1915 typhus and relapsing fever epidemic in Serbia
April 12, 2024
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In the early stages of the First World War, Serbia suffered an epidemic of typhus and relapsing fever.[1] The epidemic first appeared in the late autumn of 1914, after the second Austrian offensive.[2] By December the Austro-Hungarian troops were pushed out of Serbia for the second time in ten days. Around 50,000 wounded and sick remained in hospitals. Great problems with the lack of accommodation and food were affecting not only hospitals but the civilian population as well, besides that, there were around 50,000 Austro-Hungarian prisoners that had to be accommodated and fed too. Dr. Roman Sondermajer established a large field hospital near Kragujevac, using army barracks to care for the sick and wounded.[citation needed]
Flora Sandes, who started as a volunteer British nurse, recalled the conditions at the hospital in Kragujevac and meeting Dr. Sondermajer for the first time:
The hospital, on the outskirts of Kragujevac, was overflowing with patients, both Serbs and POWs. Surgeon Dr. Roman Sondermeyer, the immaculately dressed head of the Military Medical Service of the Serbian army, stepped forward smartly to meet us (...) "Twelve hundred patients, two surgeons, eight nurses, and some five hospital orderlies!" wrote Emily of her shock upon realising how many patients there were and how few staff [3]
In 1915, the British military doctor William Hunter headed the British Military Sanitary Committee to Serbia tasked with stopping the epidemic. The epidemic was stopped by June 1915 by introduction of several movement restriction measures and by introduction of two new disinfection methods, the "railway van disinfector", and the "barrel disinfector" now known as the Serbian barrel.[4][5]
^Hunter, William (1918). "New Methods Of Disinfection For The Prevention And Arrest Of Lice-Borne Diseases (Typhus, Relapsing, And Trench Fevers)". The British Medical Journal. 2 (3008): 198–201. ISSN 0007-1447. JSTOR 20310811.
^Hunter, William (1920). "The Serbian Epidemics of Typhus and Relapsing Fever in 1915: Their Origin, Course, and Preventive Measures employed for their Arrest". Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. 13 (Sect Epidemiol State Med): 29–158. doi:10.1177/003591572001301502. ISSN 0035-9157. PMC2152681. PMID 19981291.
April 12, 2024
1915, typhus, relapsing, fever, epidemic, serbia, help, expand, this, article, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, serbian, february, 2022, click, show, important, translation, instructions, machine, translation, like, deepl, google, translat. You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Serbian February 2022 Click show for important translation instructions Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Serbian Wikipedia article at sr Epidemiјa tifusa u Srbiјi 1914 1915 see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated sr Epidemiјa tifusa u Srbiјi 1914 1915 to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation In the early stages of the First World War Serbia suffered an epidemic of typhus and relapsing fever 1 The epidemic first appeared in the late autumn of 1914 after the second Austrian offensive 2 By December the Austro Hungarian troops were pushed out of Serbia for the second time in ten days Around 50 000 wounded and sick remained in hospitals Great problems with the lack of accommodation and food were affecting not only hospitals but the civilian population as well besides that there were around 50 000 Austro Hungarian prisoners that had to be accommodated and fed too Dr Roman Sondermajer established a large field hospital near Kragujevac using army barracks to care for the sick and wounded citation needed Flora Sandes who started as a volunteer British nurse recalled the conditions at the hospital in Kragujevac and meeting Dr Sondermajer for the first time The hospital on the outskirts of Kragujevac was overflowing with patients both Serbs and POWs Surgeon Dr Roman Sondermeyer the immaculately dressed head of the Military Medical Service of the Serbian army stepped forward smartly to meet us Twelve hundred patients two surgeons eight nurses and some five hospital orderlies wrote Emily of her shock upon realising how many patients there were and how few staff 3 A contingent of Scottish nurses and physicians served in the fight against the epidemic with many including Margaret Neill Fraser Louisa Jordan and Elizabeth Ross dying of typhus citation needed British Military Sanitary Committee to Serbia editIn 1915 the British military doctor William Hunter headed the British Military Sanitary Committee to Serbia tasked with stopping the epidemic The epidemic was stopped by June 1915 by introduction of several movement restriction measures and by introduction of two new disinfection methods the railway van disinfector and the barrel disinfector now known as the Serbian barrel 4 5 In 1920 Hunter published a detailed account on the epidemic in the Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine 6 References edit The Serbian Typhus Epidemic 100 years on European studies blog blogs bl uk Retrieved 2020 04 13 Miller Louise 2018 Fine Brother Alma Books ISBN 978 0714545493 Louise Miller 16 January 2014 A Fine Brother The Life of Captain Flora Sandes Bloomsbury USA ISBN 978 1 84688 245 6 William Hunter RCP Museum history rcplondon ac uk Retrieved 2020 04 13 Hunter William 1918 New Methods Of Disinfection For The Prevention And Arrest Of Lice Borne Diseases Typhus Relapsing And Trench Fevers The British Medical Journal 2 3008 198 201 ISSN 0007 1447 JSTOR 20310811 Hunter William 1920 The Serbian Epidemics of Typhus and Relapsing Fever in 1915 Their Origin Course and Preventive Measures employed for their Arrest Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine 13 Sect Epidemiol State Med 29 158 doi 10 1177 003591572001301502 ISSN 0035 9157 PMC 2152681 PMID 19981291 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1915 typhus and relapsing fever epidemic in Serbia amp oldid 1215910858, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
