Aliste is a comarca located in the west of the province of Zamora, Castile and León, Spain, bordering with Portugal in the west and in the south. It covers 193,883 hectares. Aliste is an area that has preserved a rich cultural and ethnological tradition through years of isolation. Aliste is perhaps the poorest zone within the province, the economy of this deeply rural comarca is based on cattle rearing. The origin of the name Aliste appears as Alesti in a 9th Century manuscript, referring to the trees (alisos) which can be seen on the banks of what is now called the Aliste River.
The Aliste comarca is one of the few areas in Western Europe having a sizeable population of wild wolves living in the Sierra de la Culebra mountain range in the northwest of the comarca.
The terrain is rolling and hilly, alternating with dry landscapes typical to neighboring regions of Portugal. It is bisected by the River Aliste, near which is abundant vegetation, oak trees, and brush. There is a national game reserve located in the Sierra de la Culebra (65,981 hectares), which has the largest population of wolves in the Iberian Peninsula.
This comarca has various examples of Romanic art in its churches, which can be seen in Tabara, or the clocktower of Alcañices, as well as the castle of Riomanzanas. There are also historical sites associated with the Templars.
Cuisine
The comarca has a diverse regional cuisine, with a famous breed of local cattle known as Ternera de Aliste. Other popular foods include pork, which is slaughtered in local ritual festivals believed to originate with the early Celtic inhabitants of the region.
Music
There are various local music traditions, often employing the bagpipe, flute, and drum, as is common throughout Zamora. The gaita alistana, a type of traditional bagpipe, is associated with the region, and bears some resemblance to the neighboring gaita transmontana and gaita sanabresa.
On some Sundays, and for holidays and festivals of patron saints the locals perform spectacles and traditional dances, such as the jota. el que toca el tamboril acompaña la gaita con el canto de letras adaptadas al ritmo del baile.
Fragment of a typical jota
Tienes unos ojos, niña,
que te lloran aguardiente,
pero tienes una cara,
que le dice al sol detente.
Ay, ay, ay, ay, ay, los de Santander
Se van a marchar,
No van a volver.
No van a volver,
No van a volver,
Ay, ay, ay, ay, ay, los de Santander.
Todo lo que a mi me pasa
se lo cuentan a mi madre,
como si mi madre fuera,
cuchillo para matarme.
Tienes unos ojos niña,
que te los estoy mirando,
que cuando miran a un hombre,
le quitan de vida un año.
Como quieres que te quiera,
si aun a mi me están queriendo,
como quieres que yo ame,
dos corazones a un tiempo.
Manojito de alfileres,
me parecen tus pestañas,
que cada vez que me miras,
se me clavan en el alma.
Te tienes por mozo rico
y a las mozas pones faltas,
también a los mozos ricos
les suelen dar calabazas.
Un rosal cría una rosa,
una maceta un clavel,
un padre cría una hija
sin saber para quién es.
A tus ojitos azules,
no los quiero ver llorar,
que el cielo se pone triste,
cuando anuncia tempestad.
Yo te quise y tu a mi no,
yo te amo y tu me aborreces,
yo te estoy queriendo a ti,
aunque tu a mi me desprecies.
Customs
The customs of Aliste are based on long history and legend, with the annual slaughter of livestock (matanza) being a major cultural event.
The Alistano language
Alistano is not properly a dialect, but may be considered a variant of Leonese,[1] with a distinct personality influenced by Galician-Portuguese, due to geographic proximity. Gómez Moreno states that the Alistanos "may even belong to the Portuguese race, given the clues remaining in their language."
Alistano also shows the influence of Galician, as do many aspects of Alistan culture, which has at least twenty centuries of cultural intercourse with Galicia. The future of Alistano is difficult, but it is not definitively bound for extinction. It persists primarily amongst the elderly. The influx of the Leonese, increased urbanization (clashing with the primarily rural culture of Aliste), mass media, and the use of Castilian as the official language and language of education, are inexorable factors influencing the decline of Alistano.
Example of a dialogue in Alistano:
¿A onde fuest'ayer?
Fuey a rega las patatas, al huertu que linda cun el vuestru.
Pus, p'e qu'habiés arregau hacié poco.
Si, hacié dos semanas, peru las patatas estaban ya turradicas.
Es que cun estas calores...
Y tu, ¿cuandu piensas dir a rega las tuyas?
Nu sey on t'avia... Cun estu de mi padre...
¿Le pas'algu?
Lleva una temporada muy estropiau.
Spanish translation:
¿Adonde fuiste ayer?
Fui a regar las patatas, al huerto que linda con el vuestro.
Pues, me parece que habías regado hace poco.
Si, hace dos semanas, pero las patatas estaban ya muy secas.
Es que con esta calor...
Y tu, ¿cuándo piensas ir a regar las tuyas?
No sé todavía... Con esto de mi padre...
¿Le pasa algo?
Lleva una temporada muy enfermo.
Bibliography
Costumbres comunales de Aliste, Santiago Méndez Plaza, Madrid, 1900.
Historias de la Villa de Nuez y otras de Aliste y Alba, Gabriel Guarrido Casado, 1966.
Clima de la provincia de Zamora, Garmendia.J. (1986):. Publicación I.O.A.T.O. Salamanca.
El habla de Tierra de Aliste, José María Baz, Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 1967
References
^Gramática histórica de la lengua asturiana. Fonética, fonología e introducción a la "morfosintaxis histórica." Jose Luís García Arias. Oviedo, ALLA, dic/2003. 978-84-8168-341-7
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Aliste (comarca).
Web de la comarca de Aliste
Rutas por la comarca de Aliste
Lajafriz - Centro de Turismo Rural en Fornillos de Aliste
aliste, comarca, aliste, comarca, located, west, province, zamora, castile, león, spain, bordering, with, portugal, west, south, covers, hectares, aliste, area, that, preserved, rich, cultural, ethnological, tradition, through, years, isolation, aliste, perhap. Aliste is a comarca located in the west of the province of Zamora Castile and Leon Spain bordering with Portugal in the west and in the south It covers 193 883 hectares Aliste is an area that has preserved a rich cultural and ethnological tradition through years of isolation Aliste is perhaps the poorest zone within the province the economy of this deeply rural comarca is based on cattle rearing The origin of the name Aliste appears as Alesti in a 9th Century manuscript referring to the trees alisos which can be seen on the banks of what is now called the Aliste River Location of Aliste comarca in Zamora Province Pena Furada in Sierra de la Culebra near Gallegos del Campo Aliste River near Mahide Traditional architecture in Aliste Local women in regional costume Turriyones a local dish The Aliste comarca is one of the few areas in Western Europe having a sizeable population of wild wolves living in the Sierra de la Culebra mountain range in the northwest of the comarca Contents 1 Geography 2 Municipalities 3 Culture 3 1 Cuisine 3 2 Music 3 3 Fragment of a typical jota 3 4 Customs 3 5 The Alistano language 4 Bibliography 5 References 6 External linksGeography EditThe terrain is rolling and hilly alternating with dry landscapes typical to neighboring regions of Portugal It is bisected by the River Aliste near which is abundant vegetation oak trees and brush There is a national game reserve located in the Sierra de la Culebra 65 981 hectares which has the largest population of wolves in the Iberian Peninsula Municipalities EditAbejera de Tabara Alcanices Alcorcillo Arcillera Bercianos de Aliste Bermillo de Alba Boya Brandilanes de Aliste Cabanas de Aliste Campogrande de Aliste Castro de Alcanices Ceadea Domez de Alba El Poyo Ferreras de Abajo Figueruela de Abajo Figueruela de Arriba Flechas Flores de Aliste Fonfria Fornillos de Aliste Fradellos Gallegos del Campo Gallegos del Rio Grisuela Latedo Lober La Torre de Aliste Mahide Matellanes Mellanes Moldones Moveros Nuez de Aliste Olmillos de castro Palazuelo de las Cuevas Pobladura de Aliste Puercas de Aliste Rabanales Rabano de Aliste Ribas Riofrio de Aliste Riomanzanas Salto de Castro Samir de los Canos San Blas San Cristobal de Aliste San Juan del Rebollar San Mamed San Martin de Tabara San Martin del Pedroso San Pedro de las Herrerias San Vicente de la Cabeza San Vitero Santa Ana Sarracin de Aliste Sejas de Aliste Tola Tolilla Trabazos Ufones Valer de Aliste Vega de Nuez Villarino de Cebal Villarino de Manzanas Villarino Tras la Sierra Vinas de Aliste VivineraCulture EditThis comarca has various examples of Romanic art in its churches which can be seen in Tabara or the clocktower of Alcanices as well as the castle of Riomanzanas There are also historical sites associated with the Templars Cuisine Edit The comarca has a diverse regional cuisine with a famous breed of local cattle known as Ternera de Aliste Other popular foods include pork which is slaughtered in local ritual festivals believed to originate with the early Celtic inhabitants of the region Music Edit There are various local music traditions often employing the bagpipe flute and drum as is common throughout Zamora The gaita alistana a type of traditional bagpipe is associated with the region and bears some resemblance to the neighboring gaita transmontana and gaita sanabresa On some Sundays and for holidays and festivals of patron saints the locals perform spectacles and traditional dances such as the jota el que toca el tamboril acompana la gaita con el canto de letras adaptadas al ritmo del baile Fragment of a typical jota Edit Tienes unos ojos nina que te lloran aguardiente pero tienes una cara que le dice al sol detente Ay ay ay ay ay los de Santander Se van a marchar No van a volver No van a volver No van a volver Ay ay ay ay ay los de Santander Todo lo que a mi me pasa se lo cuentan a mi madre como si mi madre fuera cuchillo para matarme Tienes unos ojos nina que te los estoy mirando que cuando miran a un hombre le quitan de vida un ano Como quieres que te quiera si aun a mi me estan queriendo como quieres que yo ame dos corazones a un tiempo Manojito de alfileres me parecen tus pestanas que cada vez que me miras se me clavan en el alma Te tienes por mozo rico y a las mozas pones faltas tambien a los mozos ricos les suelen dar calabazas Un rosal cria una rosa una maceta un clavel un padre cria una hija sin saber para quien es A tus ojitos azules no los quiero ver llorar que el cielo se pone triste cuando anuncia tempestad Yo te quise y tu a mi no yo te amo y tu me aborreces yo te estoy queriendo a ti aunque tu a mi me desprecies Customs Edit The customs of Aliste are based on long history and legend with the annual slaughter of livestock matanza being a major cultural event The Alistano language Edit Alistano is not properly a dialect but may be considered a variant of Leonese 1 with a distinct personality influenced by Galician Portuguese due to geographic proximity Gomez Moreno states that the Alistanos may even belong to the Portuguese race given the clues remaining in their language Alistano also shows the influence of Galician as do many aspects of Alistan culture which has at least twenty centuries of cultural intercourse with Galicia The future of Alistano is difficult but it is not definitively bound for extinction It persists primarily amongst the elderly The influx of the Leonese increased urbanization clashing with the primarily rural culture of Aliste mass media and the use of Castilian as the official language and language of education are inexorable factors influencing the decline of Alistano Example of a dialogue in Alistano A onde fuest ayer Fuey a rega las patatas al huertu que linda cun el vuestru Pus p e qu habies arregau hacie poco Si hacie dos semanas peru las patatas estaban ya turradicas Es que cun estas calores Y tu cuandu piensas dir a rega las tuyas Nu sey on t avia Cun estu de mi padre Le pas algu Lleva una temporada muy estropiau Spanish translation Adonde fuiste ayer Fui a regar las patatas al huerto que linda con el vuestro Pues me parece que habias regado hace poco Si hace dos semanas pero las patatas estaban ya muy secas Es que con esta calor Y tu cuando piensas ir a regar las tuyas No se todavia Con esto de mi padre Le pasa algo Lleva una temporada muy enfermo Bibliography EditCostumbres comunales de Aliste Santiago Mendez Plaza Madrid 1900 Historias de la Villa de Nuez y otras de Aliste y Alba Gabriel Guarrido Casado 1966 Clima de la provincia de Zamora Garmendia J 1986 Publicacion I O A T O Salamanca El habla de Tierra de Aliste Jose Maria Baz Madrid Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas 1967References Edit Gramatica historica de la lengua asturiana Fonetica fonologia e introduccion a la morfosintaxis historica Jose Luis Garcia Arias Oviedo ALLA dic 2003 978 84 8168 341 7External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Aliste comarca Web de la comarca de Aliste Rutas por la comarca de Aliste Lajafriz Centro de Turismo Rural en Fornillos de Aliste Coordinates 41 47 N 6 18 W 41 783 N 6 300 W 41 783 6 300 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Aliste comarca amp oldid 1020668682, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
