An anti-intrusion bar or beam is a passive safety device, installed in most cars and other ground vehicles, which must protect passengers from side impacts.[1] Side impacts are particularly dangerous for two reasons: a) the location of impact is very close to the passenger, who can be immediately reached by the impacting vehicle; b) in many side-impact accidents, the impacting vehicle may be larger, taller, heavier, or structurally stiffer than the struck vehicle. The role of an anti-intrusion bar is to absorb the kinetic energy of the colliding vehicles that is partially converted into internal work of the members involved in the crash.
Designs to counteract side impact collisions were explored as early as 1969 by General Motors,[2] and Ford was issued a patent for the technology in 1975.[3]Volvo introduced the Side Impact Protection System for its 700, 800, and 900[4] series cars in the early 1990s.[5]
The performance of a side beam is measured by several indicators. The most important are:
the Specific Energy Absorption (SEA), which measures the amount of energy absorbed per unit mass;
and the energy efficiency η, which is the ratio between the mean load and the peak load transmitted to the vehicle during the impact.
Furthermore:
the amount of intrusion, for a given energy, must be as small as possible;
the maximum depth or diameter of the bar must be reasonably small, as the vehicle door does not generally allow much space;
the cost of the member must be reasonably small.
Typical design
The anti-intrusion beams commonly span the length of the door at about a vertical midsection of the door. As the figure shows, the typical profiles can be open or closed (tubular, usually with a round cross section).
Some examples of anti-intrusion bars for cars
They are conventionally made by stamping or hydroforming processes. When the cross section is closed, the tubes can be used as-received. In the scientific and technical literature, some unconventional designs have been proposed.[6]
Typical materials
The anti-intrusion bars are generally made of high strength steels.[7] However, some studies indicate that stainless steel 304 might be a better choice, because of its larger plastic field and a larger amount of potentially absorbed energy before fracture.[8] In the scientific and technical literature, some unconventional material combinations have been proposed, too, e.g. based on metal foam filled tubes[9] or composite materials.[10]
^Hedeen, C. E.; Campbell, D. D. (1969-02-01). "Side Impact Structures 690003". SAE International. doi:10.4271/690003. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^Ford Motor Company. "Side door intrusion protection (US3868796A)". Google Patents.
^"Volvo '92: New model, new engine and a unique safety innovation". new.volvocars.com (Press release). Rockleigh, New Jersey: Volvo Cars of North America. 1992. from the original on 2017-02-06. Retrieved 2017-07-07.
^. www.volvogroup.com. Volvo Group. 2011. Archived from the original on 2011-06-16. Retrieved 2017-07-07.
^"Vehicle anti intrusion bar by Bond, Sam – AU 1999065514".
^High Strength Steel for Automotive Safety Components December 20, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
^Strano, M.; Mussi, V.; Monno, M. (2010). "Non-conventional technologies for the manufacturing of anti-intrusion bars". International Journal of Material Forming. 3: 1111–1114. doi:10.1007/s12289-010-0966-y. S2CID 136670060.
^"Anti-intrusion beam for vehicle door assembly - US Patent 7819462 Description". www.patentstorm.us. Archived from the original on 21 April 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
May 02, 2023
anti, intrusion, anti, intrusion, beam, passive, safety, device, installed, most, cars, other, ground, vehicles, which, must, protect, passengers, from, side, impacts, side, impacts, particularly, dangerous, reasons, location, impact, very, close, passenger, i. An anti intrusion bar or beam is a passive safety device installed in most cars and other ground vehicles which must protect passengers from side impacts 1 Side impacts are particularly dangerous for two reasons a the location of impact is very close to the passenger who can be immediately reached by the impacting vehicle b in many side impact accidents the impacting vehicle may be larger taller heavier or structurally stiffer than the struck vehicle The role of an anti intrusion bar is to absorb the kinetic energy of the colliding vehicles that is partially converted into internal work of the members involved in the crash Designs to counteract side impact collisions were explored as early as 1969 by General Motors 2 and Ford was issued a patent for the technology in 1975 3 Volvo introduced the Side Impact Protection System for its 700 800 and 900 4 series cars in the early 1990s 5 Contents 1 Performance 2 Typical design 3 Typical materials 4 ReferencesPerformance EditThe performance of a side beam is measured by several indicators The most important are the Specific Energy Absorption SEA which measures the amount of energy absorbed per unit mass and the energy efficiency h which is the ratio between the mean load and the peak load transmitted to the vehicle during the impact Furthermore the amount of intrusion for a given energy must be as small as possible the maximum depth or diameter of the bar must be reasonably small as the vehicle door does not generally allow much space the cost of the member must be reasonably small Typical design EditThe anti intrusion beams commonly span the length of the door at about a vertical midsection of the door As the figure shows the typical profiles can be open or closed tubular usually with a round cross section Some examples of anti intrusion bars for carsThey are conventionally made by stamping or hydroforming processes When the cross section is closed the tubes can be used as received In the scientific and technical literature some unconventional designs have been proposed 6 Typical materials EditThe anti intrusion bars are generally made of high strength steels 7 However some studies indicate that stainless steel 304 might be a better choice because of its larger plastic field and a larger amount of potentially absorbed energy before fracture 8 In the scientific and technical literature some unconventional material combinations have been proposed too e g based on metal foam filled tubes 9 or composite materials 10 References Edit http www autosafetyexpert com Assets Docs on the safe side pdf bare URL PDF Hedeen C E Campbell D D 1969 02 01 Side Impact Structures 690003 SAE International doi 10 4271 690003 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Ford Motor Company Side door intrusion protection US3868796A Google Patents Volvo 92 New model new engine and a unique safety innovation new volvocars com Press release Rockleigh New Jersey Volvo Cars of North America 1992 Archived from the original on 2017 02 06 Retrieved 2017 07 07 R amp D milestones of the Volvo Group www volvogroup com Volvo Group 2011 Archived from the original on 2011 06 16 Retrieved 2017 07 07 Vehicle anti intrusion bar by Bond Sam AU 1999065514 High Strength Steel for Automotive Safety Components Archived December 20 2011 at the Wayback Machine http www centroinox it sites default files pubblicazioni 213A pdf bare URL PDF Strano M Mussi V Monno M 2010 Non conventional technologies for the manufacturing of anti intrusion bars International Journal of Material Forming 3 1111 1114 doi 10 1007 s12289 010 0966 y S2CID 136670060 Anti intrusion beam for vehicle door assembly US Patent 7819462 Description www patentstorm us Archived from the original on 21 April 2013 Retrieved 6 June 2022 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Anti intrusion bar amp oldid 1150902446, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
