Airy-0 is a crater inside the larger Airy Crater on Mars, whose location defined the position of the prime meridian of that planet. It is about 0.5 km (0.3 mile) across and lies within the dark region Sinus Meridiani, one of the early albedo features to be identified on Mars. In 2018, the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements recommended setting the longitude of the Viking 1 lander (47.95137° west) as the reference line.[a] This definition maintains the position of the center of Airy-0 at 0° longitude, within the tolerance of current cartographic uncertainties.[1]
Merton Davies tied this crater into an extensive geodetic control network of the planet Mars based on Mariner 9 and earlier photographs.[2][3] The Mariner 9 Geodesy/Cartography Group proposed that the prime meridian of Mars be defined by the center of Airy-0, which was selected by Harold Masursky, Gerard de Vaucouleurs, and Merton Davies at a Group meeting on 14 August 1972.[4]
It was named in honor of the British Astronomer Royal Sir George Biddell Airy (1801–1892), who in 1850 built the transit circle telescope at Greenwich. The location of that telescope was subsequently chosen to define the location of Earth's prime meridian.
Annotated elevation map of Opportunity landing site and some surrounding craters including Endeavour and Airy. The prime meridian is the right-hand edge of the coloured part of this image, Airy-o is just below 5°S.
Notesedit
^In other words, the Martian Prime Meridian (0° longitude) is defined to be 47.95137° east of the Viking 1 lander site's meridian. The effect of the decision was to make more precise the location of the prime meridian within the 500 meter span of Airy-0.
Referencesedit
^Archinal, B.A.; Acton, C.H.; A'Hearn, M.F.; Conrad, A.; et al. (2018), "Report of the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements: 2015", Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy, 130 (22): 22, Bibcode:2018CeMDA.130...22A, doi:10.1007/s10569-017-9805-5, S2CID 189844155, The origin of the longitude system for Mars is now defined by assigning a longitude of 47.95137° west to the Viking 1 lander.... The longitude uncertainty within which landed resources can be determined by radiometric tracking is now ... significantly smaller than the uncertainty of determining the center of the ~500 m diameter Airy-0, the time has come to transition the orientation of the longitude system from being based on Airy-0 to the much smaller Viking 1 lander, for which there are extensive radiometric tracking data.
^"The Martian Prime Meridian -- Longitude "Zero"" (MGS MOC Release No. MOC2-273). Malin Space Science Systems. 31 January 2001. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
^Morton, Oliver (2002). Mapping Mars: Science, Imagination, and the Birth of a World. New York: Picador USA. pp. 22–23. ISBN0-312-24551-3.
^de Vaucouleurs, Gerard; Davies, Merton E.; Sturms, Francis M. Jr. (1973), "Mariner 9 Areographic Coordinate System", Journal of Geophysical Research, 78 (20): 4395–4404, Bibcode:1973JGR....78.4395D, doi:10.1029/JB078i020p04395
External linksedit
View of Airy-0 at Google Mars
T. C. Duxbury; P. Christensen; D. E. Smith; G. A. Neumann; R. L. Kirk; M. A. Caplinger; A. A. Albee; N. V. Seregina; G. Neukum; B. A. Archinal (December 2014). "The location of Airy-0, the Mars prime meridian reference, from stereo photogrammetric processing of THEMIS IR imaging and digital elevation data". Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets. 119 (12): 2471–2486. Bibcode:2014JGRE..119.2471D. doi:10.1002/2014JE004678. S2CID 44052047.
airy, crater, inside, larger, airy, crater, mars, whose, location, defined, position, prime, meridian, that, planet, about, mile, across, lies, within, dark, region, sinus, meridiani, early, albedo, features, identified, mars, 2018, working, group, cartographi. Airy 0 is a crater inside the larger Airy Crater on Mars whose location defined the position of the prime meridian of that planet It is about 0 5 km 0 3 mile across and lies within the dark region Sinus Meridiani one of the early albedo features to be identified on Mars In 2018 the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements recommended setting the longitude of the Viking 1 lander 47 95137 west as the reference line a This definition maintains the position of the center of Airy 0 at 0 longitude within the tolerance of current cartographic uncertainties 1 Airy 0Airy 0 Crater from MRO also from A to C Mariner 9 Viking 1 and Mars Global Surveyor Airy 0 is the larger crater in top center of each frame PlanetMarsRegionInside Airy CraterCoordinates5 06 S 0 00 E 5 1 S 0 E 5 1 0QuadrangleSinus SabaeusDiameter0 5 kilometres 0 31 mi EponymSir George Biddell AiryMerton Davies tied this crater into an extensive geodetic control network of the planet Mars based on Mariner 9 and earlier photographs 2 3 The Mariner 9 Geodesy Cartography Group proposed that the prime meridian of Mars be defined by the center of Airy 0 which was selected by Harold Masursky Gerard de Vaucouleurs and Merton Davies at a Group meeting on 14 August 1972 4 It was named in honor of the British Astronomer Royal Sir George Biddell Airy 1801 1892 who in 1850 built the transit circle telescope at Greenwich The location of that telescope was subsequently chosen to define the location of Earth s prime meridian Annotated elevation map of Opportunity landing site and some surrounding craters including Endeavour and Airy The prime meridian is the right hand edge of the coloured part of this image Airy o is just below 5 S Notes edit In other words the Martian Prime Meridian 0 longitude is defined to be 47 95137 east of the Viking 1 lander site s meridian The effect of the decision was to make more precise the location of the prime meridian within the 500 meter span of Airy 0 References edit Archinal B A Acton C H A Hearn M F Conrad A et al 2018 Report of the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements 2015 Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy 130 22 22 Bibcode 2018CeMDA 130 22A doi 10 1007 s10569 017 9805 5 S2CID 189844155 The origin of the longitude system for Mars is now defined by assigning a longitude of 47 95137 west to the Viking 1 lander The longitude uncertainty within which landed resources can be determined by radiometric tracking is now significantly smaller than the uncertainty of determining the center of the 500 m diameter Airy 0 the time has come to transition the orientation of the longitude system from being based on Airy 0 to the much smaller Viking 1 lander for which there are extensive radiometric tracking data The Martian Prime Meridian Longitude Zero MGS MOC Release No MOC2 273 Malin Space Science Systems 31 January 2001 Retrieved 31 March 2018 Morton Oliver 2002 Mapping Mars Science Imagination and the Birth of a World New York Picador USA pp 22 23 ISBN 0 312 24551 3 de Vaucouleurs Gerard Davies Merton E Sturms Francis M Jr 1973 Mariner 9 Areographic Coordinate System Journal of Geophysical Research 78 20 4395 4404 Bibcode 1973JGR 78 4395D doi 10 1029 JB078i020p04395External links editView of Airy 0 at Google Mars T C Duxbury P Christensen D E Smith G A Neumann R L Kirk M A Caplinger A A Albee N V Seregina G Neukum B A Archinal December 2014 The location of Airy 0 the Mars prime meridian reference from stereo photogrammetric processing of THEMIS IR imaging and digital elevation data Journal of Geophysical Research Planets 119 12 2471 2486 Bibcode 2014JGRE 119 2471D doi 10 1002 2014JE004678 S2CID 44052047 Portal nbsp Solar System Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Airy 0 amp oldid 1176173239, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
