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Actes et documents du Saint Siège relatifs à la Seconde Guerre Mondiale

April 10, 2024

Actes et Documents du Saint Siège relatifs à la Seconde Guerre Mondiale (French for Acts and Documents of the Holy See related to the Second World War), often abbreviated Actes or ADSS, is an eleven-volume collection of documents from the Vatican historical archives, related to the papacy of Pope Pius XII during World War II.

The eleven volumes of the ADSS

The collection was compiled by four Jesuit priest-historians—Pierre Blet (France), Angelo Martini (Italy), Burkhart Schneider (Germany), and Robert A. Graham (United States)—authorized by Pope Paul VI in 1964, and published between 1965 and 1981.

The remainder of the documents from Pius XII's papacy were finally released almost forty years later by order of Pope Francis on March 2, 2020.[1] The completed catalog includes approximately 16 million documents from Pius XII's papacy (1939-1958), divided into approximately 700 boxes related to the Cardinal Secretary of State and the various nunciatures.[2] According to Catholic sources, "The delays were largely due to the extensive cataloguing required."[3]

Origins edit

The collection is a rare exception to the Vatican's de facto seventy-five year rule for opening its archives, published in the aftermath of the controversial play, The Deputy, by Rolf Hochhuth.[4] The collection was intended to answer critics of Pius XII, such as Hochhuth, who alleged that the Pope had turned a blind eye to Nazi atrocities against Jews.[5] In particular, the editors presented a variety of documents which they claim demonstrate how Pope Pius XII protested the persecution of and various deportations of Jews.

Organization edit

Five of the eleven volumes deal with World War II, in chronological order.[6] Four volumes deal with the humanitarian activities of the Holy See during the war, also in chronological order.[6] One covers Pope Pius XII's letters to German bishops before and during the war.[6] The last encompasses documents pertaining to Poland and Baltic countries.[6]

In the Actes, none of the documents—mostly in Italian—were translated from their original language.[4] The introductions to the volumes and the brief descriptions preceding the documents are in French.[4] Because the third volume contains two books, the ADSS are sometimes incorrectly referred to as a twelve-volume collection.[7]

Inclusions and omissions edit

The editors describe the selected documents as a representative sample of Vatican activity during World War II; the four Jesuits claimed that only size constraints prevented them from publishing the full set of documents and that no new important revelations would accompany the eventual complete publication.[4]

According to the count of Australian historian Paul O'Shea, the ADSS contains 107 references to Jews prior to December 1942, and substantially more thereafter; a variety of other studies have extensively listed the data received by the Vatican on the nature and extent of the atrocities throughout Europe, as can be confirmed by the ADSS.[8]

In his article for the Vatican newspaper, L'Osservatore Romano (April 29, 1998), Father Pierre Blet, the last surviving editor of the series, defended the integrity of the collection. "In the first place, it is not clear exactly how the omission of certain documents would help to exonerate Pius XII from the omissions alleged against him," Blet wrote.[9] "On the other hand, to say in peremptory tones that our publication is incomplete is tantamount to asserting what cannot be proved: to this end it would be necessary to compare our publication with the archives and show which documents in the archives are missing from our publication." Blet added that he and three other Jesuits "did not deliberately overlook any significant document, because we would have considered it harmful to the Pope's image and the Holy See's reputation."

The editors edit

The four Jesuit editors also wrote many articles derived from these primary sources, most of which were published in La Civiltà Cattolica, an Italian-language Jesuit journal.

Blet edit

Blet's Pius XII and the Second World War : According to the Archives of the Vatican (1999) represents his interpretation of what essential conclusions can be drawn from the eleven volume collection.[10][11][12]

Graham edit

Robert A. Graham's research did not stop with the publication of the ADSS; he continued to seek out primary sources within and without the Vatican and interview contemporaries almost until his death.[13] He retired to California, taking his considerable body of records with him; this collection was made open to the public (although rarely actually used) until his death, at which point the Vatican had all the papers returned to Rome and sealed.[13]

Translations edit

As of 2002, only one of the volumes had been translated into English.[4] In 2012, Marilyn Mallory published an English translation of some of the documents.[14]

Notes edit

  1. ^ Pentin, Edward (January 3, 2021). "Almost-Forgotten Gem of 2020: The Opening of the Pope Pius Xii Archives". National Catholic Register: 8.
  2. ^ Zenit. 2009, July 2. "".
  3. ^ "Almost-Forgotten Gem". National Catholic Register: 8. January 3, 2021.
  4. ^ a b c d e Sánchez, 2002, p. 29.
  5. ^ Marchione, Margherita. Pope Pius XII: Architect for Peace. 2000, page 201
  6. ^ a b c d Sánchez, 2002, p. 30.
  7. ^ Rittner and Roth, 2002, p. 6.
  8. ^ Phayer, 2008, p. 45.
  9. ^ Blet, Pierre. "Myth vs. Historical Fact" L'Osservatore Romano, republished at Catholic Culture
  10. ^ "Ultimo saluto a padre Pierre Blet". Amedeo Lomonaco (in Italian). 2009-12-01. Retrieved 2021-05-17.
  11. ^ "L'oro di Pio XII". archive.is. 2013-04-13. Archived from the original on 2013-04-13. Retrieved 2021-05-17.
  12. ^ "30Giorni | "Leggete il libro di padre Blet su Pio XII" (Intervista con Pierre Blet di Stefano Maria Paci)". www.30giorni.it. Retrieved 2021-05-17.
  13. ^ a b Phayer, 2008, p. xiv.
  14. ^ Mallory, Marilyn (2012). Pope Pius XII and the Jews: What's True and What's Fiction?. Kindle: Amazon.com. p. 220. ASIN B006KLOARW.

References edit

  • Blet, Pierre. 1999. Pius XII and the Second World War : According to the Archives of the Vatican. New York : Paulist Press.ISBN 0-8091-0503-9
  • Ritner, Carol and Roth, John K. (eds.). 2002. Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust. New York: Leicester University Press. ISBN 0-7185-0275-2
  • Sánchez, José M. 2002. Pius XII and the Holocaust: Understanding the Controversy. Washington D.C.: Catholic University of America Press. ISBN 0-8132-1081-X.

External links edit

  • Libreria Editrice Vaticana
  • All eleven volumes available on the Vatican web site (PDF scan)

April 10, 2024
actes, documents, saint, siège, relatifs, seconde, guerre, mondiale, actes, documents, saint, siège, relatifs, seconde, guerre, mondiale, french, acts, documents, holy, related, second, world, often, abbreviated, actes, adss, eleven, volume, collection, docume. Actes et Documents du Saint Siege relatifs a la Seconde Guerre Mondiale French for Acts and Documents of the Holy See related to the Second World War often abbreviated Actes or ADSS is an eleven volume collection of documents from the Vatican historical archives related to the papacy of Pope Pius XII during World War II The eleven volumes of the ADSSThe collection was compiled by four Jesuit priest historians Pierre Blet France Angelo Martini Italy Burkhart Schneider Germany and Robert A Graham United States authorized by Pope Paul VI in 1964 and published between 1965 and 1981 The remainder of the documents from Pius XII s papacy were finally released almost forty years later by order of Pope Francis on March 2 2020 1 The completed catalog includes approximately 16 million documents from Pius XII s papacy 1939 1958 divided into approximately 700 boxes related to the Cardinal Secretary of State and the various nunciatures 2 According to Catholic sources The delays were largely due to the extensive cataloguing required 3 Contents 1 Origins 2 Organization 3 Inclusions and omissions 4 The editors 4 1 Blet 4 2 Graham 5 Translations 6 Notes 7 References 8 External linksOrigins editThe collection is a rare exception to the Vatican s de facto seventy five year rule for opening its archives published in the aftermath of the controversial play The Deputy by Rolf Hochhuth 4 The collection was intended to answer critics of Pius XII such as Hochhuth who alleged that the Pope had turned a blind eye to Nazi atrocities against Jews 5 In particular the editors presented a variety of documents which they claim demonstrate how Pope Pius XII protested the persecution of and various deportations of Jews Organization editFive of the eleven volumes deal with World War II in chronological order 6 Four volumes deal with the humanitarian activities of the Holy See during the war also in chronological order 6 One covers Pope Pius XII s letters to German bishops before and during the war 6 The last encompasses documents pertaining to Poland and Baltic countries 6 In the Actes none of the documents mostly in Italian were translated from their original language 4 The introductions to the volumes and the brief descriptions preceding the documents are in French 4 Because the third volume contains two books the ADSS are sometimes incorrectly referred to as a twelve volume collection 7 Inclusions and omissions editThe editors describe the selected documents as a representative sample of Vatican activity during World War II the four Jesuits claimed that only size constraints prevented them from publishing the full set of documents and that no new important revelations would accompany the eventual complete publication 4 According to the count of Australian historian Paul O Shea the ADSS contains 107 references to Jews prior to December 1942 and substantially more thereafter a variety of other studies have extensively listed the data received by the Vatican on the nature and extent of the atrocities throughout Europe as can be confirmed by the ADSS 8 In his article for the Vatican newspaper L Osservatore Romano April 29 1998 Father Pierre Blet the last surviving editor of the series defended the integrity of the collection In the first place it is not clear exactly how the omission of certain documents would help to exonerate Pius XII from the omissions alleged against him Blet wrote 9 On the other hand to say in peremptory tones that our publication is incomplete is tantamount to asserting what cannot be proved to this end it would be necessary to compare our publication with the archives and show which documents in the archives are missing from our publication Blet added that he and three other Jesuits did not deliberately overlook any significant document because we would have considered it harmful to the Pope s image and the Holy See s reputation The editors editThe four Jesuit editors also wrote many articles derived from these primary sources most of which were published in La Civilta Cattolica an Italian language Jesuit journal Blet edit Blet s Pius XII and the Second World War According to the Archives of the Vatican 1999 represents his interpretation of what essential conclusions can be drawn from the eleven volume collection 10 11 12 Graham edit Robert A Graham s research did not stop with the publication of the ADSS he continued to seek out primary sources within and without the Vatican and interview contemporaries almost until his death 13 He retired to California taking his considerable body of records with him this collection was made open to the public although rarely actually used until his death at which point the Vatican had all the papers returned to Rome and sealed 13 Translations editAs of 2002 only one of the volumes had been translated into English 4 In 2012 Marilyn Mallory published an English translation of some of the documents 14 Notes edit Pentin Edward January 3 2021 Almost Forgotten Gem of 2020 The Opening of the Pope Pius Xii Archives National Catholic Register 8 Zenit 2009 July 2 Five year timeline proposed for Pius XII archives Almost Forgotten Gem National Catholic Register 8 January 3 2021 a b c d e Sanchez 2002 p 29 Marchione Margherita Pope Pius XII Architect for Peace 2000 page 201 a b c d Sanchez 2002 p 30 Rittner and Roth 2002 p 6 Phayer 2008 p 45 Blet Pierre Myth vs Historical Fact L Osservatore Romano republished at Catholic Culture Ultimo saluto a padre Pierre Blet Amedeo Lomonaco in Italian 2009 12 01 Retrieved 2021 05 17 L oro di Pio XII archive is 2013 04 13 Archived from the original on 2013 04 13 Retrieved 2021 05 17 30Giorni Leggete il libro di padre Blet su Pio XII Intervista con Pierre Blet di Stefano Maria Paci www 30giorni it Retrieved 2021 05 17 a b Phayer 2008 p xiv Mallory Marilyn 2012 Pope Pius XII and the Jews What s True and What s Fiction Kindle Amazon com p 220 ASIN B006KLOARW References editBlet Pierre 1999 Pius XII and the Second World War According to the Archives of the Vatican New York Paulist Press ISBN 0 8091 0503 9 Ritner Carol and Roth John K eds 2002 Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust New York Leicester University Press ISBN 0 7185 0275 2 Sanchez Jose M 2002 Pius XII and the Holocaust Understanding the Controversy Washington D C Catholic University of America Press ISBN 0 8132 1081 X External links editLibreria Editrice Vaticana All eleven volumes available on the Vatican web site PDF scan Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Actes et documents du Saint Siege relatifs a la Seconde Guerre Mondiale amp oldid 1094275225, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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