive1791 1795CountryFrench First RepublicBranchArmyTypeArmySizeSeven divisionsEngagementsWar of the First Coalition Battle of Valmy 1792 Battle of Trier 1792 Battle of Arlon 1793 Battle of Biesingen 1793 Battle of Kaiserslautern 1793 Battle of Froeschwiller 1793 2nd Battle of Wissembourg 1793 Battle of Arlon 1794 Battle of Lambusart 1794 Battle of Fleurus 1794 Siege of Luxembourg 1794 95 CommandersNotablecommandersGilbert du Motier marquis de LafayetteNicolas LucknerFrancois Christophe KellermannJean Nicolas HouchardLazare HocheJean Baptiste JourdanJean Rene MoreauxJean Jacques Ambert Contents 1 History 2 Generals 3 Composition 3 1 1793 3 2 19 February 1794 3 3 3 June 1794 4 Notes 5 SourcesHistory editOriginally known as the Army of the Centre it was renamed by decree of the National Convention on 1 October 1792 and kept under that name in the decrees of 1 March and 30 April 1793 By the decree of 29 June 1794 its left wing joined with the Army of the Ardennes and the right wing of the Army of the North to form the Army of Sambre et Meuse The right wing remained under the orders of Jean Rene Moreaux as the Army of the Moselle However this new army s right wing was joined with the left wing of the Army of the Rhine by a decree of 29 November 1794 under the name of the Armee devant Mayence Army before Mainz while the rest of the army was named the Army before Luxembourg under Moreaux Finally what remained of the Army of the Moselle was merged with the Army of the Rhine by a decree of 3 March 1795 executed on 20 April to form the Army of the Rhine and Moselle Generals edit14 December 1791 11 July 1792 Gilbert du Motier marquis de Lafayette 12 July 1 September 1792 Nicolas Luckner with supreme command of the Army of the Rhine 2 September 1 October 1792 Francois Christophe Kellermann subordinate Charles Francois Dumouriez until 19 September 1 October 7 November 1792 Francois Christophe Kellermann commander of the new Army of the Moselle subordinate Charles Francois Dumouriez until October 5 8 14 November 1792 interim Jean Etienne Philibert de Prez de Crassier 15 November 1792 23 January 1793 Pierre Riel de Beurnonville subordinate of Adam Philippe Custine 24 January 28 March 1793 Rene Charles Elisabeth de Ligniville subordinate of Adam Philippe Custine 29 March 28 April 1793 Augustin Gabriel d Aboville 29 April 2 August 1793 Jean Nicolas Houchard subordinate Adam Philippe Custine until May 17 then moved to the high command of the Army of the Rhine 3 August 29 September 1793 interim Balthazar Alexis Henri Schauenburg 30 September 1793 Jean Rene Moreaux rejects command 30 September 30 October 1793 interim Jacques Charles Rene Delaunay 31 October 1793 18 March 1794 Lazare Hoche with high command of the Army of the Rhine until January 13 19 March 2 June 1794 Jean Baptiste Jourdan 3 June 1 July 1794 Jean Baptiste Jourdan commanded the armies of the Moselle Ardennes and the right of the Army of the North with Jean Charles Pichegru 2 July 1794 7 July 1794 Jean Rene Moreaux 7 July 3 August 1794 interim Claude Ignace Francois Michaud 3 August 1794 9 February 1795 Jean Rene Moreaux 10 February 19 April 1795 interim Jean Jacques Ambert Composition edit nbsp Evolution of the Army of the Moselle War of the First Coalition1793 edit In 1793 the Army of the Moselle counted 27 battalions of line infantry four battalions of light infantry 42 battalions of National Guards and 12 mounted regiments The line infantry included the 1st and 2nd Battalions of the 30th 33rd 96th 99th and 103rd Demi Brigades the 1st Battalions of the 1st 5th 27th 41st and 81st Demi Brigades and the 2nd Battalions of the 2nd 8th 17th 18th 19th 40th 47th 54th 55th 58th 71st and 100th Demi Brigades The light infantry consisted of the 6th 13th 16th and 17th Battalions The cavalry regiments were the 4th 10th 11th and 14th Cavalry 1st 11th and 14th Dragoons 1st 9th 18th and 19th Chasseurs a Cheval and the 2nd Hussars 1 The National Guards were made up of the 1st Battalions of the Ardennes Creuse Paris Butte de Moulins Saone et Loire and Yonne the 2nd Battalions of the Lot and Haute Marne the 3rd Battalions of the Cote d Or Manche Paris Sections Armee and Haut Rhin the 4th Battalions of the Oise and Var the 5th Battalion of the Orne the 6th Battalions of the Basses Pyrenees and Seine et Oise the 7th Battalion of the Marne the 9th Battalion of Paris Ste Margueritte the 1st and 2nd Battalions of the Cher 2nd and 3rd Battalions of the Loiret the 4th 6th and 7th Battalions of the Meurthe the 1st 3rd and 5th Battalions of the Meuse the 2nd 3rd 4th and 5th Battalions of the Moselle the 1st and 3rd Battalions of the Paris Republique the 3rd and 4th Battalions of the Bas Rhin the 1st and 7th Battalions of the Rhone et Loire the 1st and 4th Battalions of the Haute Saone and the 1st and 6th Battalions of the Vosges 1 19 February 1794 edit General of Division Lazare Hoche General of Division Jean Etienne Championnet General of Division Charles Francois Desbureaux General of Division Jacques Maurice Hatry General of Division Francois Joseph Lefebvre General of Division Jean Rene Moreaux General of Division Antoine Morlot General of Division Nicolas Augustin PaillardSource Smith Digby 1998 The Napoleonic Wars Data Book London Greenhill pp 69 70 ISBN 1 85367 276 9 3 June 1794 edit Army of the Moselle Left Wing General of Division Jean Baptiste Jourdan Division Championnet General of Division Jean Etienne Championnet 7 500 General of Brigade Paul Grenier 18th Line Infantry Demi Brigade 2 153 in three battalions 1st Dragoon Regiment 444 in three squadrons General of Brigade Gabriel Jacques Lerivint 59th Line Infantry Demi Brigade 1 638 in three battalions 94th Line Infantry Demi Brigade 2 327 in three battalions 4th Cavalry Regiment 398 in three squadrons 2nd Light Artillery Company 90 Division Hatry General of Division Jacques Maurice Hatry 10 005 General of Brigade Jean Antoine Chapsal 27th Line Infantry Demi Brigade 680 in 1st Battalion 44th Line Infantry Demi Brigade 768 in 1st Battalion Moselle National Guard 771 in 2nd Battalion Moselle National Guard 604 in 3rd Battalion Cote d Or National Guard 428 in 3rd Battalion Seine et Oise National Guard 1 030 in 6th Battalion Doubs National Guard 455 in 9th Battalion Meurthe National Guard 563 in 9th Battalion 11th Dragoon Regiment 420 in three squadrons 18th Chasseurs a Cheval Regiment 158 in one squadron General of Brigade Jean Pierre Francois Bonet 33rd Line Infantry Demi Brigade 789 in 2nd Battalion 58th Line Infantry Demi Brigade 730 in 2nd Battalion Lot et Garonne National Guard 582 in 1st Battalion Bas Rhin National Guard 789 in 1st Battalion Loiret National Guard 582 in 2nd Battalion Var National Guard 554 in 4th Battalion 3rd Light Artillery Company 93 Division Lefebvre General of Division Francois Joseph Lefebvre 9 925 General of Brigade Jean Francois Leval 5th Line Infantry Demi Brigade 777 in 1st Battalion 54th Line Infantry Demi Brigade 423 in 2nd Battalion 99th Line Infantry Demi Brigade 640 in 2nd Battalion 9th Chasseurs a Cheval Regiment 341 General of Brigade Jean Baptiste Jacopin 13th Line Infantry Demi Brigade 1 572 in three battalions 80th Line Infantry Demi Brigade 2 064 in three battalions 149th Line Infantry Demi Brigade 1 663 in three battalions General of Brigade Jean Sultzmann 16th Light Infantry Battalion 380 1st Chasseurs a Cheval Regiment 381 18th Chasseurs a Cheval Regiment 126 Legion de la Moselle 410 Vosges National Guard 717 in 1st Battalion 19th Light Artillery Company 110 Division Morlot General of Division Antoine Morlot 8 210 General of Brigade Jean Baptiste Olivier 110th Line Infantry Demi Brigade 2 709 in three battalions 14th Dragoon Regiment 445 in three squadrons General of Brigade Henri Simon 1st Line Infantry Demi Brigade 2 190 in three battalions 34th Line Infantry Demi Brigade 2 354 in three battalions 10th Cavalry Regiment 416 in four squadrons 30th Light Artillery Company 96 Source Smith Digby 1998 The Napoleonic Wars Data Book London Greenhill p 71 ISBN 1 85367 276 9 Brigade organization and numbers of battalions and squadrons are taken from the Fleurus order of battle on p 86 After 20 April 1795 this army was combined with the Army of the Rhine forming the Army of the Rhine and Moselle Notes edit a b Smith Digby 1998 The Napoleonic Wars Data Book London Greenhill p 40 ISBN 1 85367 276 9 Sources editClerget Charles 1905 Tableaux des armees francaises pendant les guerres de la Revolution Paris R Chapelot Section historique de l etat major de l armee librairie militaire Smith Digby 1998 The Napoleonic Wars Data Book London Greenhill ISBN 1 85367 276 9 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Army of the Moselle amp oldid 1194971403, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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