With the Law of 25 March 1993, n. 81 was introduced the direct election of Mayor. In this way the form of government of the city, previously attributed to a parliamentary model, was neared at semi-presidential system. The same law fixed four years term of office for Mayor, later extended to five years.
The first direct-election of the Mayor of Rome took place in a period of changes for the Italian politics: the scandal called Tangentopoli, which highlighted pervasive corruption in the Italian political system, exposed in the 1992 Mani Pulite investigations, led to the collapse of the dominant Christian Democracy party and of its allies in the municipal politics.
Mayoral election
For the first time a leftist coalition, composed by the former-communist Democratic Party of the Left (PDS) and some other progressives party, took part in the election, presenting Francesco Rutelli as its mayoral candidate. Rutelli was a young politician who had been a member of the Italian Radicals then a member of the newborn Federation of the Greens.
The main opposition to Rutelli's coalition was represented by the neo-fascist candidate Gianfranco Fini. Fini was a young politician considered the inheritor of Giorgio Almirante's political knowledge in the Italian Social Movement (MSI). Fini and his party were quite popular in Rome: their popularity, originated from the Fascist regime, was increased by the political scandal which had invested the historical Christian Democracy (DC) and Italian Socialist Party (PSI). However Fini's popularity continued after the 1993 election, since all the candidates supported by the center-right coalition in the future elections would have been members of neo-fascist party National Alliance (AN).
Many other candidates took part in the election, all of them from very small parties, civic lists or associations. The most famous of this small party was the so-called Love Party, which was in favor of sexuality in a libertarian sense and for this reason decided to present as candidate for Mayor the famous pornstarsMoana Pozzi.
The election was distinguished by the active involvement of an unprecedented numbers of Italian nobles as either candidates or supporters, including members of the Barberini, Orsini, Chigi, and Borghese families.
Voting System
The voting system is used for all mayoral elections in Italy, in the city with a population higher than 15,000 inhabitants. Under this system voters express a direct choice for the mayor or an indirect choice voting for the party of the candidate's coalition. If no candidate receives 50% of votes, the top two candidates go to a second round after two weeks. This gives a result whereby the winning candidate may be able to claim majority support, although it is not guaranteed.
The election of the City Council is based on a direct choice for the candidate with a preference vote: the candidate with the majority of the preferences is elected. The number of the seats for each party is determined proportionally.
Parties and candidates
This is a list of the major parties (and their respective leaders) which participated in the election.
^"Elezioni, è la prova generale" (in Italian). La Stampa. 21 November 1993. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
^"Ha vinto la sinistra, sconfitti MSI e Lega" (in Italian). La Stampa. 6 December 1993. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
February 18, 2023
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Municipal elections were held in Rome on 21 November and 5 December 1993 to elect the Mayor of Rome and 60 members of the City Council 1993 Rome mayoral election 1989 21 November 1993 first round 5 December 1993 second round 1997 Turnout78 7 1 6 pp first round 79 9 1 2 pp second round Candidate Francesco Rutelli Gianfranco FiniParty Greens Social MovementAlliance Progressives 1st Round vote 684 529 619 309Percentage 39 6 35 8 2nd Round vote 955 859 844 030Percentage 53 1 46 9 Mayor before electionAldo Camporota Special commissioner Elected Mayor Francesco RutelliFdVFor the first time under a new local electoral law enacted on 25 March 1993 citizens could vote to directly elect the Mayor 1 As no candidate won a majority in the first round a runoff was held between the top two candidates Francesco Rutelli a former radical deputy at that time one of the most prominent figure of the environmentalist Federation of the Greens FdV and Gianfranco Fini Giorgio Almirante s pupil and national leader of the neo fascist Italian Social Movement MSI which Rutelli finally won 2 Contents 1 Background 1 1 Mayoral election 2 Voting System 3 Parties and candidates 4 Results 5 ReferencesBackground EditWith the Law of 25 March 1993 n 81 was introduced the direct election of Mayor In this way the form of government of the city previously attributed to a parliamentary model was neared at semi presidential system The same law fixed four years term of office for Mayor later extended to five years The first direct election of the Mayor of Rome took place in a period of changes for the Italian politics the scandal called Tangentopoli which highlighted pervasive corruption in the Italian political system exposed in the 1992 Mani Pulite investigations led to the collapse of the dominant Christian Democracy party and of its allies in the municipal politics Mayoral election Edit For the first time a leftist coalition composed by the former communist Democratic Party of the Left PDS and some other progressives party took part in the election presenting Francesco Rutelli as its mayoral candidate Rutelli was a young politician who had been a member of the Italian Radicals then a member of the newborn Federation of the Greens The main opposition to Rutelli s coalition was represented by the neo fascist candidate Gianfranco Fini Fini was a young politician considered the inheritor of Giorgio Almirante s political knowledge in the Italian Social Movement MSI Fini and his party were quite popular in Rome their popularity originated from the Fascist regime was increased by the political scandal which had invested the historical Christian Democracy DC and Italian Socialist Party PSI However Fini s popularity continued after the 1993 election since all the candidates supported by the center right coalition in the future elections would have been members of neo fascist party National Alliance AN Although the political crisis Christian Democracy DC presented its candidate Carmelo Caruso who was supported also by the weak Italian Democratic Socialist Party PSDI Many other candidates took part in the election all of them from very small parties civic lists or associations The most famous of this small party was the so called Love Party which was in favor of sexuality in a libertarian sense and for this reason decided to present as candidate for Mayor the famous pornstars Moana Pozzi The election was distinguished by the active involvement of an unprecedented numbers of Italian nobles as either candidates or supporters including members of the Barberini Orsini Chigi and Borghese families Voting System EditThe voting system is used for all mayoral elections in Italy in the city with a population higher than 15 000 inhabitants Under this system voters express a direct choice for the mayor or an indirect choice voting for the party of the candidate s coalition If no candidate receives 50 of votes the top two candidates go to a second round after two weeks This gives a result whereby the winning candidate may be able to claim majority support although it is not guaranteed The election of the City Council is based on a direct choice for the candidate with a preference vote the candidate with the majority of the preferences is elected The number of the seats for each party is determined proportionally Parties and candidates EditThis is a list of the major parties and their respective leaders which participated in the election Political party or alliance Constituent lists CandidateItalian Social Movement Gianfranco FiniProgressives Democratic Party of the Left Francesco RutelliFederation of the GreensDemocratic AlliancePannella ListCentrist coalition Christian Democracy Carmelo CarusoUnion of the CentreItalian Democratic Socialist PartyCommunist Refoundation Party Renato NicoliniLay and Reformist Alliance Vittorio Ripa di MeanaResults EditSummary of the 1993 Rome City Council and Mayoral election results Candidates 1st round 2nd round Leader sseat Parties Votes SeatsVotes Votes Francesco Rutelli 684 529 39 55 955 859 53 11 Democratic Party of the Left 233 924 18 17 18Federation of the Greens 136 753 10 62 10Alliance for Rome 63 271 4 91 5Pannella List 45 082 3 50 3Total 479 030 37 21 36Gianfranco Fini 619 309 35 78 844 030 46 89 Y Italian Social Movement 399 594 31 04 13Together for Rome 30 684 2 38 Total 430 278 33 42 13Carmelo Caruso 197 801 11 43 Y Christian Democracy 154 552 12 00 5Union of the Centre 14 392 1 12 Italian Democratic Socialist Party 11 333 0 88 Civilization and Progress 3 160 0 25 Total 183 437 14 25 5Renato Nicolini 143 364 8 28 Y Communist Refoundation Party 90 461 7 03 2Freeing Rome 12 798 0 99 Total 103 259 8 02 2Vittorio Ripa di Meana 26 064 1 51 Y Reformist Lay Alliance PSI PRI 30 818 2 39 Maria Ida Germontani 11 770 0 68 Federal Italy League 13 726 1 07 Antonio Pappalardo 9 527 0 55 Solidarity and Democracy 9 557 0 74 Laura Scalabrini 9 164 0 53 Federalist Greens 10 531 0 82 Moana Pozzi 8 977 0 52 Love Party 7 228 0 56 Giulio Savelli 4 198 0 24 Independent Movement for Rome 3 373 0 26 Federica Rossi Gasparrini 4 075 0 24 New Italy 4 685 0 36 Gabriella Carlizzi 3 998 0 23 Christian Party of Democracy 3 409 0 26 Mirella Cece 2 002 0 12 European Liberal Christian Movement 2 096 0 16 Rosario Caccamo 1 948 0 11 People s Movement for Man and the Environment 1 861 0 14 Carlo Olivieri 1 590 0 09 Humanist Alliance 1 485 0 12 Pier Vittorio Fiorelli 1 519 0 09 Rights and Duties 1 859 0 14 Rosanna Bartolomei 882 0 05 Corporatist Democracy 896 0 07 Total 1 730 717 100 00 1 799 889 100 00 4 1 287 528 100 00 56Eligible voters 2 317 077 100 00 2 317 077 100 00Did not vote 492 536 21 26 466 787 20 15Voted 1 824 541 78 74 1 850 290 79 85Blank or invalid ballots 93 824 5 14 50 401 2 72Total valid votes 1 730 717 94 86 1 799 889 97 28Source Ministry of the InteriorReferences Edit Elezioni e la prova generale in Italian La Stampa 21 November 1993 Retrieved 11 April 2021 Ha vinto la sinistra sconfitti MSI e Lega in Italian La Stampa 6 December 1993 Retrieved 11 April 2021 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1993 Rome municipal election amp oldid 1133271914, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,