Alexandre Martin (27 April 1815 – 28 May 1895), nicknamed Albert l'Ouvrier ("Albert the Worker"),[1] was a French socialiststatesman of the French Second Republic. He was the first member of the industrial working class to be in French government.[1]
Albert was born in Bury, in the Oisedépartement to a peasant family.[2] As a young man he moved to Paris, where he served as an apprentice in his uncle's machine shop; later, he worked as a machinist in a button factory.[2]
He participated in the July Revolution of 1830. Throughout his public life, he was known simply as "Albert the Worker," and was closely associated with the socialist Louis Blanc. He was a member of a variety of secret revolutionary societies in the 1830s and 1840s. He was made leader of the revolutionary Nouvelles Saisons society in 1839, and editor of the l'Atelier the following year.
1848edit
He fought on the barricades in the revolution of 1848, and was a member of the socialist government that formed at the Hôtel de Ville. When the socialists were included into the provisional government, Louis Blanc made Albert – by this time a popular figure among the workers – a secretary. He was sent to the Luxembourg Commission – the provisional government's labor commission – as Louis Blanc's vice-president, a position he held until the 15 May riots.
Albert and Blanc were two of the six members of the Luxembourg Commission to be elected in the April elections. The socialists – who, through the Luxembourg Commission ran a virtual state-within-a-state – clashed with the Assembly. Blanc's proposal for a fully fledged ministry of labor in keeping with his ideal for "national workshops" was rejected on 10 May. By this time, Albert had lost faith in the provisional government, and, together with Louis Auguste Blanqui and Armand Barbès, attempted an insurrection of his own. On 15 May, they led a crowd, demonstrating against the government; the riot was bloodily suppressed by the bourgeois National Guards, and Albert and Barbès were captured at the Hôtel de Ville.
Trial, prison, and later lifeedit
Albert did not defend himself at the subsequent trial at Bourges, in 1849. He was thus found guilty of treason and an attempt to incite revolution, and sent to prison on Belle Île for four years. When he became ill in 1854, he was transferred to Tours, where he remained until he was released by the general amnesty of 16 August 1859. He returned to Paris as a working man, taking a job for the gas company. In 1870, during the Franco-Prussian War, became a member of the Commission des Barricades in the Government of National Defense, and stood for election twice in the Third Republic – but lost both attempts.
He retired to Mello in his home département of Oise. Upon his death in 1895, he was given a national funeral, and his tombstone was given by the government.[2]
^ ab"Albert l'Ouvrier | French politician". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 9 June 2016.
^ abc"Albert (Alexandre Martin)". ohio.edu. Retrieved 9 June 2016.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alexandre Martin.
International Institute of Social History entry
(brief)
Encyclopædia Britannica article
April 12, 2024
alexandre, martin, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, june, 20. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Alexandre Martin news newspapers books scholar JSTOR June 2016 Learn how and when to remove this template message Alexandre Martin 27 April 1815 28 May 1895 nicknamed Albert l Ouvrier Albert the Worker 1 was a French socialist statesman of the French Second Republic He was the first member of the industrial working class to be in French government 1 Alexandre Martin drawn in 1848 Contents 1 Early life 2 1848 3 Trial prison and later life 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksEarly life editAlbert was born in Bury in the Oise departement to a peasant family 2 As a young man he moved to Paris where he served as an apprentice in his uncle s machine shop later he worked as a machinist in a button factory 2 He participated in the July Revolution of 1830 Throughout his public life he was known simply as Albert the Worker and was closely associated with the socialist Louis Blanc He was a member of a variety of secret revolutionary societies in the 1830s and 1840s He was made leader of the revolutionary Nouvelles Saisons society in 1839 and editor of the l Atelier the following year 1848 editHe fought on the barricades in the revolution of 1848 and was a member of the socialist government that formed at the Hotel de Ville When the socialists were included into the provisional government Louis Blanc made Albert by this time a popular figure among the workers a secretary He was sent to the Luxembourg Commission the provisional government s labor commission as Louis Blanc s vice president a position he held until the 15 May riots Albert and Blanc were two of the six members of the Luxembourg Commission to be elected in the April elections The socialists who through the Luxembourg Commission ran a virtual state within a state clashed with the Assembly Blanc s proposal for a fully fledged ministry of labor in keeping with his ideal for national workshops was rejected on 10 May By this time Albert had lost faith in the provisional government and together with Louis Auguste Blanqui and Armand Barbes attempted an insurrection of his own On 15 May they led a crowd demonstrating against the government the riot was bloodily suppressed by the bourgeois National Guards and Albert and Barbes were captured at the Hotel de Ville Trial prison and later life editAlbert did not defend himself at the subsequent trial at Bourges in 1849 He was thus found guilty of treason and an attempt to incite revolution and sent to prison on Belle Ile for four years When he became ill in 1854 he was transferred to Tours where he remained until he was released by the general amnesty of 16 August 1859 He returned to Paris as a working man taking a job for the gas company In 1870 during the Franco Prussian War became a member of the Commission des Barricades in the Government of National Defense and stood for election twice in the Third Republic but lost both attempts He retired to Mello in his home departement of Oise Upon his death in 1895 he was given a national funeral and his tombstone was given by the government 2 See also editFrench demonstration of 15 May 1848References edit a b Albert l Ouvrier French politician Encyclopaedia Britannica Retrieved 9 June 2016 a b c Albert Alexandre Martin ohio edu Retrieved 9 June 2016 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alexandre Martin Encyclopedia of 1848 Revolutions entry on Albert l Ouvrier International Institute of Social History entry Official biography by the French government brief Encyclopaedia Britannica article Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Alexandre Martin amp oldid 1010010315, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
