Ali İhsan Pasha (1882 – 9 December 1957) was the commander for the Sixth Army of the Ottoman Empire during World War I.[2] After the war he was exiled to Malta by the British occupation forces. After returning to Turkey, he was appointed to the commandship of the First Army of Turkey. But shortly before the battle of Dumlupınar, he retired.
The commander of the XIII Corps Ali İhsan Sâbis and his men (Hamedan)
In February 1916, he was assigned as the commander of the Ottoman VIII Corps, which had a considerable role in the successful Siege of Kut.[3] In 1918, his army was defeated by the British forces and he surrendered the remains of the 6th Army in October 1918 at the Battle of Sharqat, allowing the British to occupy Mosul in early November.[4]
Ali Ihsan is also known for his role in the Armenian genocide. While carrying his duties as commander of the 51st division, the Armenians that belonged to those units were murdered outright.[5] When he took command of the 4th army, Ali Ihsan played a crucial role in the forceful exhaustion and starvation of Armenians, which accounted for the lives of tens and thousands.[5] According to the German foreign ministry:
General A. Ihsan countless times and purposefully let the Germans know that he would not allow a single Armenian stay alive in his command zone. He bragged to German officers that "he had killed Armenians with his own hands" (rühmte sich mit eigener Hand Armenier getötet zu haben).[5][6]
Ali Ihsan Sabis was appointed the head of the 6th army and was tasked to enter Iran where he besieged the Armenian contingents in the area who were led by General Andranik Ozanian.[7] He had also warned the local chieftains that they would be killed if Armenian refugees were hiding under their protection.[8] Proceeding with massacring the local Armenian population, Ihsan confessed in front of a delegation of Armenians in Tabriz on 11 August:
I thank you for having come out to greet me, but listen to what I am going to tell you: above all, prove the truth of your words by your deeds. You are not unaware of all the afflictions that the Armenians of Urmia, Salmast, and Khoy have brought down upon the Muslim population. In retaliation, we killed the Armenians of Khoy and I gave the order to massacre the Armenians of Maku. If you with to be well treated, honor the promises that you have just made. If you do not, I cannot offer you any guarantees.[7]
This speech was affirmed by the archives of the French foreign ministry which states:
Ali Ihsan Paşa, formerly the Commander of the Army Corps stationed at Van, entered Tabriz at the end of June 1918 in the capacity of Commander-in-Chief of the Ottoman Forces in Azerbaijan...In an address to an Armenian delegation he said approximately the following: "Let it be known that during my entry into Khoy I had the Armenians of the area massacred, without distinction of age and sex ..."[5]
During a reception of the Armenian Prelate Mgr. Nerses, Ali Ihsan told him: "I had a half a million of your coreligionists massacred. I can offer you a cup of tea."[5][8]
^T.C. Genelkurmay Harp Tarihi Başkanlığı Yayınları, Türk İstiklâl Harbine Katılan Tümen ve Daha Üst Kademelerdeki Komutanların Biyografileri, Genkurmay Başkanlığı Basımevi, Ankara, 1972, p. 144. (in Turkish)
^Mango, Andrew (1999). Atatürk: The Biography of the Founder of Modern Turkey. Woodstock, NY: The Overlook Press. p. 191. ISBN1-58567-011-1.
^Uyar, Mesut (December 30, 2020). The Ottoman Army and the First World War. Routledge. pp. 252–253, 259. ISBN978-0-367-47177-4.
^ abcdeDadrian, Vahakn N. (1995). The history of the Armenian genocide: ethnic conflict from the Balkans to Anatolia to the Caucasus (3rd rev. ed.). Providence, RI: Berghahn. ISBN1-57181-016-1.
^ abKévorkian, Raymond H. (2010). The Armenian genocide: a complete history (Reprinted. ed.). London: I. B. Tauris. ISBN978-1-84885-561-8.
^ abKévorkian, Raymond H. (2006). Le génocide des Arméniens (in French). Paris: Jacob. pp. 870–1. ISBN2-7381-1830-5.
External linksedit
Media related to Ali İhsan Sâbis at Wikimedia Commons
April 13, 2024
ihsan, sâbis, ihsan, pasha, 1882, december, 1957, commander, sixth, army, ottoman, empire, during, world, after, exiled, malta, british, occupation, forces, after, returning, turkey, appointed, commandship, first, army, turkey, shortly, before, battle, dumlupı. Ali Ihsan Pasha 1882 9 December 1957 was the commander for the Sixth Army of the Ottoman Empire during World War I 2 After the war he was exiled to Malta by the British occupation forces After returning to Turkey he was appointed to the commandship of the First Army of Turkey But shortly before the battle of Dumlupinar he retired Ali Ihsan Pasha1317 Top 1 1 Ali Ihsan PashaBorn1882 1882 Constantinople Istanbul Ottoman EmpireDiedDecember 9 1957 1957 12 09 aged 74 75 Istanbul TurkeyBuriedZincirlikuyu MezarligiAllegiance Ottoman Empire TurkeyYears of serviceOttoman 1902 1919Turkey September 25 1921 June 22 1922RankOrgeneralCommands held1st division of the General headquarters Chief of Staff of the Second Army XIII Corps deputy General Reserve of the Third Army XI Corps deputy 1st Expeditionary Force IX Corps XIII Corps IV Corps Sixth ArmyFirst ArmyBattles warsBalkan WarsFirst World War Battle of DujailaWar of IndependenceOther workMember of the GNAT Afyonkarahisar Contents 1 World War I 2 Armenian genocide 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksWorld War I edit nbsp The commander of the XIII Corps Ali Ihsan Sabis and his men Hamedan In February 1916 he was assigned as the commander of the Ottoman VIII Corps which had a considerable role in the successful Siege of Kut 3 In 1918 his army was defeated by the British forces and he surrendered the remains of the 6th Army in October 1918 at the Battle of Sharqat allowing the British to occupy Mosul in early November 4 Armenian genocide edit nbsp Mustafa Kemal s visit to Cay in the morning of 31 March 1922 during the Turkish War of Independence Ali Ihsan Pasha can be seen on the far right Ali Ihsan is also known for his role in the Armenian genocide While carrying his duties as commander of the 51st division the Armenians that belonged to those units were murdered outright 5 When he took command of the 4th army Ali Ihsan played a crucial role in the forceful exhaustion and starvation of Armenians which accounted for the lives of tens and thousands 5 According to the German foreign ministry General A Ihsan countless times and purposefully let the Germans know that he would not allow a single Armenian stay alive in his command zone He bragged to German officers that he had killed Armenians with his own hands ruhmte sich mit eigener Hand Armenier getotet zu haben 5 6 Ali Ihsan Sabis was appointed the head of the 6th army and was tasked to enter Iran where he besieged the Armenian contingents in the area who were led by General Andranik Ozanian 7 He had also warned the local chieftains that they would be killed if Armenian refugees were hiding under their protection 8 Proceeding with massacring the local Armenian population Ihsan confessed in front of a delegation of Armenians in Tabriz on 11 August I thank you for having come out to greet me but listen to what I am going to tell you above all prove the truth of your words by your deeds You are not unaware of all the afflictions that the Armenians of Urmia Salmast and Khoy have brought down upon the Muslim population In retaliation we killed the Armenians of Khoy and I gave the order to massacre the Armenians of Maku If you with to be well treated honor the promises that you have just made If you do not I cannot offer you any guarantees 7 This speech was affirmed by the archives of the French foreign ministry which states Ali Ihsan Pasa formerly the Commander of the Army Corps stationed at Van entered Tabriz at the end of June 1918 in the capacity of Commander in Chief of the Ottoman Forces in Azerbaijan In an address to an Armenian delegation he said approximately the following Let it be known that during my entry into Khoy I had the Armenians of the area massacred without distinction of age and sex 5 During a reception of the Armenian Prelate Mgr Nerses Ali Ihsan told him I had a half a million of your coreligionists massacred I can offer you a cup of tea 5 8 See also editList of high ranking commanders of the Turkish War of Independence List of commanders of the First Army of TurkeyReferences edit T C Genelkurmay Harp Tarihi Baskanligi Yayinlari Turk Istiklal Harbine Katilan Tumen ve Daha Ust Kademelerdeki Komutanlarin Biyografileri Genkurmay Baskanligi Basimevi Ankara 1972 p 144 in Turkish Mango Andrew 1999 Ataturk The Biography of the Founder of Modern Turkey Woodstock NY The Overlook Press p 191 ISBN 1 58567 011 1 Uyar Mesut December 30 2020 The Ottoman Army and the First World War Routledge pp 252 253 259 ISBN 978 0 367 47177 4 Uyar Mesut December 30 2020 pp 395 296 a b c d e Dadrian Vahakn N 1995 The history of the Armenian genocide ethnic conflict from the Balkans to Anatolia to the Caucasus 3rd rev ed Providence RI Berghahn ISBN 1 57181 016 1 Akcam Taner 2007 A shameful act the Armenian genocide and the question of Turkish responsibility 1st Holt pbk ed New York NY Metropolitan Books Holt ISBN 978 0 8050 8665 2 Profile at Google Books a b Kevorkian Raymond H 2010 The Armenian genocide a complete history Reprinted ed London I B Tauris ISBN 978 1 84885 561 8 a b Kevorkian Raymond H 2006 Le genocide des Armeniens in French Paris Jacob pp 870 1 ISBN 2 7381 1830 5 External links edit nbsp Media related to Ali Ihsan Sabis at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ali Ihsan Sabis amp oldid 1209950290, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
