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4 Commando (Democratic Republic of the Congo)

4 Commando (also known as "4 Commando ANC" and "Force Katangaise") was a mercenary unit of the Armée Nationale Congolaise (the Congolese National Army) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1960 to 1961. It was formed in Katanga as a scratch unit made up of locally recruited citizens, Belgians, doctors, pilots and other mercenary volunteers from around the world. They are trained to be commando. The unit was initially created by Frédéric Vandewalle and later commanded by Lt. Col. Mike Hoare.[1]

4 Commando ANC
ActiveDec 1960 - 1961
Country Democratic Republic of the Congo
TypeMercenary
Nickname(s)Force Katangaise
EngagementsKatanga and South Kasai secessions
Commanders
CommanderFrédéric Vandewalle
CommanderMike Hoare

Activities in Congo

4 Commando involvement in the Congo was limited and short-lived. The Commando was composed of citizenry, World War Two veterans, former members of the Rhodesian Light Infantry (RLI) and ex-members of the Israeli Army. The Commando only saw action from 7 April to 11 April 1961 opposing United Nations peacekeeping forces and Baluba militias advance on Baluba along with the gendarmerie of the State of Katanga. The mercenary forces were unable to hold back the UN forces and by August/September 1961, 4 Commando and the White Legion (Compagnie Internationale) were forced out of Katanga by Malayan members of the UN Peacekeeping forces.[2]

The mercenaries had let Tshombe down badly and had failed to ensure the secession of Katanga. Although they had proved ruthless against the Baluba in north Katanga and against the Armée Nationale Congolaise (ANC) units they encountered on the borders, they had failed miserably in repelling the United Nations forces encountered in the field and had simply "..melted away".[3] The Commando was disbanded in December 1961, and after the Katanga debacle, the "4 Commando" name was never used again. When asked to form a new, large mercenary contingent, Hoare elected to name it 5 Commando as opposed to expanding 4 Commando.[1]

References

Citations

  1. ^ a b . Archived from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
  2. ^ Rookes 2018, pp. 152–153.
  3. ^ Clarke 1968, pp. 36.

Bibliography

  • Clarke, S.J.G. (1968). (PDF). Johannesburg: South African Institute of International Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
  • Rookes, Stephen (2018). From the Bay of Pigs to Lake Tanganyika: non-state armed actors in the Congo crisis, 1960-1967. Toulouse: Université Toulouse le Mirail.


commando, democratic, republic, congo, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, commando, democratic, republi. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources 4 Commando Democratic Republic of the Congo news newspapers books scholar JSTOR June 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message 4 Commando also known as 4 Commando ANC and Force Katangaise was a mercenary unit of the Armee Nationale Congolaise the Congolese National Army in the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1960 to 1961 It was formed in Katanga as a scratch unit made up of locally recruited citizens Belgians doctors pilots and other mercenary volunteers from around the world They are trained to be commando The unit was initially created by Frederic Vandewalle and later commanded by Lt Col Mike Hoare 1 4 Commando ANCActiveDec 1960 1961Country Democratic Republic of the CongoTypeMercenaryNickname s Force KatangaiseEngagementsKatanga and South Kasai secessionsCommandersCommanderFrederic VandewalleCommanderMike Hoare Contents 1 Activities in Congo 2 References 2 1 Citations 2 2 BibliographyActivities in Congo Edit4 Commando involvement in the Congo was limited and short lived The Commando was composed of citizenry World War Two veterans former members of the Rhodesian Light Infantry RLI and ex members of the Israeli Army The Commando only saw action from 7 April to 11 April 1961 opposing United Nations peacekeeping forces and Baluba militias advance on Baluba along with the gendarmerie of the State of Katanga The mercenary forces were unable to hold back the UN forces and by August September 1961 4 Commando and the White Legion Compagnie Internationale were forced out of Katanga by Malayan members of the UN Peacekeeping forces 2 The mercenaries had let Tshombe down badly and had failed to ensure the secession of Katanga Although they had proved ruthless against the Baluba in north Katanga and against the Armee Nationale Congolaise ANC units they encountered on the borders they had failed miserably in repelling the United Nations forces encountered in the field and had simply melted away 3 The Commando was disbanded in December 1961 and after the Katanga debacle the 4 Commando name was never used again When asked to form a new large mercenary contingent Hoare elected to name it 5 Commando as opposed to expanding 4 Commando 1 References EditCitations Edit a b A list of known Soldiers of Fortune who served in the Congo conflict some time during the 1960 s Archived from the original on 25 February 2021 Retrieved 17 June 2021 Rookes 2018 pp 152 153 Clarke 1968 pp 36 Bibliography Edit Clarke S J G 1968 The Congo Mercenary A history and analysis PDF Johannesburg South African Institute of International Affairs Archived from the original PDF on 24 June 2021 Retrieved 17 June 2021 Rookes Stephen 2018 From the Bay of Pigs to Lake Tanganyika non state armed actors in the Congo crisis 1960 1967 Toulouse Universite Toulouse le Mirail This Democratic Republic of the Congo related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 4 Commando Democratic Republic of the Congo amp oldid 1166593675, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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