Abu Hamad
This section is largely based on an article in the out-of-copyright Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, which was produced in 1911. (June 2016) |
Abu Hamad (Arabic: أبو حمد, Sudanese Arabic [abuˈħamad]), also spelt 'Abu Hamed', is a town of Sudan on the right bank of the Nile, 345 miles by rail north of Khartoum. It stands at the centre of the great S-shaped bend of the Nile, and from it the railway to Wadi Halfa strikes straight across the Nubian Desert, a little west of the old caravan route to Korosko. The population of Abu Hamad is 69,056.[when?]A branch railway, 138 mi long, from Abu Hamad goes down the right bank of the Nile to Karima in the Dongola mudiria.[1]
Abu Hamad أبو حمد | |
|---|---|
Abu Hamad Location in Sudan | |
| Coordinates: 19°32′36″N 33°20′16″E / 19.54333°N 33.33778°E | |
| Country | Sudan |
| State | River Nile |
| Population (2022) | |
| • Total | 69 059 |
| • Density | 8,888/sq mi (23,019/km2) |
The town is named after a celebrated sheikh buried here, by whose tomb travellers crossing the desert used formerly to deposit all superfluous goods, the sanctity of the saint's tomb ensuring their safety.[1]
The Battle of Abu Hamed, a part of the Anglo-Egyptian reconquest of the Sudan, took place near the town on 7 August 1897.[2]
Transport edit
In 2023 a new road 450km long from Abu Hamad to the site of a proposed sea port at abu Amama about 200km north of Port Sudan. [3]
Climate edit
Abu Hamad has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh).
| Climate data for Abu Hamad (1961–1990, extremes 1909–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 38.0 (100.4) | 41.2 (106.2) | 44.4 (111.9) | 47.0 (116.6) | 48.0 (118.4) | 49.0 (120.2) | 49.5 (121.1) | 47.7 (117.9) | 47.0 (116.6) | 45.0 (113.0) | 40.0 (104.0) | 38.9 (102.0) | 49.5 (121.1) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 28.1 (82.6) | 30.4 (86.7) | 34.6 (94.3) | 38.7 (101.7) | 41.9 (107.4) | 43.5 (110.3) | 42.1 (107.8) | 41.7 (107.1) | 42.4 (108.3) | 39.2 (102.6) | 33.3 (91.9) | 29.4 (84.9) | 37.1 (98.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 20.3 (68.5) | 22.9 (73.2) | 25.9 (78.6) | 29.9 (85.8) | 33.5 (92.3) | 35.3 (95.5) | 34.5 (94.1) | 34.5 (94.1) | 34.9 (94.8) | 31.5 (88.7) | 26.1 (79.0) | 21.9 (71.4) | 29.3 (84.7) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 12.5 (54.5) | 13.8 (56.8) | 17.3 (63.1) | 21.0 (69.8) | 25.0 (77.0) | 27.2 (81.0) | 26.9 (80.4) | 27.2 (81.0) | 27.3 (81.1) | 23.7 (74.7) | 18.9 (66.0) | 14.4 (57.9) | 21.3 (70.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 4.5 (40.1) | 5.3 (41.5) | 7.8 (46.0) | 11.8 (53.2) | 12.7 (54.9) | 20.0 (68.0) | 20.0 (68.0) | 20.0 (68.0) | 18.9 (66.0) | 13.8 (56.8) | 7.5 (45.5) | 5.3 (41.5) | 4.5 (40.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 0.2 (0.01) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.1 (0.00) | 0.2 (0.01) | 0.1 (0.00) | 5.1 (0.20) | 6.0 (0.24) | 0.7 (0.03) | 0.1 (0.00) | 0.1 (0.00) | 0.0 (0.0) | 12.6 (0.50) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 31 | 24 | 19 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 20 | 22 | 31 | 33 | 23 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 313.1 | 291.2 | 316.2 | 324.0 | 341.0 | 324.0 | 325.5 | 322.4 | 270.0 | 313.1 | 309.0 | 313.1 | 3,762.6 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 90 | 90 | 84 | 85 | 83 | 81 | 80 | 81 | 74 | 86 | 92 | 91 | 85 |
| Source 1: NOAA[4] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)[5] | |||||||||||||
References edit
- ^ a b One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Abu Hamed". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 78.
- ^ Winston Churchill (1899). The River War Volume 1. Longmans. p. 294.
- ^ new sea port
- ^ "Abu Hamed Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved April 23, 2015.
- ^ "Station Abu Hamad" (in French). Meteo Climat. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
19°32′36″N 33°20′16″E / 19.54333°N 33.33778°E