Located in Seoul is the Gwangtonggwan, the oldest continuously-operating bank building in Korea.[1] It was registered as one of city's protected monuments on March 5, 2001.[2]
American models heavily influenced new Korean buildings of any importance, with domestic architecture both civil and rural keeping to traditional buildings, building techniques, and using local materials, and local vernacular styles. The pragmatic need to rebuild a country devastated by exploitative colonization, then a civil war, led to ad hoc buildings with no particular styles, extended repeatedly, and a factory system of simple cheap expendable buildings. As few Korean cities had a grid-system, and were often given limits by mountains, few if any urban landscapes had a sense of distinction; by the mid-1950s, rural areas were underfunded, urban areas overfilled, and urban sprawl began with little money to build distinctive important buildings.
Buildings were built as quickly as money and demand would allow in a workman-like anonymous way, but without individual identities. Architects were almost to a man trained in the United States, and brought American design, perspective, and methods without much recourse to the local community look and feel. As the need for housing for workers increased, traditional hanok villages were razed, hundreds of simple cheap apartments were put up very fast, and bedroom communities on the periphery of the urban centres grew, built and financed as company housing. Little effort was made to have a sense of an architectural aesthetic.
This urgency for simple fast housing left most Korean downtowns faceless, consisting of rows and rows of bland concrete towers for work or living and local neighborhoods rebuilt with cheap materials. Little or no attempt was made for planning, if planning had been possible. In the countryside, traditional building continued.
Well into the 1980s, Korea had architecture, but its buildings had little aesthetic, a limited sense of design, and did not integrate into the neighbourhoods or culture. Awareness that functionality had reached its limits came quickly as Korea moved into the world through sports culture. Sports architecture transited to a Korean style.
Cheonggyecheon stream at night in downtown Seoul
Seoul tower
Sports architectureedit
South Korea won the 1986 Asian Games and the 1988 Olympic games, which spurred waves of new building activity. To market the country globally, international architects were encouraged to submit designs, introducing alternative concepts for modern architecture that began to put style and form ahead of spartan practicality. Historically, sports architecture has occupied the most money and the greatest expression of form identity within Korea. Hundreds of billions of won have been spent on defining Korea as a sports mecca with the architecture leading the way.
As in the North, most of the largest projects in the South were government sponsored works: but instead worked in confined, rather than open spaces, and worked with huge amounts of enclosed space, primarily in the state subsidized hugely expensive sports architecture. Korea since the 1980s had its most famous architectural works driven by sports: the Asian Games (1986), the Olympics (1988), and the 2002 World Cup stadia, as well as great support being given by the chaebols such as the Samsung Group which itself owned the sports teams for marketing purposes.
Important architects at this time and their works often led by the atelier-style architectural co-operative Space Group of Korea were:
Park Kil-ryong
Jungup Kim or Kim Chung-up - Trained in France and designed the Olympic Memorial Gate/World Peace Gate, 1988.
Jongseong Kim - Weight Lifting Gymnasium, Olympic Park, 1986.
Kim Su-keun who trained in Tokyo - Olympic Stadium. 1984. Total area is 133,649metres³, 100,000seats, 245×180m diameter, 830 m in perimeter.
Gyusung Woo - Olympic Village, 1984.
It wasn't until the late 1980s and early 1990s that an entirely new generation of Korean architects had the freedom and the financing to build Korean architecture in a distinct Korean manner. This was a result of architects studying and training in Europe, Canada, and even in South America, and seeing the need for more of a sense of unique style, and more sophisticated materials.
There was a new determination that nationalistic architectural elements had to be revived and refined. Buildings had to mean something within their cultural context.
Technology infrastructureedit
Naro Space Center is the country's spaceport. It is built on 4.95 million square meters of reclaimed land in Goheung County, South Jeolla. Scheduled to be completed by the end of 2007 or early 2008, the first launch from the spaceport was in August 2009.
This section's factual accuracy may be compromised due to out-of-date information. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Last update: 2013(October 2022)
The 102 Incheon Tower is a twin tower skyscraper, the main feature of a 13,000 acres (5,300 ha) urban development referred as New Songdo City, located in Incheon. Construction on the $3 billion, 613 m (2,011 ft) project began in 2013.
The Busan Lotte Town Tower is a planned 108-floor, 510.1 m (1,674 ft) skyscraper, part of an extensive riverfront development in Busan. It was planned to be completed in 2019, but construction was halted in 2013 due to funding issues.
Footnotesedit
^Lee, Jun-Ho (2005-08-14). "最古 은행건물 우리銀 종로점 (The Oldest Bank Building the Woori Bank Jongno Branch)". Kyunghyang Sinmun.
^ "광통관 (廣通館) (Gwangtonggwan)". Cultural Heritage Administration of Korea. 2002. Retrieved 2009-04-05.
October 28, 2023
architecture, south, korea, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor,. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Architecture of South Korea news newspapers books scholar JSTOR March 2010 Learn how and when to remove this template message South Korean architecture refers to any architecture in South Korea which includes architecture from Neolithic 7th century B C E three kingdoms of Korea Goryeo Joseon Japanese occupation Korean War and modern architecture Changdeokgung Contents 1 Historic architecture 2 Post division architecture 3 Sports architecture 4 Technology infrastructure 5 Future architecture 6 FootnotesHistoric architecture editFor Korean Historic Architectures see Korean architecture Located in Seoul is the Gwangtonggwan the oldest continuously operating bank building in Korea 1 It was registered as one of city s protected monuments on March 5 2001 2 Joseon Architecture nbsp A typical yangban house in Gangneung nbsp Trees and flowers were carefully arranged to make a nice view nbsp Seongyojang a grandiose country house for a prominent yangban family in Gangneung nbsp The presence of gulttuk or chimney is a unique characteristic of Korean architecture which is rarely found in its other Asian counterparts nbsp Entrance to house nbsp Changdeokgung or Changdeok Royal Palace nbsp Another pavilion in Changdeok Royal Palace nbsp Gyeongbokgung or Gyeongbok Royal Palace Post division architecture edit nbsp Blue House nbsp Yeong Bin Gwan of the Shilla HotelAmerican models heavily influenced new Korean buildings of any importance with domestic architecture both civil and rural keeping to traditional buildings building techniques and using local materials and local vernacular styles The pragmatic need to rebuild a country devastated by exploitative colonization then a civil war led to ad hoc buildings with no particular styles extended repeatedly and a factory system of simple cheap expendable buildings As few Korean cities had a grid system and were often given limits by mountains few if any urban landscapes had a sense of distinction by the mid 1950s rural areas were underfunded urban areas overfilled and urban sprawl began with little money to build distinctive important buildings nbsp Namdaemun gate at night in SeoulBuildings were built as quickly as money and demand would allow in a workman like anonymous way but without individual identities Architects were almost to a man trained in the United States and brought American design perspective and methods without much recourse to the local community look and feel As the need for housing for workers increased traditional hanok villages were razed hundreds of simple cheap apartments were put up very fast and bedroom communities on the periphery of the urban centres grew built and financed as company housing Little effort was made to have a sense of an architectural aesthetic This urgency for simple fast housing left most Korean downtowns faceless consisting of rows and rows of bland concrete towers for work or living and local neighborhoods rebuilt with cheap materials Little or no attempt was made for planning if planning had been possible In the countryside traditional building continued Well into the 1980s Korea had architecture but its buildings had little aesthetic a limited sense of design and did not integrate into the neighbourhoods or culture Awareness that functionality had reached its limits came quickly as Korea moved into the world through sports culture Sports architecture transited to a Korean style nbsp Cheonggyecheon stream at night in downtown Seoul nbsp Seoul towerSports architecture editSouth Korea won the 1986 Asian Games and the 1988 Olympic games which spurred waves of new building activity To market the country globally international architects were encouraged to submit designs introducing alternative concepts for modern architecture that began to put style and form ahead of spartan practicality Historically sports architecture has occupied the most money and the greatest expression of form identity within Korea Hundreds of billions of won have been spent on defining Korea as a sports mecca with the architecture leading the way As in the North most of the largest projects in the South were government sponsored works but instead worked in confined rather than open spaces and worked with huge amounts of enclosed space primarily in the state subsidized hugely expensive sports architecture Korea since the 1980s had its most famous architectural works driven by sports the Asian Games 1986 the Olympics 1988 and the 2002 World Cup stadia as well as great support being given by the chaebols such as the Samsung Group which itself owned the sports teams for marketing purposes Important architects at this time and their works often led by the atelier style architectural co operative Space Group of Korea were Park Kil ryong Jungup Kim or Kim Chung up Trained in France and designed the Olympic Memorial Gate World Peace Gate 1988 Jongseong Kim Weight Lifting Gymnasium Olympic Park 1986 Kim Su keun who trained in Tokyo Olympic Stadium 1984 Total area is 133 649metres 100 000seats 245 180m diameter 830 m in perimeter Gyusung Woo Olympic Village 1984 It wasn t until the late 1980s and early 1990s that an entirely new generation of Korean architects had the freedom and the financing to build Korean architecture in a distinct Korean manner This was a result of architects studying and training in Europe Canada and even in South America and seeing the need for more of a sense of unique style and more sophisticated materials There was a new determination that nationalistic architectural elements had to be revived and refined Buildings had to mean something within their cultural context Technology infrastructure editNaro Space Center is the country s spaceport It is built on 4 95 million square meters of reclaimed land in Goheung County South Jeolla Scheduled to be completed by the end of 2007 or early 2008 the first launch from the spaceport was in August 2009 Future architecture edit nbsp 102 Incheon Tower compared to the World Trade Center s twin towersThis section s factual accuracy may be compromised due to out of date information Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information Last update 2013 October 2022 A number of supertall structures are planned for South Korea The 102 Incheon Tower is a twin tower skyscraper the main feature of a 13 000 acres 5 300 ha urban development referred as New Songdo City located in Incheon Construction on the 3 billion 613 m 2 011 ft project began in 2013 The Busan Lotte Town Tower is a planned 108 floor 510 1 m 1 674 ft skyscraper part of an extensive riverfront development in Busan It was planned to be completed in 2019 but construction was halted in 2013 due to funding issues Footnotes edit Lee Jun Ho 2005 08 14 最古 은행건물 우리銀 종로점 The Oldest Bank Building the Woori Bank Jongno Branch Kyunghyang Sinmun 광통관 廣通館 Gwangtonggwan Cultural Heritage Administration of Korea 2002 Retrieved 2009 04 05 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Architecture of South Korea amp oldid 1170622327, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
