The 1978 Sri Lanka Cyclone (JTWC designation: 04B) was one of the most destructive tropical cyclones to strike Sri Lanka since modern records began. The cyclone formed on November 17, 1978, and attained peak intensity on November 23, 1978, right before making landfall in Batticaloa. Sri Lanka's eastern province was heavily affected by the cyclone.[1]
1978 Sri Lanka cyclone
Cyclone 04B at peak intensity making landfall in Sri Lanka on November 23
The storm formed on 17 November over the southwest Bay of Bengal. It intensified gradually, reaching a peak intensity of 220 kmph (140 mph),[2] while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center analyzed the storm as a Category 2 equivalent cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale on November 23.[3] The cyclone made landfall in Batticaloa at its peak intensity by the same night. It emerged over the Gulf of Mannar on the 24th. That same evening, the storm made its second landfall in Kilakkarai in Tamil Nadu with one-minute sustained winds of 85 kmph (50 mph).[4] The storm then moved back into the ocean around the Kerala coast. It spent its remaining days over Arabian Sea, eventually dissipating on 29 November.
Impactedit
The cyclone had devastating impacts in Sri Lanka, killing about 915 people. An estimated more than one million people were affected, with over 250,000 buildings damaged, and one fifth of Batticaloa's fishing fleet destroyed. 9 of the 11 paddy stores were destroyed and 90 percent of the coconut plantation (28,000 odd acres of coconut plantation) in the Batticaloa district had been destroyed. The Sri Lankan government spent over 600 million Sri Lankan rupees in relief efforts in the aftermath of the disaster. A tropical cyclone report noted that over 130 electrical lines were downed and many of religious buildings were reduced to rubble. The cyclone resulted in a substantial number of people being left without electricity and water. Many houses suffered severe structural damage due to its high wind speeds.[5][6]
The impact of the storm in India was minimal. The storm brought some damage to the province of Nadu. In the Ramanathapuram and Tuticorin districts nearly 5000 huts were damaged, and damages in Indian Rupees were estimated to be 5 crores ($626.8 1978 USD). The storm brought rainfall over Kerala and the Lakshadweep Islands.
Referencesedit
^Neelavannan (1979). 12 மணி நேரம் (The 12 hours). Jaffna, Sri Lanka. p. 29.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Srinivasan, V., Ramakrishnan, A. R., and Jambunathan, R. Cyclones and depressions in the Indian seas in 1978 (PDF). Meteorological Office, Pune (Report). India Meteorological Department. Retrieved November 26, 2021.{{cite report}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^Morford, Dean R. "3.2 North Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclones" (PDF). 1978 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report. Joint Typhoon Warning Center (Report). United States Navy, United States Airforce. Retrieved November 25, 2021.
^"1978 Very Severe Cyclonic Storm NOT_NAMED (1978323N08092)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. National Centers for Environmental Information; University of North Carolina Asheville. Retrieved November 25, 2021.
^"Disaster Information Management system in Sri Lanka". www.desinventar.lk.
^"Batticaloa's blackest day". from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2013-12-05.
External linksedit
12 மணி நேரம் (The 12 hours), a Tamil book has been documented the 1978 cyclone and its aftermath.
This article about or related to tropical cyclones is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
1978, lanka, cyclone, 1978, lanka, cyclone, jtwc, designation, most, destructive, tropical, cyclones, strike, lanka, since, modern, records, began, cyclone, formed, november, 1978, attained, peak, intensity, november, 1978, right, before, making, landfall, bat. The 1978 Sri Lanka Cyclone JTWC designation 04B was one of the most destructive tropical cyclones to strike Sri Lanka since modern records began The cyclone formed on November 17 1978 and attained peak intensity on November 23 1978 right before making landfall in Batticaloa Sri Lanka s eastern province was heavily affected by the cyclone 1 1978 Sri Lanka cyclone Cyclone 04B at peak intensity making landfall in Sri Lanka on November 23Meteorological historyFormedNovember 17 1978DissipatedNovember 29 1978Super cyclonic storm3 minute sustained IMD Highest winds220 km h 140 mph Lowest pressure938 hPa mbar 27 70 inHgCategory 2 equivalent tropical cyclone1 minute sustained SSHWS JTWC Highest winds175 km h 110 mph Overall effectsFatalities 1000Damage 627 million 1978 USD Areas affectedEastern Province Sri LankaIBTrACSPart of the 1978 North Indian Ocean cyclone season Contents 1 Meteorological history 2 Impact 3 References 4 External linksMeteorological history edit nbsp Map plotting the storm s track and intensity according to the Saffir Simpson scaleMap keySaffir Simpson scale Tropical depression 38 mph 62 km h Tropical storm 39 73 mph 63 118 km h Category 1 74 95 mph 119 153 km h Category 2 96 110 mph 154 177 km h Category 3 111 129 mph 178 208 km h Category 4 130 156 mph 209 251 km h Category 5 157 mph 252 km h Unknown Storm type nbsp Tropical cyclone nbsp Subtropical cyclone nbsp Extratropical cyclone remnant low tropical disturbance or monsoon depression The storm formed on 17 November over the southwest Bay of Bengal It intensified gradually reaching a peak intensity of 220 kmph 140 mph 2 while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center analyzed the storm as a Category 2 equivalent cyclone on the Saffir Simpson scale on November 23 3 The cyclone made landfall in Batticaloa at its peak intensity by the same night It emerged over the Gulf of Mannar on the 24th That same evening the storm made its second landfall in Kilakkarai in Tamil Nadu with one minute sustained winds of 85 kmph 50 mph 4 The storm then moved back into the ocean around the Kerala coast It spent its remaining days over Arabian Sea eventually dissipating on 29 November Impact editThe cyclone had devastating impacts in Sri Lanka killing about 915 people An estimated more than one million people were affected with over 250 000 buildings damaged and one fifth of Batticaloa s fishing fleet destroyed 9 of the 11 paddy stores were destroyed and 90 percent of the coconut plantation 28 000 odd acres of coconut plantation in the Batticaloa district had been destroyed The Sri Lankan government spent over 600 million Sri Lankan rupees in relief efforts in the aftermath of the disaster A tropical cyclone report noted that over 130 electrical lines were downed and many of religious buildings were reduced to rubble The cyclone resulted in a substantial number of people being left without electricity and water Many houses suffered severe structural damage due to its high wind speeds 5 6 The impact of the storm in India was minimal The storm brought some damage to the province of Nadu In the Ramanathapuram and Tuticorin districts nearly 5000 huts were damaged and damages in Indian Rupees were estimated to be 5 crores 626 8 1978 USD The storm brought rainfall over Kerala and the Lakshadweep Islands References edit Neelavannan 1979 12 மண ந ரம The 12 hours Jaffna Sri Lanka p 29 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Srinivasan V Ramakrishnan A R and Jambunathan R Cyclones and depressions in the Indian seas in 1978 PDF Meteorological Office Pune Report India Meteorological Department Retrieved November 26 2021 a href Template Cite report html title Template Cite report cite report a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Morford Dean R 3 2 North Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclones PDF 1978 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report Joint Typhoon Warning Center Report United States Navy United States Airforce Retrieved November 25 2021 1978 Very Severe Cyclonic Storm NOT NAMED 1978323N08092 International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship National Centers for Environmental Information University of North Carolina Asheville Retrieved November 25 2021 Disaster Information Management system in Sri Lanka www desinventar lk Batticaloa s blackest day Archived from the original on 2015 09 24 Retrieved 2013 12 05 External links edit12 மண ந ரம The 12 hours a Tamil book has been documented the 1978 cyclone and its aftermath nbsp This article about or related to tropical cyclones is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1978 Sri Lanka cyclone amp oldid 1219806170, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
