Alexai Point Army Airfield
Alexai Point Army Airfield is an abandoned World War II airfield with two runways laid across Alexai Point on Attu Island, Alaska. The remains of the Seabee built airbase are located about 4 miles east of the closed Casco Cove Coast Guard Station, directly across Massacre Bay.
| Alexai Point Army Airfield | |
|---|---|
| Part of Eleventh Air Force | |
| Attu Island, Alaska | |
Alexai Point AAF | |
| Coordinates | 52°48′51″N 173°17′51″E / 52.81417°N 173.29750°E |
| Type | Military Airfield |
| Site information | |
| Controlled by | United States Army Air Forces |
| Condition | Abandoned |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1943 |
| In use | 1943-1946 |
| Battles/wars | Aleutian Islands Campaign |
History edit
On the morning of 11 May 1943, American forces went ashore on Japanese-occupied Attu in the Aleutian Islands. The Japanese, who knew the Americans were coming, had pulled back from their shoreline positions and moved to defensive positions on higher ground above the fog.[1]
On 30 May 1943, before the battle for Attu was completely over, the building of Alexai Point Airfield was initiated using Marsden Matting to pave the runways.[2] Navy Seabees also began construction of an airfield at Casco Cove for Naval Air units. Also, on 28 May, a small detachment of Alaskan Scouts began reconnaissance of Shemya, a small, flat, uninhabited island 35 miles to the east of Attu. The following day, Army Engineers came ashore on Shemya to begin construction of another, much longer runway suitable for bombers.[1]
The first landing at Alexai Point Airfield was made by an Eleventh Air Force C-47 arriving on 8 June 1943 to deliver fighter crews to Alexai Point, and to evacuate wounded soldiers.[3] Shortly afterwards, P-40 Warhawks from the 344th Fighter Squadron arrived to provide air cover over the island.[1]
USAAF units assigned to Alexai Point Army Airfield were:
- 18th Fighter Squadron, March 28, 1944 – November 6, 1945 (P-38 Lightning)
- 54th Fighter Squadron, November 20, 1943- March 8, 1946 (P-38 Lightning)
- 344th Fighter Squadron, June 12 - December 1943 (P-40 Warhawk)
- 77th Bombardment Squadron, July–September 1943; Feb 11, 1944-October 19, 1945 (B-25 Mitchell, B-26 Marauder)
Initially used for carrying out bombardment operations over Kiska Island during June and July 1943, Alexai Point and the new Shemya Army Airfield became forward bases for operations against the Kurile Islands of northern Japan, after the end of the Aleutian Islands Campaign in late August. Alexai Point became home of very long-range (VLR) P-38 Lightning squadrons, providing fighter escort for B-24 Liberators bombers based at Shemya.[1] By mid-July fighters from Alexai Point Airfield had made their first strike against Japan, a raid against the northern Kuril Islands.[2]
With the end of the war in 1945, combat units were gradually withdrawn; the 11th Weather Squadron and the 713th Air Warning Radar Squadron remained until June 1946 when the base was closed. The facility was abandoned, with most structures dismantled, the usable buildings being reassembled at Naval Air Station Attu.[1][4]
Today many revetments, roads, anti-aircraft gun emplacements and the remains of the runways and taxiways remain, abandoned for almost seventy years.
Accidents and incidents edit
On January 1, 1945, 2nd Lt. Robert L. Nesmith flying from Alexai Point, crashed his Lockheed P-38G-10-LO Lightning in Temnac Valley, just west of Attu Station while on a low-level training mission over Attu. The aircraft was nominated to be added to the National Register of Historic Places but instead was recovered in 1999 and static-restored for display at Elmendorf AFB.[5]
See also edit
References edit
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency.
- ^ a b c d e Chloe, John Hale, (1984), Top Cover for America. the Air Force in Alaska. 1920–1983, Pictorial Histories Publishing Company, ISBN 0-933126-47-6
- ^ a b Conn, Stetson, Rose C. Engelman, and Byron Fairchild. Guarding the United States and Its Outposts. New York: University Press Of The Pacific, 2002. Print.
- ^ Carter, Kit C., Mueller, Robert. "U.S. Army Air Forces in World War II Combat Chronology: 1941-1945." Center for Air Force History. Washington, DC. 1991 < (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-01-21. Retrieved 2015-04-06.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)> - ^ AFHRA History search Alexai Point
- ^ "Pacific Wrecks - P-38G-10-LO Lightning Serial Number 42-13400 Nose 95." PACIFIC WRECKS. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 July 2010. <http://www.pacificwrecks.com/aircraft/p-38/42-13400.html>.
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-405-12194-6. LCCN 70605402. OCLC 72556.
- Maurer, Maurer (1983). Air Force Combat Units Of World War II. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-89201-092-4.
External links edit
- Image of a sign "Welcome to Alexai Point, Unincorporated, The Home of the Army's Northwestern-Most Airfield."
- Image of a sign "Good Bye You Are Now Leaving Alexai Point Hurry Back."
- Photos taken during 1944 at Alexai Point.