A slide calculator, also known as an Addiatorafter the best-known brand, is a mechanical calculator capable of addition and subtraction, once made by Addiator Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany, Europe. Variants of it were manufactured from 1920 until 1982. Only made obsolete by the electronic variety, it was simple and cheap for the time.[citation needed]
The Addiator is composed of sheet-metal sliders inside a metal envelope, manipulated by a stylus, with an innovative carry mechanism, doing subtract ten, carry one with a simple stylus movement. Some types of Addiators can also handle negative numbers (with a complementary bottom window or by providing a subtraction mode on the back side of the device).[citation needed]
The Addiator also handles non-decimal measurements, like feet and inches, or pre-decimalization pounds, shillings, and pence. Addition and subtraction require different "screens", handled by turning the instrument over, or flipping a front panel, or, later, by extended sliders and an extra lower panel. Although not always advertised (e.g., the Magic Brain Calculator mentions "add, subtract, multiply" on its front plate), procedures exist for multiplication (by repeated addition or by individual digit multiplications) and division (e.g., by repeated subtraction, or use of additions combined with complementary numbers).[citation needed]
Sometime between 1666 and 1675, French polymath Claude Perrault invented the first slide calculator, called Abaque rhabdologique (a rabdologicalabacus), when he needed to do a lot of calculations while working as an architect.[citation needed]
About three decades later, around 1700 or shortly after, French businessman and amateur mathematician César Caze simplified Perrault's design and adapted it to counting money, getting a privilege (patent) in 1711. However, neither of these devices implemented a carry mechanism.[citation needed]
In 1845, German musician and amateur mechanic Heinrich Kummer, who was living in St. Petersburg, saw a mechanical calculator of a different design made by Hayyim Selig Slonimski, and in the next year borrowed the idea of its carry mechanism to greatly improve Caze's device, leading to the modern variant of the slide calculator.[citation needed]
In 1889, Louis-Joseph Troncet successfully commercialized the Addiator, which became one of the most popular calculators of its kind, and the name is often used to refer to the type generally.[citation needed]
Pascaline – Early mechanical calculatorPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
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'Addiator' type calculators at Vintage Calculators Web Museum
Addiator museum
Calculator museum
Addiators and many other calculators
Collection of calculating devices
Addiator at Rechnerlexikon (in German)
Addiator photos and manuals hosted at www.computercollector.com
Addiator photos
Addiator Hexadat Programmers Calculator
A catalog showing photographs of dozens of different models
December 15, 2023
slide, calculator, this, article, includes, list, references, related, reading, external, links, sources, remain, unclear, because, lacks, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations, october, 2023, learn, whe. This article includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations October 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message A slide calculator also known as an Addiator after the best known brand is a mechanical calculator capable of addition and subtraction once made by Addiator Gesellschaft Berlin Germany Europe Variants of it were manufactured from 1920 until 1982 Only made obsolete by the electronic variety it was simple and cheap for the time citation needed An Addiator Duplex featuring an addition sideAddition subtraction single windowNegative value handling in complementary windowTwo types of Addiators Contents 1 Design 2 History 3 See also 4 References 5 Bibliography 6 External linksDesign editThe Addiator is composed of sheet metal sliders inside a metal envelope manipulated by a stylus with an innovative carry mechanism doing subtract ten carry one with a simple stylus movement Some types of Addiators can also handle negative numbers with a complementary bottom window or by providing a subtraction mode on the back side of the device citation needed The Addiator also handles non decimal measurements like feet and inches or pre decimalization pounds shillings and pence Addition and subtraction require different screens handled by turning the instrument over or flipping a front panel or later by extended sliders and an extra lower panel Although not always advertised e g the Magic Brain Calculator mentions add subtract multiply on its front plate procedures exist for multiplication by repeated addition or by individual digit multiplications and division e g by repeated subtraction or use of additions combined with complementary numbers citation needed More expensive versions have a built in slide rule on the back citation needed History editSometime between 1666 and 1675 French polymath Claude Perrault invented the first slide calculator called Abaque rhabdologique a rabdological abacus when he needed to do a lot of calculations while working as an architect citation needed About three decades later around 1700 or shortly after French businessman and amateur mathematician Cesar Caze simplified Perrault s design and adapted it to counting money getting a privilege patent in 1711 However neither of these devices implemented a carry mechanism citation needed In 1845 German musician and amateur mechanic Heinrich Kummer who was living in St Petersburg saw a mechanical calculator of a different design made by Hayyim Selig Slonimski and in the next year borrowed the idea of its carry mechanism to greatly improve Caze s device leading to the modern variant of the slide calculator citation needed In 1889 Louis Joseph Troncet successfully commercialized the Addiator which became one of the most popular calculators of its kind and the name is often used to refer to the type generally citation needed See also editNapier s bones History of computing hardware From early calculation aids to modern day computers Pascaline Early mechanical calculatorPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targetsReferences editBibliography editExternal links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Addiator Addiator type calculators at Vintage Calculators Web Museum Addiator museum Calculator museum Addiators and many other calculators Collection of calculating devices Addiator at Rechnerlexikon in German Addiator photos and manuals hosted at www computercollector com Addiator photos Addiator Hexadat Programmers Calculator A catalog showing photographs of dozens of different models Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Slide calculator amp oldid 1189401628, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
