Agaricus moelleri, commonly known as the flat-top agaricus,[1]inky mushroom,[2] or dark scaled mushroom,[3] is a large mushroom of the genus Agaricus.[3] It appears occasionally in most kinds of woodland, during late summer, in northern temperate zones.
For many years Agaricus moelleri was erroneously accredited with the binomial Agaricus placomyces by some British authors. The epithetplacomyces was in fact given to a North American species of Agaricus by Charles Horton Peck in 1878 (now known as Agaricus praeclaresquamosus A.E.Freeman 1979).[4] The current binomial Agaricus moelleri was published in 1976 by the Ukrainian mycologist Solomon P. Wasser.[5]
Descriptionedit
The cap has a greyish-brown patch in the centre and cold grey-brown scaling on the surrounding off-white background. It is 5 to 9 centimetres (2 to 3+1⁄2 in) in diameter, and yellows when bruised. It is ovate when young, flattening later.[2] The stem has a drooping ring, and stains yellow very easily when bruised, this colour then changes to brown over time. The stem flesh bruises yellow only faintly, and is more noticeable in the base. The gills are crowded, and free, as is typical for an Agaricus. They are pink on young specimens, but brown to black on older fruit bodies. The flesh is white and does not change colour on cutting. It is noted by some authors as smelling like ink, iodoform, sweat, or mouldy straw. The spores are 4–6 x 3–4 µm, and are elliptical. The odour resembles phenol.[6]
A similar species occurring in North America, Agaricus praeclaresquamosus A.E. Freeman 1979, has several variants, some of which are larger.[7]
The rare Agaricus phaeolepidotus also has the iodoform, or ink smell, but has browner cap scales, and stains yellow less readily.[3]
Distribution and habitatedit
Agaricus moelleri is found in the temperate zones of the northern hemisphere. North America, Asia[8] Britain, and Europe, growing in mixed forests and woods. It is widespread, but can be locally rare, and favors rich alkaline woodland, or parkland.[3]
Toxicityedit
In the same fashion as the yellow stainer (Agaricus xanthodermus), Agaricus moelleri can produce gastrointestinal symptoms for some people but not others, when ingested.[3] It is considered toxic.[6]
^. 2011-07-20. Archived from the original on 2011-07-20. Retrieved 2021-10-13.
^Wasser SP. (1976). "Species nova e genere Agaricus L. ex Fr. emnd. Karst". Novosti Sistematiki Nizshikh Rastenii. 13: 77–9.
^ abcTrudell, Steve; Ammirati, Joe (2009). Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest. Timber Press Field Guides. Portland, OR: Timber Press. pp. 190–191. ISBN978-0-88192-935-5.
^David Arora (1986). Mushrooms Demystified. Ten Speed Press. ISBN0-89815-169-4.
^Asef M.R. (2020). Field guide of Mushrooms of Iran. Tehran: Iran-Shanasi Press. p. 360. ISBN9786008351429.
External linksedit
English Country Garden
April 13, 2024
agaricus, moelleri, commonly, known, flat, agaricus, inky, mushroom, dark, scaled, mushroom, large, mushroom, genus, agaricus, appears, occasionally, most, kinds, woodland, during, late, summer, northern, temperate, zones, scientific, classificationdomain, euk. Agaricus moelleri commonly known as the flat top agaricus 1 inky mushroom 2 or dark scaled mushroom 3 is a large mushroom of the genus Agaricus 3 It appears occasionally in most kinds of woodland during late summer in northern temperate zones Agaricus moelleriScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom FungiDivision BasidiomycotaClass AgaricomycetesOrder AgaricalesFamily AgaricaceaeGenus AgaricusSpecies A moelleriBinomial nameAgaricus moelleriWasser 1976 SynonymsAgaricus placomyces Peck 1878 Agaricus meleagris Imbach 1946 Agaricus praeclaresquamosus Freeman 1979 Agaricus moelleriMycological characteristicsGills on hymeniumCap is flatHymenium is freeStipe has a ringSpore print is brownEcology is saprotrophicEdibility is poisonous Contents 1 Taxonomy 2 Description 3 Distribution and habitat 4 Toxicity 5 Similar species 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksTaxonomy editFor many years Agaricus moelleri was erroneously accredited with the binomial Agaricus placomyces by some British authors The epithet placomyces was in fact given to a North American species of Agaricus by Charles Horton Peck in 1878 now known as Agaricus praeclaresquamosus A E Freeman 1979 4 The current binomial Agaricus moelleri was published in 1976 by the Ukrainian mycologist Solomon P Wasser 5 Description editThe cap has a greyish brown patch in the centre and cold grey brown scaling on the surrounding off white background It is 5 to 9 centimetres 2 to 3 1 2 in in diameter and yellows when bruised It is ovate when young flattening later 2 The stem has a drooping ring and stains yellow very easily when bruised this colour then changes to brown over time The stem flesh bruises yellow only faintly and is more noticeable in the base The gills are crowded and free as is typical for an Agaricus They are pink on young specimens but brown to black on older fruit bodies The flesh is white and does not change colour on cutting It is noted by some authors as smelling like ink iodoform sweat or mouldy straw The spores are 4 6 x 3 4 µm and are elliptical The odour resembles phenol 6 A similar species occurring in North America Agaricus praeclaresquamosus A E Freeman 1979 has several variants some of which are larger 7 The rare Agaricus phaeolepidotus also has the iodoform or ink smell but has browner cap scales and stains yellow less readily 3 Distribution and habitat editAgaricus moelleri is found in the temperate zones of the northern hemisphere North America Asia 8 Britain and Europe growing in mixed forests and woods It is widespread but can be locally rare and favors rich alkaline woodland or parkland 3 Toxicity editIn the same fashion as the yellow stainer Agaricus xanthodermus Agaricus moelleri can produce gastrointestinal symptoms for some people but not others when ingested 3 It is considered toxic 6 Similar species editAgaricus hondensis is similar with a pinkish tint and firmer flesh 6 See also editList of Agaricus speciesReferences edit Arora David 1986 Mushrooms demystified a comprehensive guide to the fleshy fungi Second ed Berkeley Ten Speed Press ISBN 978 0 89815 169 5 a b Roger Phillips 2006 Mushrooms Pan MacMillan ISBN 0 330 44237 6 a b c d e Thomas Laessoe 1998 Mushrooms flexi bound Dorling Kindersley ISBN 0 7513 1070 0 Basidiomycota Checklist Online Species Page 2011 07 20 Archived from the original on 2011 07 20 Retrieved 2021 10 13 Wasser SP 1976 Species nova e genere Agaricus L ex Fr emnd Karst Novosti Sistematiki Nizshikh Rastenii 13 77 9 a b c Trudell Steve Ammirati Joe 2009 Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest Timber Press Field Guides Portland OR Timber Press pp 190 191 ISBN 978 0 88192 935 5 David Arora 1986 Mushrooms Demystified Ten Speed Press ISBN 0 89815 169 4 Asef M R 2020 Field guide of Mushrooms of Iran Tehran Iran Shanasi Press p 360 ISBN 9786008351429 External links editEnglish Country Garden Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Agaricus moelleri amp oldid 1195463506, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
