Al-Hidayah fi Sharh Bidayat al-Mubtadi (d. 593 AH/1197 CE) (Arabic: الهداية في شرح بداية المبتدي, al-Hidāyah fī Sharḥ Bidāyat al-Mubtadī), commonly referred to as al-Hidayah (lit. "the guidance", also spelled Hedaya[1]), is a 12th-century legal manual by Burhan al-Din al-Marghinani, which is considered to be one of the most influential compendium of Hanafi jurisprudence (fiqh).[2][3] It has been subject of numerous commentaries.[2] The book played a key role in the development and amalgamation of Islamic and British law known as Anglo-Muhammadan law.[4]
The author, Shaykh al-Islam Burhan al-Din al-Farghani al-Marghinani (d.593AH/1197CE), was considered to be one of the most esteemed jurists of the Hanafite school.[4] Al-Hidayah is a concise commentary on al-Marghinani's own compendium al-Bidayat al-mubtadi, which was in turn based on Mukhtasar by al-Quduri and al-Shaybani's al-Jami‘ al-saghir.[5][6] The significance of al-Hidayah in the Hanafite school lay not in its intrinsic virtues, but in its role as an authoritative and convenient basis for further commentaries.[4] Thus, it constituted not a statement of the law in itself, but rather an interpretative framework for elaboration of jurisprudence in different times and places.[4]
During the era of British colonial rule in South Asia, al-Hidayah played a central role in the development of the amalgam of Islamic and British law known as Anglo-Muhammadan law.[4] Since the Hanafite school was predominant on the Indian sub-continent, the book was influential there as a substrate for commentaries, and — supplemented by professorial exposition — as a textbook for law colleges (madrasas).[4][7] In the late 18th century, William Jones commissioned its translation into Persian, and this version was used by Charles Hamilton to produce an English translation.[4] The translation enabled British colonial judges to adjudicate in the name of sharia, which amounted to an unprecedented codification of Hanafi law, severed from its Arabic-language interpretative tradition.[4] This served to accomplish two goals, which had been long pursued by the British in India: firstly, it limited the judicial discretion of the qadis and the influence of muftis in the sharia system, reducing their earlier role as "middlemen" between the Islamic legal tradition and the colonial administration; and, secondly, it replaced the interpretative mechanisms of fiqh by those of English law.[4]
Translationsedit
Persianedit
Al-Hidaya was translated into Persian in 1776 by a group of Muslim scholars in Bengal, India. The translation was commissioned by Charles Hamilton, which he used to translate it later into English. The Persian translation was re-published twice in India, once in Calcutta and later in 1874 in Lucknow.
Englishedit
Charles Hamilton's 1791 translation into English, which was made from a Persian translation rather than from the original Arabic text.[4]
A new English translation of the original Arabic text by Dr Imran Ahsan Khan Nyazee, translated from its original Arabic text with introduction, commentary and notes was published in 2006, focusing on the ritual and family law sections which amounted to about 40% of the original work.[8] A further two volumes were published by the same translator in 2016 and 2023 respectively, translating the rest of the Arabic text that was excluded in the first volume.[9][10]
Urduedit
1896 - Translation and commentary by Maulana Sayyid Amir Ali, entitled Ainul-Hidayah and published in Lucknow.[11] An edited and expanded edition was produced by Maulana Anwarul-Haq Qasmi, published in 2003 as Ainul-Hidayah Jadid.[12]
1984 - Translation and commentary by Maulana Jamil Ahmad Qasmi Sakrodhawi, entitled Ashraful-Hidayah.[13]
2004 - Translation and commentary by Maulana Abdul-Halim Qasmi Bastawi, entitled Ahsanul-Hidayah.[14]
2008 - Translation and commentary by Maulana Samiruddin Qasmi, entitled Asmarul-Hidayah.[15]
2014 - Hüsamettin Vanlıoğlu, Abdullah Hiçdönmez, Fatih Kalender, and Emin Ali Yüksel.
Referencesedit
^Charles Hamilton (trans.) The Hedaya: Commentary on the Islamic Laws (Delhi) 1994 (2nd Edition 1870)
^ abJohn L. Esposito, ed. (2014). "Marghinani, Ali ibn Abu Bakr al-". The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN978-0-19-512558-0.
^Dr Imran Ahsan Khan Nyazee (trans.) Al-Hidayah: A classical manual of Hanafi Law Laws (Bristol) 2006
^ abcdefghijWael B. Hallaq (2009). Sharī'a: Theory, Practice, Transformations. Cambridge University Press (Kindle edition). pp. 374–376.
^W. Heffening. Encyclopedia of Islam, Brill, 2nd ed. "al-Marghinani", vol. 6, p. 558.
^Knut S. Vikør: Between God and the Sultan': A History of Islamic Law. 2005, p.162, note.45
^Robert W. Hefner; Muhammad Qasim Zaman: Schooling Islam, 2007, S.63 f.: „has served for centuries […] the cornerstone of legal studies in South Asian madrasas“.
^Outpost Commentary: Burhan al-Din al-Farghani Al-Marghinani, Dr Imran Ahsan Khan Nyazee, Al-Hiddayah, The Guidance (Bristol: Amal Press, 2006)
^ abYaran, Rahmi (1998–1999). "Hidaye Tercümeleri". M. Ü. İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (16–17): 173–193.
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April 11, 2024
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This article is about a work of Islamic jurisprudence For the UK youth organisation see Al Hidayah organisation For other uses see Hidayah disambiguation Al Hidayah fi Sharh Bidayat al Mubtadi d 593 AH 1197 CE Arabic الهداية في شرح بداية المبتدي al Hidayah fi Sharḥ Bidayat al Mubtadi commonly referred to as al Hidayah lit the guidance also spelled Hedaya 1 is a 12th century legal manual by Burhan al Din al Marghinani which is considered to be one of the most influential compendium of Hanafi jurisprudence fiqh 2 3 It has been subject of numerous commentaries 2 The book played a key role in the development and amalgamation of Islamic and British law known as Anglo Muhammadan law 4 Contents 1 History and significance 2 Translations 2 1 Persian 2 2 English 2 3 Urdu 2 4 Turkish 3 ReferencesHistory and significance editThe author Shaykh al Islam Burhan al Din al Farghani al Marghinani d 593AH 1197CE was considered to be one of the most esteemed jurists of the Hanafite school 4 Al Hidayah is a concise commentary on al Marghinani s own compendium al Bidayat al mubtadi which was in turn based on Mukhtasar by al Quduri and al Shaybani s al Jami al saghir 5 6 The significance of al Hidayah in the Hanafite school lay not in its intrinsic virtues but in its role as an authoritative and convenient basis for further commentaries 4 Thus it constituted not a statement of the law in itself but rather an interpretative framework for elaboration of jurisprudence in different times and places 4 During the era of British colonial rule in South Asia al Hidayah played a central role in the development of the amalgam of Islamic and British law known as Anglo Muhammadan law 4 Since the Hanafite school was predominant on the Indian sub continent the book was influential there as a substrate for commentaries and supplemented by professorial exposition as a textbook for law colleges madrasas 4 7 In the late 18th century William Jones commissioned its translation into Persian and this version was used by Charles Hamilton to produce an English translation 4 The translation enabled British colonial judges to adjudicate in the name of sharia which amounted to an unprecedented codification of Hanafi law severed from its Arabic language interpretative tradition 4 This served to accomplish two goals which had been long pursued by the British in India firstly it limited the judicial discretion of the qadis and the influence of muftis in the sharia system reducing their earlier role as middlemen between the Islamic legal tradition and the colonial administration and secondly it replaced the interpretative mechanisms of fiqh by those of English law 4 Translations editPersian edit Al Hidaya was translated into Persian in 1776 by a group of Muslim scholars in Bengal India The translation was commissioned by Charles Hamilton which he used to translate it later into English The Persian translation was re published twice in India once in Calcutta and later in 1874 in Lucknow English edit Charles Hamilton s 1791 translation into English which was made from a Persian translation rather than from the original Arabic text 4 A new English translation of the original Arabic text by Dr Imran Ahsan Khan Nyazee translated from its original Arabic text with introduction commentary and notes was published in 2006 focusing on the ritual and family law sections which amounted to about 40 of the original work 8 A further two volumes were published by the same translator in 2016 and 2023 respectively translating the rest of the Arabic text that was excluded in the first volume 9 10 Urdu edit 1896 Translation and commentary by Maulana Sayyid Amir Ali entitled Ainul Hidayah and published in Lucknow 11 An edited and expanded edition was produced by Maulana Anwarul Haq Qasmi published in 2003 as Ainul Hidayah Jadid 12 1984 Translation and commentary by Maulana Jamil Ahmad Qasmi Sakrodhawi entitled Ashraful Hidayah 13 2004 Translation and commentary by Maulana Abdul Halim Qasmi Bastawi entitled Ahsanul Hidayah 14 2008 Translation and commentary by Maulana Samiruddin Qasmi entitled Asmarul Hidayah 15 Turkish edit 1982 Hasan Ege 16 1990 Ahmet Meylani 16 2014 Husamettin Vanlioglu Abdullah Hicdonmez Fatih Kalender and Emin Ali Yuksel References edit Charles Hamilton trans The Hedaya Commentary on the Islamic Laws Delhi 1994 2nd Edition 1870 a b John L Esposito ed 2014 Marghinani Ali ibn Abu Bakr al The Oxford Dictionary of Islam Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 512558 0 Dr Imran Ahsan Khan Nyazee trans Al Hidayah A classical manual of Hanafi Law Laws Bristol 2006 a b c d e f g h i j Wael B Hallaq 2009 Shari a Theory Practice Transformations Cambridge University Press Kindle edition pp 374 376 W Heffening Encyclopedia of Islam Brill 2nd ed al Marghinani vol 6 p 558 Knut S Vikor Between God and the Sultan A History of Islamic Law 2005 p 162 note 45 Robert W Hefner Muhammad Qasim Zaman Schooling Islam 2007 S 63 f has served for centuries the cornerstone of legal studies in South Asian madrasas Outpost Commentary Burhan al Din al Farghani Al Marghinani Dr Imran Ahsan Khan Nyazee Al Hiddayah The Guidance Bristol Amal Press 2006 al Marghinani B al Din al Farghani 2016 Al Hidayah The Guidance 2 In I A K Nyazee Trans Amazon 2 edition CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform https www amazon com au Guidance Burhan Al Din Al Farghani Al Marghinani dp 1541181212 al Marghinani B al Din al Farghani 2023 Al Hidayah The Guidance In I A K Nyazee Trans Amazon Independently published https www amazon com en Burhan al Din al Farghani al Marghinani dp B0BW31GJ9B Sayyid Amir Ali n d Ainul Hidayah عین الہدایہ Lucknow Munshi Newal Kishore Sayyid Amir Ali Anwarul Haq Qasimi 2003 Ainul Hidayah Jadid عین الہدایہ جدید Karachi Darul Isha at Jamil Aḥmad Sakroḍhawi 2006 1984 Ashraful Hidayah اشرف الہدایہ Karachi Darul Isha at Abdul Ḥalim Qasimi Bastawi n d 2004 Aḥsanul Hidayah احسن الہدایہ Lahore Maktabah yi Raḥmaniyah S amiruddin Qasimi 2008 As marul Hidayah اثمار الہدایہ a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link CS1 maint numeric names authors list link a b Yaran Rahmi 1998 1999 Hidaye Tercumeleri M U Ilahiyat Fakultesi Dergisi 16 17 173 193 nbsp Wikiquote has quotations related to Al Hidayah Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Al Hidayah amp oldid 1216344041, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
