In 1843 he published the correct derivation of the Navier–Stokes equations for a viscous flow[2] and was the first to "properly identify the coefficient of viscosity and its role as a multiplying factor for the velocity gradients in the flow". Even though he published before Stokes, the equations do not bear his name.
Barré de Saint-Venant developed a version of vector calculus similar to that of Grassmann (now understood as exterior differential forms) which he published in 1845.[3] A dispute arose between Saint-Venant and Grassmann over priority for this invention. Grassmann had published his results in 1844, but Barré de Saint-Venant claimed he had developed the method in 1832.
Barré de Saint-Venant was born at the château de Fortoiseau, Villiers-en-Bière, Seine-et-Marne, France. His mother was Marie-Thérèse Josèphe Laborie (born Saint-Domingue, 1769). His father was Jean Barré de Saint-Venant, (1737–1810), a colonial officer of the Isle of Saint-Domingue (later Haiti). Barré de Saint-Venant would follow in his father's footsteps in science, entering the École Polytechnique, in 1813 at sixteen years old, and studying under Gay-Lussac.[4] Graduating in 1816 he worked for the next 27 years as an engineer, initially his passion for chemistry led him a post as a élève-commissaire (student commissioner) for the Service des Poudres et Salpêtres (Powders and Saltpeter Service) and then as a civil engineer at the Corps des Ponts et Chaussées. He married in 1837, Rohaut Fleury from Paris. Following a disagreement on an issue of road with the Municipal Administration of Paris, he was suddenly retired as "Chief Engineer, second class", on 1 April 1848. In 1850 Saint-Venant won a contest to be appointed the chair of Agricultural Engineering at the Agronomic Institute of Versailles, a post he occupied two years.[5]
In 1868, at 71 years old, he was elected to succeed Poncelet in the mechanics section of the Académie des Sciences, and continued research work for a further 18 years. He died in January 1886 at Saint-Ouen, Loir-et-Cher. Sources differ on his date of death:[4] gives 6 January whereas[5] 22 January. In 1869 he was given the title 'Count' (comte) by Pope Pius IX.
ReferencesEdit
^J Boussinesq and A Flamant, Notice sur la vie et les travaux de M de Saint-Venant, Annales des ponts et chaussées 12 (1886), 557–595.
^J D Anderson, A History of Aerodynamics (Cambridge, 1997)
^J Itard, Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970–1990)
^ abE. Sarrau, Adhémar-Jean-Claude BARRÉ de SAINT-VENANT (1797–1886), le Livre du Centenaire de l'Ecole polytechnique, 1897. [1]
October 24, 2023
adhémar, jean, claude, barré, saint, venant, french, pronunciation, ademaʁ, ʒɑ, klod, baʁe, vənɑ, august, 1797, january, 1886, mechanician, mathematician, contributed, early, stress, analysis, also, developed, unsteady, open, channel, flow, shallow, water, equ. Adhemar Jean Claude Barre de Saint Venant French pronunciation ademaʁ ʒɑ klod baʁe de sɛ venɑ 23 August 1797 6 January 1886 1 was a mechanician and mathematician who contributed to early stress analysis and also developed the unsteady open channel flow shallow water equations also known as the Saint Venant equations that are a fundamental set of equations used in modern hydraulic engineering The one dimensional Saint Venant equation is a commonly used simplification of the shallow water equations Although his full surname was Barre de Saint Venant in mathematical literature other than French he is known as Saint Venant His name is also associated with Saint Venant s principle of statically equivalent systems of load Saint Venant s theorem and for Saint Venant s compatibility condition the integrability conditions for a symmetric tensor field to be a strain Adhemar Jean Claude Barre de Saint VenantBorn 1797 08 23 23 August 1797Villiers en Biere Seine et Marne FranceDied6 January 1886 1886 01 06 aged 88 Saint Ouen Loir et Cher FranceKnown forSaint Venant equationsSaint Venant s compatibility conditionSaint Venant s principleSaint Venant s theoremSaint Venant Kirchhoff modelScientific careerFieldsMathematicsIn 1843 he published the correct derivation of the Navier Stokes equations for a viscous flow 2 and was the first to properly identify the coefficient of viscosity and its role as a multiplying factor for the velocity gradients in the flow Even though he published before Stokes the equations do not bear his name Barre de Saint Venant developed a version of vector calculus similar to that of Grassmann now understood as exterior differential forms which he published in 1845 3 A dispute arose between Saint Venant and Grassmann over priority for this invention Grassmann had published his results in 1844 but Barre de Saint Venant claimed he had developed the method in 1832 Barre de Saint Venant was born at the chateau de Fortoiseau Villiers en Biere Seine et Marne France His mother was Marie Therese Josephe Laborie born Saint Domingue 1769 His father was Jean Barre de Saint Venant 1737 1810 a colonial officer of the Isle of Saint Domingue later Haiti Barre de Saint Venant would follow in his father s footsteps in science entering the Ecole Polytechnique in 1813 at sixteen years old and studying under Gay Lussac 4 Graduating in 1816 he worked for the next 27 years as an engineer initially his passion for chemistry led him a post as a eleve commissaire student commissioner for the Service des Poudres et Salpetres Powders and Saltpeter Service and then as a civil engineer at the Corps des Ponts et Chaussees He married in 1837 Rohaut Fleury from Paris Following a disagreement on an issue of road with the Municipal Administration of Paris he was suddenly retired as Chief Engineer second class on 1 April 1848 In 1850 Saint Venant won a contest to be appointed the chair of Agricultural Engineering at the Agronomic Institute of Versailles a post he occupied two years 5 He went on to teach mathematics at the Ecole des Ponts et Chaussees National school of Civil Engineering where he succeeded Coriolis In 1868 at 71 years old he was elected to succeed Poncelet in the mechanics section of the Academie des Sciences and continued research work for a further 18 years He died in January 1886 at Saint Ouen Loir et Cher Sources differ on his date of death 4 gives 6 January whereas 5 22 January In 1869 he was given the title Count comte by Pope Pius IX References Edit J Boussinesq and A Flamant Notice sur la vie et les travaux de M de Saint Venant Annales des ponts et chaussees 12 1886 557 595 J D Anderson A History of Aerodynamics Cambridge 1997 J Itard Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography New York 1970 1990 a b O Connor John J Robertson Edmund F Adhemar Jean Claude Barre de Saint Venant MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive University of St Andrews a b E Sarrau Adhemar Jean Claude BARRE de SAINT VENANT 1797 1886 le Livre du Centenaire de l Ecole polytechnique 1897 1 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Adhemar Jean Claude Barre de Saint Venant amp oldid 1159612164, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
