Ahwash

Aḥwash (Neo-Tifinagh: ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ, IPA /æħwæʃ/, also Romanized as ahwach or ahouach) is a Shilha style of collective performance, including dance, singing, poetry and percussion, from southern Morocco. The ahwash is performed on the occasion of local festivals as a celebration of the community.

Aḥwash ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ
Musicians playing ahwash in Tajelt
Stylistic origins	Berber music
Cultural origins	Southern Morocco
Typical instruments	drums
Subgenres
Taskiwin, Ahwash n tferkhin, Leammt
Regional scenes
Morocco- Ouarzazate - Sous - High Atlas

Description

The ahwash is usually performed by two large groups of people, typically men and women on opposite sides, who alternate their performances of song, dance, poetry, and drumming on frame drums. The ahwash is rarely performed outside of individual villages, because of the difficulty of transporting the large number of participants (often more than twenty, and sometimes 150 or more). As a result, the ahwash has developed somewhat independently among different villages, and the details of the performances differ.^[1]

Etymology

• Ahwach is one of the Amazigh arts of singing and collective performance dance in Morocco.
• The word "Haouch" in Tachelhit means singing, and the term "Ahwach" is used to refer to all forms of collective dance among the Amazigh tribes in the Atlas Mountains regions^[2]

Cultural Significance

Ahwach is a fundamental element of Amazigh identity and plays a crucial role in preserving Amazigh culture and traditions. This tradition is transmitted orally and through practice, from generation to generation.

It can celebrate important events such as weddings, births, and harvests, or serve as a means of communication and social expression. The trance and ecstasy experienced during the dance allow participants to connect with their spirituality and community.

In a purely oral Amazigh culture, Ahwach represents a way of expressing and transmitting the experiences of both the individual and the tribe as a whole. Rich in connotations specific to its culture, this artistic tradition brings to life the ancient times of Amazigh communities.^[3]

History

Ahwash may have come from Telouet ^{[citation needed]}, though historians have struggled to conclusively determine its origins, because of the lack of written history. Some believe the dance migrated along with the tribes and villages in the area.^[4] The dance is now found throughout the High Atlas and Sous regions.^[1]

Religion and spirituality

The ahwash is recognized by many Moroccans to involve some pre-Islamic components of traditional Berber religion. While the poetry may make reference to Islamic traditions, the communal form of dancing and singing, involving members of the community of both sexes, stands in contrast to conservative Islamic views. In most places, an ahwash is performed in front of a saint's tomb during religious holidays, called moussem. In some instances, it is disallowed for fear of offending the saint, or for fear of the combination of the saint's power and the power of the ahwash. Very religious Moroccans may choose not to take part in the ahwash, because they believe the devil is a part of the performance.^[1]

The celebration of an ahwash is both an important communal and spiritual practice, sometimes leading to a supernatural experience; there are many stories from southern Moroccan villages of performers who are clairvoyant.^[1]

Gallery

•  
  From Telouet
•  
  From Assa.
•  
  From Tamanaret
•  
  From Aoulouz.
•  
  From Tafraout.
•  
  From Ouarzazate.
•  
  From Mirleft
•  
  From Tiznit.
•  
  From Agdez.
•  
  From Ait Baamrane.
•  
  From Kelaat Mgouna.
•  
  From Agred Tamanaret (berberized Haratin ethnical group called issuqin)

References

1. Schuyler, Philip D. (1979-01-01). "Rwais and Ahwash: Opposing tendencies in Moroccan Berber Music and Society". The World of Music. 21 (1): 65–80. JSTOR 43560588.
2. أسباعى, محمد (2020). "عادات وتقاليد المجتمع التواتي من خلال فتاوى الشيخ مولاي أحمد الطاهري". مجلة الباحث في العلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية: 435. doi:10.35156/1869-012-002-033. S2CID 235061475.
3. "Ahwach, la tradition amazighe du Maroc".
4. Boudraa, Nabil; Krause, Joseph (2009-03-26). North African Mosaic: A Cultural Reappraisal of Ethnic and Religious Minorities. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. ISBN 9781443807685.